Vocabulary Review (ch. 37)
Match the definition in Column A with the term in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Passageway leading from the larynx (voice box) to the lungs. A. alveoli
2. Sacs of the lungs where the exchange of oxygen B. antibody
and carbon dioxide takes place.
3. Fluid portion of blood in which blood cells move. C. antigen
4. Iron-containing protein that picks up oxygen after D. aorta
it enters the blood vessels in the lungs
5. Cell fragments that help blood to clot after an injury E. artery
6. A substance that stimulates an immune response in F. atrium
the body
7. Microscopic blood vessel G. urine
8. Protein that reacts with an antigen H. capillary
9. A kind of large, muscular, thick-walled elastic I. hemoglobin
vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
10. A kind of large blood vessel that carries blood J. nephron
from the tissues to the heart
11. An upper chamber of the heart. K. plasma
12. A lower chamber of the heart. L. platelets
13. Largest blood vessel in the body. M. pulse
14. Regular surge of blood through an artery. N. trachea
15. Solution of body wastes consisting of excess water, O. vein.
waste molecules, and excess ions.
16. A filtering unit in the kidney P. ventricle
17. Organ that filters the blood and produces urine. Q. kidney
Directions: Using a textbook and your notes, please answer in complete sentences the following questions. Your responses go on a separate piece of paper.
The Respiratory System- Review Questions
1. Put the following parts of the respiratory system in order: alveoli, mouth/nose, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi.
2. Describe the trachea and bronchi in terms of structure and function. In other words, what are they like and what do they do?
3. Describe the alveoli in terms of structure and function.
4. Explain how the diaphragm works.
5. Explain how breathing rate is controlled.
6. If a patient is unable to breath, sometimes physicians will perform a tracheotomy (a hole is made in the trachea). Explain why this works. Why doesn’t the patient need the air to pass through the mouth or nose?
The Circulatory System – Review Questions
1. Compare and contrast an artery and a vein. What makes each so specialized for its specific function?
2. Trace the pathway of the blood as it passes to and from the heart. Draw a diagram to accompany your response.
3. What is the role of heart valves? Where are they found?
4. What is the role of a pacemaker (aka sinoatrial node)? What other body system that we have covered helps regulate the pacemaker?
5. Summarize how the circulatory system acts like a transport system.
6. List the 4 components of human blood. Also describe the unique role/function and appearance of each component.
7. Explain how our blood clots. Be sure to address the specific role of platelets and fibrin.
8. ABO Blood Groups: Our blood contains both antibodies and antigens. Explain what would happen if you were type O blood and you mistakenly received a blood transfusion from a person with type B antigens. Why?
The Excretory System- Review questions
1. Describe the main purposes of the kidney.
2. Why are certain substances able to pass into the nephron tube, but others must stay in the bloodstream?
3. Put these parts of the nephron in order: glomerulus, proximal tubule, Bowman’s capsule, loop of Henle, collecting duct, distal tubule.
4. Kidney stones are mineral deposits that can clog up the kidneys or the ureters that leave the kidneys. Why is this a problem?