2o PROCESSO SELETIVO/2002 CGE GAB. 1 2o DIA 1
AS QUESTÕES DE 31 A 40 REFEREM-SE A LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA
VOCÊ DEVERÁ OPTAR POR UM DOS IDIOMAS
(INGLÊS PÁG. 21, OU FRANCÊS PÁG. 25)
LÍNGUA INGLESA QUESTÕES DE 31 A 40
CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE
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31 / Chinese medicine encompasses a basic philosophy on life that stresses that it’s better to stay healthy than to take medicines. Longevity has been attributed to keeping an even temper, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting a good sleep. Chinese herbal medicine is also ‘holistic’, i.e., it seeks to treat the whole body rather than focusing on a particular organ or disease. Herbal medicine, along with acupuncture, is the most common medical system in China.
Chinese medicine has evolved over thousands of years from practices originally employed by ancient peoples. While its origins lie in legend, evidence of early medical practises have been found on bones inscribed during the Shang dynasty and on treatises excavated from ancient tombs. A pharmaceutical system was established in the Song dynasty that standardised the practice of medicine, and Chinese medicine made early advancements into immunology by developing a method of immunisation against smallpox during the 17th century.
Today, it’s common to see herbalists’ shops with small drawers filled with various ingredients. These ingredients range from the ordinary (such as ginseng) to the exotic (snake gall bladder or powdered deer antler). The ingredients all undergo preparation such as baking, roasting or simmering before being consumed – the precise process being determined by the disease.
Chinese medicine seems to work best for the relief of unpleasant symptoms (pain, sore throat, etc) and for some long-term conditions that resist western medicines, such as migraine headaches, asthma and chronic backache. While many of the herbs seem to work, remember that herbs are not miracle drugs.
Another benefit of Chinese medicine is that there are relatively few side effects. Nevertheless, herbs are still medicines, not candies, and there is no need to take them if you’re feeling fine to begin with – in fact, some herbs are mildly toxic and if taken over a long period of time can actually damage the liver and other organs.
(Source: China. Communicate and Navigate: Chinese Script Throughout Melbourne: Lonely Planet Publications, 2000.)
31.The main idea of the text is:
a)People should eat Chinese food.
b)Snake gall bladders can be good for your health.
c)Herbs should be taken at all times.
d)Chinese medicine isn’t an ancient practice.
e)Chinese medicine offers many benefits.
32.According to the text, all the following statements are true about Chinese medicine, EXCEPT:
a)It relieves unpleasant symptoms.
b)It cures migraine headaches.
c)It treats the whole body.
d)It prescribes taking drugs regularly.
e)It has few side effects.
33.“Nevertheless” (line 28) is a synonym of:
a)however.
b)therefore.
c)indeed.
d)also.
e)besides.
34.The word that can substitute “damage” (line 31) with no substantial change in meaning is:
a)cure.
b)heal.
c)injure.
d)clean.
e)drain.
35.The phrase “...it seeks to treat the whole body rather than focusing on a particular organ or disease” (lines 5-6) is closest in meaning to:
a)...it seeks to treat the whole body despite focusing on a particular organ or disease.
b)...it seeks to treat the whole body instead of focusing on a particular organ or disease.
c)...it seeks to treat the whole body along with focusing on a particular organ or disease.
d)...it seeks to treat the whole body in addition to focusing on a particular organ or disease.
e)...it seeks to treat the whole body besides focusing on a particular organ or disease.
36.The underlined word in the sentence “While its origins lie in legend...” (lines 9-10) refers to:
a)Chinese medicine.
b)evidence.
c)legend.
d)early medical practice.
e)the Shang dynasty.
37.The word “them” (line 29) refers to:
a)candies.
b)side effects.
c)organs.
d)drugs.
e)herbs.
38.The sentence which is NOT in the passive voice is:
a)“If taken over a long period of time...” (line 30).
b)“Longevity has been attributed to keeping an even ...” (lines 2-3).
c)“A pharmaceutical system was established in the Shang dynasty...” (lines 12-13).
d)“Chinese medicine has evolved over thousands of years...” (line 8).
e)“Evidence of early medical practises has been found on bones...” (line 10).
39.Based on the text, the only word that can be identified as a verb is:
a)treatises (line 11).
b)practises (line 10).
c)stresses (line 2).
d)conditions (line 23).
e)tombs (line 12).
40.The sentence “...there are relatively few side effects” (lines 27-28) is closest in meaning to:
a)...there are relatively a lot of side effects.
b)...there is relatively a small number of side effects.
c)...there are relatively several side effects.
d)...there are relatively many side effects.
e)...there is relatively a great number of side effects.