CHEMISTRY PACKET

(Use your Periodic Table on page 1086 in your textbook)

Elements and their symbols

Write the symbols for the following elements

  1. Oxygen =
  2. Hydrogen =
  3. Chlorine =
  4. Sodium =
  5. Magnesium =
  6. Fluorine =

Write the name of the element that corresponds to each of the following symbols

  1. Ca =
  2. Ag =
  3. Zn =
  4. P =
  5. I =
  6. Cu =

Atoms combine to form compounds. How many atoms in each compound? (Hint: add up the subscripts) ex. H2O (H2O1) = 3 atoms and distribute if subscript is outside of the parentheses.

  1. NaCl =
  2. H2SO4 =
  3. CaCl2=
  4. Cu(NO3)2=
  5. (NH4)3PO4=
  1. Atomic Structure – Atoms are made of three subatomic particles called ______, ______and ______.
  1. Copy the Bohr model of the Helium atom in figure 2-1 on page 35. (Use the correct colors to represent the different subatomic particles and make a key)
  1. Circle the correct answer (only one)

Atomic number = #of protons # of electrons# of neutrons

  1. The Atomic Mass = ______+ ______

Bohr Models – We draw the structures of the atoms so that we can figure out how the atoms stick together (or bond ) to form these compounds.

Draw the atomic structures of the following atoms that are most common in biological molecules. ( Hint: 2 electrons on first energy level, maximum of 8 electrons in the second energy level and a maximum of 8 on the third energy level)

  1. C = ______
#p =
#e =
#n = /
  1. H = ______
#p =
#e =
#n =
  1. O = ______
#p =
#e =
#n = /
  1. N = ______
#p =
#e =
#n =

Ions –

Atoms are electrically neutral. That is # of protons (+) = # of electrons(-).

To form ionic bonds and to be able to stick together atoms become ions.

Define ion - ______
______

Ionic vs. Covalent Compounds

Usually ionic bonds are formed between elements that are metals and nonmetals (ions) – these are salts in our bodies and they dissolve easily in water. Covalent bonds occur between nonmetals and nonmetals (electrons are shared). Covalent compounds are the types of molecules that make up the tissues in our bodies.

Choose between ionic (I) or covalent (C) for the following compounds

27. CaCl2=

28. CO2=

29. H2O =

30. C6H12O6=

31. NaOH =

32. HCl =

33. O2=

Using the Blue Whale textbook, answer questions 34 – 36 below.

34. Look at table 6.1 on page 146.

a) Identify the three most common elements in the body. ______

b) Sum their percentages to find how much of the body is made up of these three elements. ______

35. Look at the Problem-Solving Lab 6-1 on page 149.

Draw the two types of atoms (Isotopes) of Beryllium

Answer the thinking critically questions (1 – 4)

1. Neutron number for A = ______Neutron number for B = ______

2. Diagram ____ represents the isotope of Beryllium because ______

______

3. Electron number for A = ______Electron number for B = ______

How do you know? ______

4. There are ______energy levels present for A and B with ___ electrons on the first level and ___ electrons on the second level.

36. What are the differences between a compound, a mixture and a solution.

______