Unit 9 Time & Motion Test
Part A
Grammar and vocabulary
A Underline the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 I really wish / hope I had more time to spend with you.
2 It looks rather / as if they ran out of time and couldn’t finish it.
3 Janet was hoping / wondering you had time to pop round and talk to her.
4 If wish / only I hadn’t spent all that time chatting.
5 I’d like / rather you didn’t waste all your time on that!
6 It’s time / as we took another look at this, isn’t it?
7 I was hoping / wondering whether you had a bit of time later?
B Choose the correct words a–i to complete the sentences. There are three extra words you do not need.
a) all, b) few c) lots d) majority e) many f) most g) much h) none i) variousWhen people retire, they find that they have (8) _____ of time on their hands. Now, (9) _____ of us can hardly wait, thinking that this would be fantastic. Just think how (10) _____ of the things you’ve always wanted to do, but never had the time, that you could finally fit in. However, for
(11) _____ reasons, the reality is that this often isn’t the case. Having the time and actually filling it are two completely different things and the (12) _____ of retirees spend (13) _____ of their time doing nothing – simply pottering around.
a all
b few
c lots
d majority
e many
f most
g much
h none
i various
C Cross out the comparative expression that can not be used.
Example:
A high percentage / proportion / virtually no of US families own two cars.
14 Petrol is a bit / a great deal / far and away more expensive than it was a month ago.
15 Although the pollution is bad, it’s considerably / not nearly / nothing like as bad as I expected.
16 Given the cost of petrol, people would be by far / a lot less / far less likely to drive if there was a suitable alternative.
17 The traffic in Rome is equally / just as / rather bad as that in any other major city.
18 This car costs less / the less / the least to run.
19 Since the introduction of the congestion charge, there have been quite / far / infinitely fewer cars on the road.
D Choose the correct word A–D to complete the text.
A few years ago I had an accident and spent a few weeks in hospital. While I was there I had plenty of time to (0) __B__ and really had to find something to occupy myself with. My mother brought me a book about the natural world, and it was fascinating. It appears that a lot of animals (20) ______much of their time trying to attract a mate. I think this is quite (21) ______as I would have imagined that most of their time was employed in gathering food or eating, but this isn’t the case for lots of animals. The Manakin, a bird native to the tropics in Central and South America, has a peculiar dance to (22) ______that it is ready to mate – it does a moonwalk, gliding backwards along a branch and then suddenly (23) ______direction. It certainly (24) ______some of the strangest behaviour I’ve ever witnessed, and reading about it was a great way to (25) ______the long hours spent recovering in the hospital.
0 A fritter B kill C spend D squander
20 A fritter B kill C spend D squander
21 A enough B relative C significant D sufficient
22 A constitute B indicate C initiate D orientate
23 A distributing B indicating C orientating D reversing
24 A constitutes B indicates C initiates D warrants
25 A fritter B pass C spare D take
E Complete the text by replacing the underlined US word or phrase with a UK word or phrase with the same meaning.
Hiring a car and (26) trailer in the UK was an experience for Don Wheeler Jr from New Jersey in the US. The first thing he found strange was how small everything was, but it certainly made things easier when he was manoeuvring round the (27) parking lot. He also found the
(28) highways to be quite narrow, and people certainly drove faster along them than they do in the US – even the (29) trucks! One other thing: he couldn’t believe how expensive (30) gasoline was.
Part B
Reading, listening and pronunciation
F Reading
Read the article about measuring time. Are these sentences true (T), false (F) or not given (NG)?
Time is clearly important to the human race. For thousands of years we have used different things to measure time and its passage. Evidence of this obsession is all around us. There are the stone circles in places like France and England that are thought to be some type of calendar – Stonehenge in south-west England is probably one of the most famous of these. There are also artefacts dating back more than 6,000 years which indicate that the moon was used to calculate time.
An array of different devices have been invented to keep track of time. Over 3,500 years ago the Egyptians used a very crude sundial. It was made of a metal T-square which was placed facing eastwards in the morning and then turned around at noon so it could cast a shadow in the evening. The most accurate devices of the ancient world were water clocks or clepsydra. Unlike sundials, they could be used at night to keep track of the hours. The only drawback was that they had to be kept topped up with water and so relied on someone maintaining the water and making sure it was flowing.
Of course, over time, the devices for measuring time improved. The water clocks that were used in much of the Arab world were far more sophisticated, but it wasn’t until the 11th century that the first mechanical clocks were invented. And, like many inventions, it was the Chinese who led the way.
In the 17th century, the famous Dutch astronomer and mathematician invented the pendulum clock – a device that is still used today and can be found in many clocks. Nowadays the most precise timekeeping devices are atomic clocks. They are accurate to within a second over a period of a million years – although how anyone can measure that is open to question.
Such devices are used in many different ways, but one of the most important is in Global Positioning Systems (GPS). The link between time and space has been with us ever since we started trying to measure time, so it is no surprise that knowing where we are also relies on us knowing what time it is.
There are many concepts of time, and even serious disagreement of whether time actually exists or is simply a construct of humans to help us explain the world we live in. However, there can be little disagreement that time has played an important role in how we see the world and how we live our lives.
31 Thousands of years ago, the moon was more important in terms of
measuring time than the sun was. T / F / NG
32 Sundials weren’t a very reliable or effective way of measuring time. T / F / NG
33 Mechanical clocks were used throughout the Arab world as far back
as the 11th century. T / F / NG
34 Pendulum clocks are no longer around, as they have been replaced
by atomic clocks. T / F / NG
35 There is no evidence that time really exists. T / F / NG
G Listening
Listen to the podcast. Choose the correct missing word, a, b or c.
36 Samoa is ______close to the international dateline.
a) very
b) totally
c) not
37 Samoa does ______of its business with Australia and New Zealand.
a) much
b) most
c) none
38 When they were in different time zones, there were only ______days when business between
Samoa and Australia could be conducted every week.
a) two
b) five
c) six
39 The first time Samoa switched time zones, in 1892, they ______a day.
a) lost,
b) missed
c) gained
40 Some of the islands of Kiribati were on one side of the ______, while the rest were on the other side.
a) timeline,
b) dateline
c) guideline
H Pronunciation
Listen to four expressions. Does the intonation go up or down at the end of the expression?
41 I’m not sure.______
42 Well, …______
43 Let me see, …______
44 That’s a tough one.______
45 I’ll have to think about that one.______
ADVANCED H.S
. REVIEW UNIT 9 VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR.
======GRAMMAR======
GRAMMAR #1 UNIT 9:
¨UNREAL PAST¨ . (SB P. 103, 148. WB. P. 66).
PAST SIMPLE:
· After ¨It´s time¨…..to say that an action is urgent or overdue. ¨It´s time we left.¨(if we left it´d be better).
· After I´d rather + pronoun. To indicate a preference about someone or something else. ¨I´d rather you didn´t smoke.¨
· ¨As if¨ and ¨as though¨ is used with a past tense form to describe a present action or state that is not actually true. : ¨He walked in as if he owned the place¨. (but he doesn´t)
· ¨I wish¨ or ¨If only¨ to talk about wishes, about the present, when these are the opposite of what is actually true. With be, we use was/were. Were is more formal. ¨I wish he was/were better qualified for the job¨.
PAST PERFECT:
· After wish or If only¨ to express a regret about something that happened or did not happen in the past.
¨I wish he hadn´t said that! ¨
¨If only I had known about it¨
REPORTED SPEECH:
· We use a PAST TENSE VERB even if a fact is still true in the present:
¨She explained that he was an architect. (he is still an architect).
PAST TENSES FOR DISTANCING: These are polite forms as they are less direct.
¨I was wondering whether you felt like going out tonight.¨
¨What did you have in mind? ¨
Circle the correct words to complete the sentences.1 I really wish / hope I had more time to spend with you.
2 It looks rather / as if they ran out of time and couldn’t finish it.
3 Janet was hoping / wondering you had time to pop round and talk to her.
4 If wish / only I hadn’t spent all that time chatting.
5 I’d like / rather you didn’t waste all your time on that!
6 It’s time / as we took another look at this, isn’t it?
7 I was hoping / wondering whether you had a bit of time later?
SBp. 103. Grammar exercise no. 3:
1. If only I______walk home.
2. Actually, I´d rather you______, if you don´t mind.
3. It´s time you______a haircut.
4. I wish you wouldn´t speak to me as if______a child.
5. I______if you´d like to go out tomorrow night.
6. Stuart told me she______swimming on Tuesdays.
7. I______I could take tomorrow off.
8. I wish______agreed to work overtime. / Exercise. No. 4
PAST SIMPLE:
1.e) after I wish or if only to express a desire for something that is unlikely or impossible in the present.
2. b) after I´d rather (you/ be/ etc)… to indicate a preference about someone or somethingelse
3. a) after It´s time ( you/ be/ etc)..to say that an action is urgent or overdue.
4. d) after as if or as though to describe a present action or state that is not actually true.
6. c) after (she) said/ told me that..in reported speech even if a fact is still true in the present.
PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS:
5. f)
7. f)
8. g)
GRAMMAR #2 UNIT 9: QUANTIFIERS: (SB P. 105, 148. WB P. 66)
· Quantifiers are a group of words which say how much or many of a particular noun we are talking about.
WORDS LIKE:
all, most, many, much, both, several, various, some, a few, few, a little, litter, very few, very
little, hardly any, any, no.
COMMON EXPRESSIONS WITH: OF-
lots of, a lot of, loads of, a great deal of, a large amount of, plenty of, a bunch of, the (ast) majority of, a number of, a percentage of, a proportion of, a minority of, half of, three-fifths of, 30% of, hundreds of.
· In formal text we don´t use LOADS OF and A BUNCH OF.
· Difference in meaning between the options:
All workers: unquantified. Anyone who is a worker.
All of the workers: All of a specific group of workers previously mentioned.
Most women: Unquantified, most of the women everywhere.
Most of the women: most of a specific group previously mentioned.
· With adjectives are commonly used in the expression a ¨huge¨ number of.
We can use: huge, large, considerable, small, tiny, growing, significant number of.
Exercise:
Choose the correct words a–i to complete the sentences. There are three extra words you do not need.a) all, b) few c) lots d) majority e) many f) most g) much h) none i) various
When people retire, they find that they have (1) ______of time on their hands. Now,(2)______of us can hardly wait, thinking that this would be fantastic. Just think how (3) ______of the things you’ve always wanted to do, but never had the time, that you could finally fit in. However, for
(4) ______reasons, the reality is that this often isn’t the case. Having the time and actually filling it are two completely different things and the (5) ______of retirees spend (6) ______of their time doing nothing – simply pottering around.
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GRAMMAR #3 UNIT 9: COMPARISONS (SB P. 107, 148. WB P. 66 and 67)
adjective / Rule / Comparative / SuperlativeSmall
Cool / One-syllable adjectives, add
–er or -est / Smaller
cooler / The smallest
The coolest
fit
thin / One-syllable adjectives which end in:
one vowel + consonant,
double the last consonant and add –er or -est. / Fitter
thinner / The fitter
The thinnestr
Easy
Scary / 2-syllable adjectives ending in –y, omit –y and add –ier or –iest. / Easier
scarier / The easiest
The scariest
Boring
Brilliant / Adjectives with 2 syllables or more, use:
more+ the adjective
or
the most + the adjective. / More boring
More brilliant / The most boring
The most brilliant
Far
good / Irregular adjectives with no set rules: / Further
better / Furthest
The best
· We can use intensifiers to qualify comparative adjectives. For instances: