Unit 4: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Study Guide Name

Unit 4: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Study Guide Name

Unit 4: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Study GuideName:

  1. What rules discoverable by reason did Enlightenment thinkers try to apply to the study of human behavior and society?

N______L______

  1. Why did Enlightenment writers often face censorship?

______

  1. What was an enlightened despot?

______

  1. Why were social distinctions more blurred in the American colonies than in Europe?

______

  1. What acts were passed by Britain to regulate colonial trade and manufacturing?

______A______

  1. What battle convinced France to support the colonies and marked the turning point in the American Revolution?

B______Of S______

  1. What did American leaders gather in Philadelphia to revise in 1787?

______Of ______

  1. The idea of natural law emerged from what revolution?

______R______

  1. What type of government did Thomas Hobbes support?

______

  1. Our system of checks and balances what influenced by which enlightenment thinker?

M______

  1. Why was Diderot’s Encyclopedia important?

______

  1. Which economist argued that in a free market, business activity would be regulated by supply and demand?

______S______

  1. What Enlightenment thinker argued that the purpose of government is to safeguard the natural rights of the people?

J______

  1. In the 1700s, British merchants gained enormous wealth by dominating what type of trade with Spanish America?

S______

  1. What British laws imposed taxes on such items as newspapers and pamphlets in the American colonies?

______A______

  1. What were the advantages of the colonists during the American Revolution?

______

  1. The Constitution created a federal republic, which divided power between which two governments?

______& ______

  1. The idea of separation of powers was borrowed from which Enlightenment thinker?

______

  1. Who proposed the heliocentric theory?

N______C______

  1. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

______

  1. Who explained the law of universal gravitation?

I______

  1. Which scientist and astronomer was forced to stand trial before the Inquisition in 1633?

______G______

  1. Name the three God-given natural rights that Locke believed we were born with.

______, ______, and ______

  1. What was Great Britain’s unofficial policy on the 13 colonies prior to the 1760s that left colonist free to manage their own affairs?

S______N______

  1. What problem plagued Great Britain after their victory in the French and Indian War in 1763?

______

  1. What instruments and tools were created during the Scientific Revolution?

______

  1. Who introduced a vaccination for small pox?

E______J______

  1. What did Enlightenment thinkers believe was the greatest tool available to enable human beings to tackle and solve any scientific, political, or social problem?

R______

  1. What Constitutional freedom guaranteed to American citizens by the Bill of Rights would the Enlightenment philosophes most support?

______Of ______

  1. The first government of the 13 individual states, established in 1781, was known as what?

The ______Of ______

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