Name ______Period # ______Date ______

Unit #4, Lesson #4 Study Guide: Volcanoes

1.  Define the following words: {Fusion Text: Pages 228-234}

§  Vent: (page # 228)

§  Viscosity: (page # 229)

§  Crater: (page # 230)

§  Caldera: (page # 230)

§  Magma Chamber: (page # 230)

§  Lava Plateau: (page # 230)

§  Mantle Plume: (page # 234)

§  Hot Spot: (page # 234)

2.  Compare and contrast the “quiet” eruptions of shield volcanoes to the “explosive” eruptions of composite volcanoes. Include the following information in your response: {Fusion Text: Page 229}

Ø  Formation of Each

Ø  Eruption Types

Ø  Appearance Differences

3.  Use the word bank to label the different parts of the volcano. {Fusion Text: Pages 228 & 229}

Word Bank of
Volcano Parts
Conduit (Pipe)
Crater
Magma Chamber
Ash Cloud
Vent
Lava Flow
Volcanic Bomb
Secondary Vent

4.  The Big Island of Hawaii is one of a long chain of enormous shield volcanoes that built up upon the Pacific Ocean floor until they grew above sea level. {Fusion Text: Page 234}

How did this chain of volcanic islands form?

Reinforcement Links:

http://player.vimeo.com/video/35786516?title=0&byline=0&portrait=0&autoplay=1

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0904/es0904page01.cfm

5.  Use the diagrams below and your Fusion Text to answer the question below.

Question: How does a caldera form? {Fusion Text: Page 230}

Reinforcement Link:

http://www.geo.cornell.edu/eas/education/course/descr/EAS220/2008%20Lectures/Lecture%208%20web/Caldera.html

6.  How is magma different from lava? {Fusion Text: Page 228}

7.  Why does magma flow upward through cracks in rock towards the Earth’s surface? {Fusion Text: Page 228}

Use the map below to answer question #8.

8.  Where do most volcanoes form? {Fusion Text: Page 231}

9.  What is a Pyroclastic Flow?

Reinforcement Link:

http://videosift.com/video/Montserrat-Volcano-Excellent-Video-of-Pyroclastic-Flow

10.  The magma that forms at convergent boundaries (subduction zones) contains a lot of silica, making the magma thick and sticky. The magma also and has a high concentration of fluids. As the magma rises, decreasing pressure causes the fluid trapped in the magma to form gas bubbles. But because the magma has a high viscosity, the gas bubbles can’t escape easily. What kind of volcanic eruptions occur along subduction zones at convergent boundaries? {Fusion Text: Page 233}

11.  Which composite volcano is located in Italy and erupted in 79AD burying the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum?

Use the map below to answer question #12.

12.  The Cascade Range is a chain of active composite volcanoes in the northwestern United States. Mt. Rainier, Mt. Saint Helens, and Mt. Shasta are all part of the Cascade Range. How did the volcanoes of the Cascade Range form? {Fusion Text: Page 233}

13.  The volcanic rock seen below is fine-grained, dark-colored, and low in silica. This is the rock type that forms all of the Hawaiian Islands. What is the name of this igneous rock? {Fusion Text: Page 175}

Use the diagram below to answer question #14.

14.  Which type of volcano is tall and cone-shaped, forming from eruptions that include both lava flows and explosive eruptions of ash, cinders and bombs? {Fusion Text: Page 175}

15.  The Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs right through the middle of Iceland. This can be seen in the picture below. How will the landmass of Iceland change in the future? {Fusion Text: Page 229}