Unit 2 Review Sheet
Chapter 4: Energy
- Define the following vocabulary terms and list an example of each one:
energy / elastic potential energy / mechanical energy
kinetic energy / chemical potential energy / law of conservation of energy
potential energy / gravitational potential energy
- If you have a flashlight, and the law conservation of energy is true. It would say that the total chemical energy is equal to the electricity, plus light, plus heat
- Changes in direction, velocity, and temperature all indicate a change in energy
- Draw a pendulum and show where the kinetic energy is the greatest, where the potential energy is the greatest, where potential is equal to kinetic energy, and draw an arrow showing when kinetic energy is increasing.
- What is the equation for kinetic energy and what is the equation for gravitational potential energy?
- What are the units for energy?
- List two factors that can cause kinetic energy to increase.
- What form of potential energy do plants store?
- How much kinetic energy does an object with a mass of 25 kilograms traveling in a straight line have if it travels at 13 m/s?
- If an object has a kinetic energy of 250 J and a speed of 10 m/s. What is its mass?
- Suppose a 3 kg object has 750 J of kinetic energy. What is the objects velocity?
- If you have a mass of 156 kg and you are standing on a stage 1.5 meters above the ground, what is your gravitational potential energy?
Chapter 6:
- Define the following vocabulary terms and list an example of each one:
temperature / calorimeter / conductors
thermal energy / conduction / insulators
heat / convection
specific heat / radiation
- Heat always flows from ______objects to ______objects
- Rubber is a ______insulator
- Which of the three types of energy transfer (conduction, convection, or radiation) can transfer heat in a vacuum?
- Gases and liquids usually transfer heat through ______currents
- Black paint will ______radiant heat
- If a substance has a high specific heat, is it easy or difficult to change the temperature of that substance?
- Does water have a high specific heat or low specific heat?
- If the speed of molecules increase, what happens to the temperature of the molecules?
- What feature of a thermos bottle prevents heat loss due to conduction and convection?
- What units are used to measure temperature? What units are used to measure heat?
- The specific heat capacity of silver is 0.24 J/(gC). How much energy is needed to warm 13 kg of silver from 21.0C to 28.0C?
- If a 12 kilogram sample changes in temperature by 18C and absorbs 350 J of thermal energy, what is its specific heat capacity in J/(gC)?
Chapter 7: Electricity
- Define the following vocabulary terms and list an example of each one:
protons / law of conservation of charge / conductors
neutrons / charge by contact / insulators
electrons / charge by induction / grounding
static electricity / lightning / thunder
voltage difference / electric current / wet cell battery
circuit / dry cell battery / resistance
- Do the following charges attract each other or repel each other?
+ + ______+ - ______- - ______
- T or F Charge can be transferred from one object to another.
- Plastic is a ______conductor and a ______insulator.
- If an object has a positive charge what has occurred? If it has a negative charge what has occurred?
- Describe how an electroscope works and explain why the foil leaves move away from each other.
- What would happen if a positively charged particle is put near a positively charged rod?
- List three things that would increase the resistance of electricity flowing through an object.
- Calculate the voltage difference across a 23- resistor if a 2.5-amp current is flowing through it.
- When connected to a 110 volt power supply, how much current is in a light bulb that has a resistance of 45 ohms?
- When connected to a 110 volt power supply, a 4-amp current is experiencing how much resistance?
Chapter 8: Magnetism
- Define the following vocabulary terms and list an example of each one:
magnetism / compass / permanent magnets
magnetic poles / magnetic domains
- If a magnet is placed in a magnetic field the magnetic domains will become aligned
- In a bar magnet both poles exert equivalent magnetic force
- What happens to the magnetic force between objects as they move closer together?
- Describe what happens when you break a magnet into two halves.
- Describe the interaction between the following poles
- North Pole – South Pole: ______each other
- North Pole – North Pole: ______each other
- South Pole – South Pole: ______each other
Chapter 11: Waves
- Define the following vocabulary terms and list an example of each one:
wave / compressional wave / rarefaction
medium / crest / wavelength
mechanical waves / trough / frequency
transverse wave / compression / amplitude
- Sound is an example of a ______wave.
- What is the source of all wave motion?
- All waves will exist only as long as it has what?
- Draw a transverse wave and label a crest, trough, wavelength, and amplitude.
- If the amplitude of a wave increases, what happens to the energy of the wave?
- What is the speed of a wave with a wavelength of 1.5 m and a frequency of 4 Hz?
- If a wave has a velocity of 123 m/s and a frequency of 22 Hz, what is its wavelength?
- If a wave has a velocity of 120 m/s and a wavelength of 2.5 m, what is its frequency?