UNIT 2: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Cellular Biology Exam Review

  1. Draw a picture to show your understanding of how an atom and a compound/molecule are different.
  1. What does it mean to be “organic”?
  1. We studied 4 different organic macromolecules in this unit. Which one of the four is not something we would find on a nutrition label on the bag of chips you had for lunch?
  1. What is the function of the macromolecule that you named in question #3?
  1. Name two examples of the macromolecule that you named in questions #3?
  1. What are the parts of the macromolecule that you named in question #3?
  1. Complete this chart to review the other three types of organic macromolecules that you would find on the chip bag nutrition label.

Carbohydrates / Lipids / Proteins
Elements in this compound
Subunits (parts) of this molecule
Group(s) / 1.
2. / 1.
2. / We did not group these, but we did discuss one specific example. What is the specific type of protein we discussed? What does it do?
Food Sources / 1A.
1B.
2A.
2B. / 1A.
1B.
2A.
2B / List 3
What is the function in your body? / 1. / 1.
2.
3.
4. / 1.
2.
3.
4.
  1. Label the parts in the table on the microscope picture, then explain the function of these parts in the table:
Part / Function
Diaphragm
Eyepiece
Low Power Objective
High Power Objective
Stage Clips
Fine Adjustment Knob
Coarse Adjustment
Knob
  1. List ALL three parts of the cell theory.

A.

B.

C.

  1. How do Prokaryote and Eukaryotic organisms differ?
  1. List three ways in which plant and animal cells differ?

  1. Complete the table below:

Organelle / Sketch / Location (Plant, Animal or Both) / Function
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Nuclear Membrane
Lysosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
(Be sure to include the 2 parts of the phospholipids bilayer as well as the membrane proteins)
Chromatin
Cell Wall
Centrioles
Vacoule
Cytoplasm
  1. What is the difference between Active and Passive Transport? Give three examples of each type.

Active Transport / Passive Transport
Examples: / Examples:
  1. Passive transport generally continues until equilibrium or homeostasis is reached. Explain what this means.
  1. A cell contains 55% water and the surrounding solution contains 35% water. What will happen to the cell over a period of time?
  1. Use the cell diagram below. In the diagram, a “cell” with a semi-permeable membrane has been placed in a beaker containing substances dissolved in water.

The membrane is permeable to glucose, K+, Na+, water, and iodine.

The membrane is impermeable to starch.

When iodine and starch mix, a purplish/black color will be seen.

What is the percentage of water inside the cell?

Will osmosis occur? If so, in what direction?

Which other substances diffuse across the membrane?

In which direction will the glucose diffuse?

Is the solution in the beaker hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic?

The initial color of the solution in the cell is ______and in the beaker is ______.

The final color of the solution in the cell will be ______and______in the beaker.

Unit 1 Review:

  1. What are the 5 characteristics that all living things share?
  1. Define an explain the following parts of an experiment:
  2. Independent variable –
  1. Dependent variable –
  1. Control Group –
  1. Experimental Group -
  1. Constant -
  1. When classifying an organism based on observable features, what tools do scientists use?
  1. What are the three rules for writing a scientific name?

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