Unit 1 Exam: The American Character and Belief System
- What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?
- To reach an agreement on who would pay for the Mayflower should the vessel be lost at sea.
- To establish a plan of government for the Pilgrims in the New World
- To force the Native Americans to agree to abide by English laws and customs.
- To create an elective judicial body to enact laws.
- The summoning of Virginia's House of Burgesses marked an important precedent because it:
- replaced the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut as the constitution of Puritan New England.
- was abolished by the governor after Shays’s Rebellion.
- was the first example of an elective government in the American colonies.
- It proved that the Articles of Confederation were too weak to continue.
- The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differed from the Mayflower Compact in that it
- Did not make any reference to God in the colony’s founding.
- Provided specific details on who was allowed to run for office and vote.
- Listed all of the complaints the American colonists had against the King of England.
- Established the criteria to settle the Northwest Territories.
- Anglican Virginia differed from Puritan New England in that
- Anglicans believed that a strong religious authority was necessary.
- Anglicans refused to accept the King of England as the head of the Church.
- The church was not the center of daily life.
- The settlement of Virginia required the church to be at the center of every town.
- Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning religion in the American colonies?
- The middle colonies were more tolerant and accepting of other faiths.
- Dissenters were often banished to other colonies.
- Anglicans valued the status of being a member of the King’s church.
- Catholics were the dominant religion in Massachusetts Bay.
- The Great Awakening was:
- an attempt at opening the eyes of Americans to the need for a more rational American science curriculum in schools.
- the realization by the colonial elites that regulations imposed upon religious communities would result in rebellion.
- a movement by American religious leaders to reunite the Anglican Church with the official Church of England.
- a revival movement that helped democratize both the colonies and religion because it expanded the options for church membership and encouraged new members.
- Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the Enlightenment ideas?
- People began to question the authority of kings and promote the idea of “consent of the governed”.
- Philosophers defined the “natural rights” and freedoms for citizens.
- Many of the “Enlightened” ideas became key concepts in the American government.
- The Founding Fathers ignored the Enlightenment ideas because they were “too European”.
- Which of the following statements would be considered an Enlightenment philosophy?
- Government is most effectively governed by one strong central authority
- The rule of law should be applied equally to all citizens.
- Freedom of speech and religion should often be limited to preserve order and peace.
- Kings have a divine right to rule, thus people’s rights are secondary.
- The principles expressed by Thomas Paine's Common Sense and Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence best account for:
- the colonial argument for remaining loyal to the English government .
- the relatively limited powers of the Articles of Confederation.
- the growth of conflict between slaveholding and non-slaveholding colonists.
- the colonial argument for the consent of the governed and the right of revolution.
- The common element of Bacon's, Shays’s, and the Whiskey Rebellion was that:
- all resulted in changes in the representation allowed in Congress.
- all helped postpone the conflict between slave and free states.
- all were challenges to perceived unfairness by a distant government.
- all were promoted by foreign agents hoping to overthrow the government.
- Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Shays’s rebellion?
- It led to the revision of indentured servant system, thus creating a greater reliance on slave labor.
- It proved that the Articles of Confederation were too weak to maintain law and order.
- It proved that the Constitution protected law and order, and government could enforce laws.
- It was the first successful rebellion against government authority.
- Nat Turner’s Rebellion impacted the South’s view of slavery in what way?
- The South began to question the morality of slavery.
- The South began to gradually ease restrictions on slave codes.
- Southern states began to purposely limit the slave trade.
- The South tightened the slave codes and defended slavery aggressively.
- Which of the following best describes an argument the Federalists proposed in favor of the new Constitution?
- A weak national government will provide freedom for the states.
- A nation without an executive will ensure the U.S. never becomes tyrannical like Britain.
- A strong national government will protect the liberties the Revolution brought forth.
- The inability to tax and extract money from the states will provide them with the most liberty possible.
- During the debate on the formation of a new Constitution the Virginia Plan was proposed. Which best describes the Virginia plan?
- Separation of power into 3 branches, a one house legislature with equal representation.
- A two house legislature, with representation based on population, along with executive and judicial branches
- It emphasized the individual states' powers over a strong, national government.
- None of the above.
- Which of the following best explains the 3/5ths Compromise?
- 3/5ths of the colonies must ratify the Constitution before it goes into effect.
- 3/5ths of all white citizens of a territory must own property before that territory can become a state.
- 3/5ths of all former Southern slaveholders must take an oath of allegiance to the U.S. Constitution before that state is allowed back into the Union
- 3/5ths of each states slave population will be counted towards that state’s total population when determining representation
- Why was the North so upset with the Fugitive Slave Law that came out of the Compromise of 1850?
- The law did not go far enough in protecting the rights of property owners.
- The law forced northerners to contribute in some way to the slave cause.
- The law failed to compensate them for the capturing of runaway slaves.
- The law allowed Southerners to confiscate Northern indentured servants if their slaves could not be found.
- How did the Compromise of 1877 end Reconstruction?
- It removed the military from the South.
- A segregated society began to take root.
- Democrats began to restrict the political gains African Americans had made during Reconstruction.
- all of the above.
- none of the above.
- During the early 1800s, America experienced a Second Great Awakening. Which best describes this movement’s views on freedom?
- Freedom meant freedom from temptation.
- Freedom meant individual rights to choose.
- Freedom meant the natural rights of all men.
- none of the above
- Why was the common school movement of the early 1800's not supported by many Americans?
- It only included the children of the elites.
- The government should not be responsible for the moral education of children.
- It was too expensive.
- It was limited to the elementary grade levels.
- What change occurred in the argument against slavery when the abolition movement crossed paths with the Second Great Awakening?
- Preachers began to use the Bible to support slavery.
- Only women became involved
- Slavery began to be seen as a moral sin
- The abolition movement began to exclude African Americans from participation
- Which of the following provides an explanation for the importance of the Northwest Ordinances?
- It outlined the process for applying for statehood.
- It banned slavery in the northwest territories.
- It demonstrated the new nation's value of education.
- all of the above.
- a & c only
- Which of the following was a Federalist argument against Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana Territory?
- it would destroy their vision of an agricultural nation
- it would displace the Native American tribes living there
- the purchase would cause too many conflicts between free and slave states
- the purchase was unconstitutional
- Which of the following social reform movements was MOST closely allied with the women's suffrage movement in the 19th century?
- the abolitionist movement.
- the temperance movement.
- the labor union movement.
- all of the above.
- a & b only
- Which of the following statements most accurately explains the term "Manifest Destiny"?
- The nation was destined to declare its independence from Britain and establish self-government.
- It was the obligation of the American people to civilize and Christianize the slave population.
- God had ordained that America was to spread from coast to coast, taming and using the land and resources.
- None of the above are accurate.
- One important foundation of our government was the idea of compromise. Which of the following 2 issues required compromises at the Constitutional Convention?
- state boundaries and the location of the capital
- representation and the creation of a judicial branch
- slavery and representation
- a disputed presidential election and slavery
- In understanding the spirit of rebellion in early America, all of the following beliefs are reflected in these events EXCEPT:
- the protection of property
- the representation of the people's will
- the right to overthrow an unjust government
- the equality of all mankind
- The Compromise of 1820 established that the future addition of slave vs. free states would be settled by
- not allowing slavery in any new state after 1820
- slave states or free states would depend on whether the state was above or below 36/30 in the Louisiana Purchase
- slavery would be left to popular vote in all new territories
- the soil and climate of territory dictate the appropriateness of slavery