B - Materials - Text Grid - Transforming Resources 6 October 2018
Text Grid
Transforming Resources
Section B: Materials
Submitted to writer: 2017/01/04
First draft English: 2017/01/13
Exhibition team review: 2017/01/18
Second draft English:2017/01/23
Exhibition team review: 2017/01/24
Sent for Approval: 2017/01/27
Approval:2017-01-31
Sent to English Edit: 2017-01-31
English edit: 2017-02-01
Exhibition team review: 2017-02-02
To Translation: 2017-02-06
Back from Translation: 2017-02-20
Exhibition team review: 2017-03-02 and 2017-03-03
Comparative edit:
Exhibition team review:
IP No /Text Type
/ Main Messages / Text (English) / Text (French)B / T1 / From Earth to Us: Materials
Want to convey idea of: We mine natural resources to produce materials which allow us to meet our needs and wants. / Materials: The Path to Products / Matériaux: sur la piste des produits
B / L1 text /
- We make things we need and want out of materials.
- These materials are made from natural resources.
- People have always experimented with variety of materials to meet their needs and wants.
- People have constantly used natural resources to develop new materials and improve old.
Look around you.
We make lightbulbs out of glass.
We make display panels out of plastic.
We make elevatorsout ofsteel. / Pour créer des produits, nous utilisons desmatériaux provenant de ressources naturelles.
Regardez autour de vous.
Il faut du verre pour fabriquer des ampoules.
Il faut du plastique pour fabriquer des panneauxd’exposition.
Il faut de l’acier pour fabriquer des ascenseurs.
B / Graphic / Chemical elements Natural resources MaterialsEnd Products
Chemical element: building blocks, pure substance that contain a single type of atom.
Natural resources: exist in nature and is extracted and processed to produce materials.
Materials: substances with specific set of properties that meet the requirements of a product
Product: object, article, substance made to be used, sold, consumed. / Chemical elements Natural resources MaterialsEnd products
Chemical elements: Building blocks of the world, containing only one type of atom
Natural resources: Obtained from nature, made into materials
Materials: Developed and selected for specific products
End products: Made to be sold to consumers / Éléments chimiques Ressources naturelles Matériaux Produitsfinis
Éléments chimiques: composants de base du monde constitués d’un seul type d’atome
Ressources naturelles: ce qui provient de la nature et que l’on transforme en matériaux
Matériaux: matières conçues ou choisies pour fabriquer différents produits
Produits finis: objets destinés à la consommation
B1-1 / L2 text /
- Materials belong to four categories – ceramics, metals, polymers (natural and synthetic), and composites.
- Each category of materials is made from natural resources
- Each category of material has different properties.
B1. Introduction and brief history of materials
B1-1-1 / L2 group title / Ceramics / Ceramics / Céramiques
B1-1-1 / L2 group caption /
- Ceramics are inorganic and non-metallic.
- The word “ceramic” comes from Greek ‘keramos” = pottery or potter’s clay.
B1-1-1 / L3 / Recycling ceramics - We could do better!
- Almost all ceramics (and 100% of glass) can be recycled endlessly
- Other than glass few municipalities collect them as recyclable waste.
Yes! Nearly all ceramics can be recycled endlessly, but few municipalities offer ceramic recycling.
Can I recycle glass?
Yes! And we do! 100%of glass can be recycled endlessly. / Les céramiques sont-elles recyclables?
Oui! Presque toutes les céramiques peuvent être recyclées à l’infini, mais rares sont lesmunicipalités où on le fait.
Le verre est-il recyclable?
Oui! Et nous le recyclons! Le verre est 100% recyclable, à l’infini.
B1-1-1 / PCap / Ceramic under an electron microscope / Ceramic under an electron microscope / Céramique vue au microscope électronique
B1-1-1 / PCred / Zeiss Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy
B1-1-1 / PrCap1 / Glass
(Arrows to glass)
Can be see through
Brittle/breaks easily, Doesn’t rust, Stiff / Glass
See Synonym List for potential PrCap word choices[DH1] / Verre
B1-1-1 / PrCap2 / Brick
(Arrow to Brick)
Dense, Lightweight, Doesn’t rust, Stiff / Brick / Brique
B1-1-1 / PrCap3 / Tile
(Arrows to Tile)
Long lasting, Strong, Hard, Doesn’t rust, Stiff / Tile / Tuile
B1-1-1 / PrCap4 / Transistor
(Arrows to Transistor)
Good insulator for electricity and heat / Transistor / Transistor
B1-1-1 / L3 title / Natural Resource / Natural Resources / Ressources naturelles
B1-1-1 / PrCap5 / Sand / Sand / Sable
B1-1-2 / L2 group title / Metals / Metals / Métaux
B1-1-2 / L2 group caption / Metals are chemical elements that will carry/conduct heat and electricity and reflect light when polished. / Metals are chemical elements that conduct heat and electricity. They can be polished to reflect light. / Les métaux sont des éléments chimiques qui conduisent la chaleur et l’électricité. Une fois polis, ils réflètent la lumière.
B1-1-2 / L3 text / Recycling metals: We could do better! 100% of metals can be recycled endlessly. / Can I recycle metal?
Yes! All metals can be recycled endlessly. / Le métal est-il recyclable?
Oui! Tous les métaux peuvent être recyclés à l’infini.
B1-1-2 / PCap / Metal (nickel) under an electron microscope / Metal (nickel) under an electron microscope / Métal (nickel) vu au microscope électronique
B1-1-2 / PCred / Zeiss Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy
B1-1-2 / PrCap1 / Copper wire
(Arrows to copper wire) Conducts electricity, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength). / Copper wire / Fil de cuivre
B1-1-2 / PrCap2 / Iron Frying pan (rusted)
(Arrows to iron frying pan) Heat conductor, Can rust, Tough, Fatigue (weakens with repeated use) / Iron frying pan / Poêle en fonte
B1-1-2 / PrCap3 / Steel screws (arrows to screws) Strong, High melting point, Tough / Steel screws / Vis en acier
B1-1-2 / PrCap4 / Nickel (arrows to nickel) Tough / Nickel / Nickel
B1-1-2 / L3 title / Natural resource / Natural resources / Ressources naturelles
B1-1-2 / PrCap5 / Ore containing variety of metals / Ore containing a variety of metals / Minerai contenant plusieurs métaux
B1-1-3 / L2 group title / Polymers / Polymers / Polymères
B1-1-3 / L2 group caption / Polymers are substances composed of repeated chemically bonded units.
Polymers can be natural (found in nature) or synthetic (made in labs). / Polymers are made up of parts called molecules that are strung together in a repeating pattern. Polymers can be natural (found in nature) or synthetic (made in labs). / Les polymères sont faits de particules de matière appelées molécules qui créent un motif régulier quand elles se lient ensemble. Les polymères peuvent être naturels (présents dans la nature) ou synthétiques (fabriqués en laboratoire).
B1-1-3 / L3 text / Recycling Polymers? It depends on what it is.
Plastics: up to 80% recyclable,
Paper: up to 85% recyclable (but only 4-6 times) / Can I recycle polymers?
Yes! 80% of plastics and 85% of papers are recyclable. But paper can be recycled only 4 to 6 times. / Les polymères sont-ils recyclables?
Oui! Les plastiques sont recyclables à 80%, et les papiers à 85%. Toutefois, on ne peut pas recycler le papier plus de 4 à 6fois.
B1-1-3-1 / PCap / Natural polymer (wood) under electron microscope / Natural polymer (wood) under an electron microscope / Polymère naturel (bois) vu au microscope électronique
B1-1-3-1 / PCred / Tatcher a Hainu / Tatcher a Hainu / Tatcher a Hainu
B1-1-3-2 / PCap / Synthetic polymer (nylon) under electron microscope / Synthetic polymer (nylon) under an electron microscope / Polymère synthétique (nylon) vu au microscope électronique
B1-1-3-2 / PCred / Zeiss Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy
B1-1-3 / PrCap1 / Rubber (synthetic polymer)
(Arrows to rubber)
Non-corrosive, Lightweight, Insulator, not resistant to heat, do not biodegrade easily / Rubber (synthetic polymer) / Caoutchouc (polymère synthétique)
B1-1-3 / PrCap2 / Plastic (synthetic polymer)
(Arrows to plastic) Doesn’t rust, Lightweight, Insulator, not resistant to heat,do not biodegrade easily / Plastic (synthetic polymer) / Plastique (polymère synthétique)
B1-1-3 / PrCap3 / Polyester (synthetic polymer)
(Arrows to polyester) Non-corrosive, Lightweight, not resistant to heat,do not biodegrade easily / Polyester (synthetic polymer) / Polyester (polymère synthétique)
B1-1-3 / PrCap4 / Paper (natural polymer)
(Arrows to paper) Non-corrosive, Lightweight, Flammable, easily biodegradable / Paper (natural polymer) / Papier (polymère naturel)
B1-1-3 / L3 title / Natural Resource / Natural Resources / Ressources naturelles
B1-1-3 / PrCap5 / Wood / Wood / Bois
B1-1-3 / PrCap6 / Oil / Oil / Huile
B1-1-4 / L2 group title / Composites / Composites / Composites
B1-1-4 / L2 group caption / A combination of two or more categories of materials, selected for their attractive properties. / Composites are a combination of two or more categories of materials selected for their best qualities. / Les composites sont un assemblage de deux ou plusieurs catégories de matériaux choisis en fonction de leurs qualités.
B1-1-4 / L3 text / Recycling composites: We could do better! Recycling is difficult but many composites can be reused. / Can I recycle composites?
You can try, but recycling is difficult. Instead, look for ways to reuse composites. / Les composites peuvent-ils être recyclés?
Oui, mais c’est difficile. Mieux vaut trouver moyen[DH2][LSA3] deles réutiliser.
B1-1-4 / PCap / Composite - Carbon fibre (ceramic) and plastic (polymer) under electron microscope. / A Composite: Carbon fibre (ceramic) and plastic (polymer) under an electron microscope / Un composite de fibre de carbone (céramique) et de plastique (polymère) vu au microscope électronique
B1-1-4 / PCred / Zeiss Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy / ZEISS Microscopy
B1-1-4 / PrCap1 / Reinforced concrete (metal + ceramic)
(Arrows to Reinforced concrete)
Stiff, Strong, Tough, Heavy weight, / Reinforced concrete (metal + ceramic) / Béton armé (métal + céramique)
B1-1-4 / PrCap2 / fiberglass (polymer + ceramic)
(Arrows to fiberglass)
Non-corrosive, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Low conductivity of heat and electricity, Stiff, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), Weather resistant / Fibreglass (polymer + ceramic) / Fibre de verre (polymère + céramique)
B1-1-4 / PrCap3 / glass/PVB window (ceramic + polymer)
(Arrows to glass/PVB window (car)) Non-corrosive, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Low conductivity, Stiff, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), Weather resistant / Glass and plastic window (ceramic + polymer) / Fenêtre en verre et en plastique (céramique + polymère)
B1-1-4 / PrCap4 / Carbon fibre (polymer + ceramic)
(Arrows to Carbon fibre) Doesn’t rust, Shock and wear resistant, Lightweight, Strong, Ductile (can be easily shaped without losing toughness/strength), High temperature tolerance, Non-flammable, Expensive / Carbon fibre (polymer + ceramic) / Fibre de carbone (polymère + céramique)
B1-1-4 / L3 title / Natural resource / Natural resources / Ressources naturelles
B1-1-4 / PrCap5 / Sand / Sand / Sable
B1-2 / L2 title / Materials through time / Materials through the ages / Les matériaux à travers les âges
B1-2 / L2 text / Materials were a crucial commodity throughout history and have been the inspiration of wars, trade routes, and names of ages. / From the Stone Age to the Silicon Age, materials have given rise to trade routes, triggered conflict, and inspired art, engineering, innovation—and even the names of the ages themselves. / Dès l’âge de la pierre, les matériaux ont dicté le tracé des routes commerciales. Ils ont attisé lesconflits, inspiréartistes et ingénieurs et stimulé l’innovation.On a même donné leur nom à des périodes historiques et préhistoriques!
B1-2-1 / PCap / One of the oldest recorded texts talks about a dispute of the quality of copper traded between two merchants. / One of the oldest recorded texts relates a dispute between merchants over the quality of copper they were trading. / Un des textes les plus anciens de l’histoire relate une dispute entre marchands sur la qualité du cuivre dont ils faisaient commerce.
B1-2-1 / Pcredit / Credit: robotbrainz Creative Commons / Robot Brainz, Creative Commons / Robot Brainz, Creative Commons
B1-2-1 / Group MapCap / To meet their needs and wants, people have been trading materials around the globe for millennia, transporting resources from communities that had them in abundance to others that needed them. / People have traded materials around the globe for millennia, moving goods from communities with resources to those without. / Depuis des millénaires, on fait le commerce des matériaux partout sur la planète. On transporte des biens provenant d’endroits riches en ressources vers des lieux qui en sont dépourvus.
B1-2-1 / MapCap1 / Amber Road, was a major trade route as far back as 1500s BCE / The Amber Road was a major trade route 3,500 years ago. / Il y a 3500ans, la route de l’ambre était un important trajet commercial.
B1-2-1 / PropCap1 / Amber / Amber / Ambre
B1-2-1 / MapCap2 / Silk Road began as a route to trade minerals and later silk 4000 years ago / The Silk Road was a mineral trade route until 4,000 years ago, when silk became a highly sought after material. / Avant que la soiedevienne extrêmement précieuse, il y a 4000ans, la route de la soie servait au commerce des minéraux.
B1-2-1 / PropCap2 / Silk / Silk / Soie
B1-2-1 / MapCap3 / Ancient Spice Routes date back to 3000 BCE / Ancient spice routes date back 5,000 years. / Ces anciennes routes des épices remontent à il y a 5000ans.
B1-2-1 / PropCap3 / Cinnamon
Pepper
Cloves / Cinnamon
Pepper
Cloves / Cannelle
Poivre
Girofle
B1-2-1 / Instruct / Smell this! / Smell these! / Sentez!
B1-2-1 / MapCap4 / Fur trade in Canada flourished between 1680 and 1760s to meet the demand in North America and in Europe. / Fur trade routes in Canada from 1680 to 1760.
Canada’s fur trade flourishedfor several centuriesto meet the demand for fashionable hats and coats, especially in Europe. / Voies servant au commerce de la fourrure, de 1680 à 1760.
Pendant plusieurs siècles, la traite des fourrures a prospéré, au Canada, grâce à la demande des Européens, qui raffolaient des chapeaux et des manteaux de fourrure.
B1-2-1 / PropCap4 / Fur / Fur[DH4] / Fourrure
MapCap5 / First Nations in Canada began to trade iron from meteorites over 1,000 years ago. / The Indigenous peoples inCanada began to trade iron from meteorites over 1,000 years ago. / Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce du fer provenant de météorites il y a plus de 1000 ans.
B1-2-1 / PropCap5 / Iron / Iron / Fer
B1-2-1 / MapCap6 / First Nations in Canada began to trade copper in 4,000 BCE. / The Indigenous peoples inCanada began to trade copper about 6,000 years ago. / Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce du cuivre il y a environ 6000ans.
B1-2-1 / PropCap6 / Copper / Copper / Cuivre
B1-2-1 / MapCap7 / First Nations in Canada began to trade obsidian in 9,000 BCE. / The Indigenous peoples inCanada began to trade obsidian about 11,000 years ago. / Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce de l’obsidienne il y a environ 11000ans.
B1-2-1 / PropCap7 / Obsidian (naturally occurring glass) / Obsidian (naturally occurring glass) / Obsidienne (verre naturel)
B1-2-1 / MapCap8 / First Nations in Canada began to trade silica over 12,000 years ago. / The Indigenous peoples inCanada began to trade silica over 12,000 years ago. / Les peuples autochtones au Canada ont commencé à faire le commerce de la silice il y a plus de 12000ans.
B1-2-1 / PropCap8 / Silica / Silica / Silice
B1-2-2 / L3 text / People have always experimented with variety of materials to meet their needs, constantly developing new materials and improving old. / People have always improved old materials and experimented with new varieties to make the products they need. / Depuis toujours, on tente d’améliorer les matériaux et d’en trouver de nouveaux pour fabriquer ce donton a besoin.
B1-2-2 / L3 instructional / Mission: Can you guess when humans first use these materials in products? / Your Mission: Guess when humans first used these materials in products. / Votre mission: Deviner quand les humains ont commencé àutiliserces matériaux pour fabriquer des produits.
B1-2-2-1 / Flip panel group1 / Ceramics
- ceramic tile – 14,000 BC
- glass - 8000 BC
- brick – 10,000 BC
- Ceramic tile – 14,000 BCE
- Brick – 10,000 BCE
- Glass – 8,000 BCE
- Carreau de céramique –14000 avant notre ère
- Brique –10000 avant notre ère
- Verre –8000 avant notre ère
B1-2-2-2 / Flip panel group2 / Metals
- copper jewellery - 8,000 BC
- gold– 6,000 BC
- aluminum - 1825
- Copper jewellery – 8,000 BCE
- Gold beads – 4500 BCE
- Aluminum – 1825
- Bijoux en cuivre –8000 avant notre ère
- Perles en or –4500 avant notre ère
- Aluminium – 1825
B1-2-2-3 / Flip panel group3 / Polymers
- fire wood – 1 million BC
- natural rubber ball – 1600 BC
- Bakelite plastic e.g. – 1907
- Spandex - 1959
- Firewood – 1 million BCE
- Natural rubber ball – 1600 BCE
- Bakelite plastic – 1907
- Spandex – 1959
- Bois de chauffage – 1 000 000 avant notre ère
- Balle en caoutchouc naturel – 1600 avant notre ère
- Plastique bakélite – 1907
- Élasthanne – 1959
B1-2-2-3 / Flip panel group4 / Composite:
- felt – 20,000 BC
- plywood – 3400 BC
- optical fiber – 1970
- Felt – 20,000 BCE
- Plywood – 3400 BCE
- Optical fibre – 1970
- Feutre – 20000 avant notre ère
- Contreplaqué – 3400 avant notre ère
- Fibre optique – 1970
B3.Material test lab
B3 / L2 title / Material test lab / Be a Materials Scientist! / Découvrez la science des matériaux!
B3 / L2 text / Mission: experiment to discover which materials have the properties that best meet our specific needs and wants.
Materials have a set of attributes, or properties such as density, strength, toughness, elasticity that make them perfect, or not, for the objects that we need and want in our lives. / Materials can be strong, dense, flexible, rigid, stretchy, bouncy, and more. Each of these properties makes a material perfect for some products, but a poor choice for others. / Solides, denses, flexibles, rigides, élastiques…Chaque matériau a des propriétés quien font un bon choix pour fabriquer certains objets, et un mauvais choix pour d’autres.
B3-1 / L3 title / Hockey sticks / Hockey sticks: Strength and flexibility face off! / Bâtons de hockey: Solidité et flexibilité se disputent la victoire
B3-1 / L3 instructional / Bend the sticks to test flexibility. / Your Mission: Bend these hockey sticks to test how flexible they are. / Votre mission: Plier ces bâtons de hockey pour tester leur flexibilité.
B3-1 / L3 Shout-out / Flexibility - how far an object can bend, without breaking. (“deform in the direction of applied force”) / Flexibility: How far an object can bend without breaking / Flexibilité: à quel point on peut plier un objet sans le briser
B3-1 / PrCap1 / Wood (polymer) / Wood (polymer) / Bois (polymère)
B3-1 / PrCap2 / Aluminum (metal) / Aluminum (metal) / Aluminium (métal)
B3-1 / PrCap3 / Carbon fibre (composite) / Carbon fibre (composite) / Fibre de carbone (composite)
B3-2 / PrCap4 / Glass (ceramic) is not very flexible and breaks easily! / Glass (ceramic)
What would happen if you tried to bend this? / Verre (céramique)
Qu’arriverait-il si on essayait de plier ce bâton en verre?
B3-1-1 / PrCap / Erik Karlsson chose this composite hockey stick made of …. because of its …. What materials are in your hockey stick? / Prop / Accessoire
B3-1-2 / PCap1 / Carbon fibre is the most flexible and also strongest, hockey players love it! / Hockey players love carbon fibre hockey sticks because they are strong and flexible. / Les joueurs de hockey ont un faible pour les bâtons en fibre de carbone,car ils sont à la fois solides etflexibles.
B3-1-2 / PCredit1 / Credit: Ottawa Senators / Ottawa Senators / Sénateurs d’Ottawa
B3-2 / L3 title / Bouncey balls / Bouncy balls: Leaping for elasticity / Balles rebondissantes: une élasticité qui saute aux yeux!
B3-2 / L3 subtitle / How high a ball can bounce is largely determined by how good is its elasticity. / How high a ball can bounce depends on its elasticity. / La hauteur qu’une balle peut atteindre en rebondissant dépend de son élasticité.