Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol 1, No 4, pp 31-32, 2003
Copyright © 2003 Trakia University
Available on line at:
http://www.uni-sz.bg
ISSN 1312-1723
Original Contribution
AUTOMATIC CONTROL IN PLANT IRRIGATION ACCORDING TO SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT
İsmail Becenen
Trakya University , Edirne Vocational College , Electrical Programme, Turkiye
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to increase the amount of production by giving the plants enough water and is to prevent absorbing more water unnecessarily. Moreover, soil and plants are irrigated by automatic controlled system according to soil moisture content by adjusting circuits which are used depending on kinds of plants.
Key words: Automatic Irrigation, Moisture Content, Production
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INTRODUCTION
Today, automatic controlled irrigation should be done according to soil moisture content, especially in greenhouse, garden etc irrigation instead of classical irrigation systems. Using automatic controlled irrigation provides time and water saving, and plants absorb water they need. As a result, the amount of the production increases (1-4).
Water amount used in agricultural irrigation is approximately 2/3 of world water consumption.
Productivity is increased if irrigation is done suitable for agricultural irrigation method. If we consider that world population increases rapidly, in parallel, agricultural production should also increase.[.] Increasing agricultural production can be possible by enlarging irrigation area. Because of this, it is necessary increasing effective irrigation, doing it consciously and giving sufficient water to the soil for the plant. This will be done by using automatic controlled irrigation.
Irrigation is done automatically, as shown in Figure 2, whenever plants need water. It is necessary to plan irrigation system, to install it and to define the principles of execution in order to manage irrigation effectively. If it can’t be done automatically according to soil moisture content, irregular water distribution occurs in soil, some parts contain more water than other. For that reason, these both situations effect plants negatively. It is obvious that the facilities of using irrigation methods should be supplied for farmers who are among 800 000 hungry people in the world.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Circuit Diagram and Its Execution
Figure 1 shows feed circuit used in automatic irrigation according to moisture content.
Figure 2 shows irrigation circuit according to moisture content.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Examining the running of a circuit; ULN 2803 integration having opamp is an integration with transistor output . Prop points which provides transmission in soil are the number 6,7,8 points of integration . These points are used with positive (+) voltage. A potential difference occurs between input points of integration and positive (+) point and the roll gains energy and closes circuit. Solenoid valves gains energy and water running starts. When sufficient irrigation is done , between positive (+) voltage and irrigated input points , roll as positive input points stays without energy because of water in soil and opens circuit and solenoid valves stay without energy, so water running to soil stops..
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CONCLUSIONS
This circuit has an adjustable characteristic of input sensibility and provides needed irrigation to soil automatically. We can do manual irrigation by pressing buttons in this circuit. This circuit works whenever the soil needs water, otherwise it doesn’t work. This circuit protect itself at high current and tension, and alert lead blinks as a warn. If automatic controlled soil irrigation is done by this circuit, the amount of production will increase.
REFERENCES
1. The TTL Data Bokk for Desing Engineers,Texas Insturments
2. MOS G.L. , Tocci R.J., Digital Systems Principles and Applications , 1991
3. Şensoy R., Ercan Ö., Cangir A. O., Elektronik Atölye II , 1991
4. Serçe S., Analog Elektronik Deneyleri, 1990
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Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol.1, No 2, 2003
[.]*Correspondence to: İsmail Becenen, Trakya University , Edirne Vocational College , Electrical Programme, Turkiye