Topic: MATTER and Its PHASES

Essential Question: What is matter and how does MATTER change from one phase to the next?

QUESTIONS: / Matter- It’s what the world’s made of. Ex. __desk______; ______water______; plants
n  Matter is anything that has ___Mass______and ___Volume______
n  Mass is the ____amount of matter______in an object
n  Units of mass:
1.)  mg – milligrams
2.)  g-grams;
3.)  kg- kilograms –SI unit
n  Weight – force exerted on an object due to ___gravity______
-  Is equal __mass x acceleration__ due to gravity (9.8m/s2) on earth
n  Volume – is the ___space______the matter takes up
Units of volume:
1.)  L- liters à SI unit
2.)  mL – milliliters
3.)  cm3 – cubic centimeters
4.)  gallons
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4 Phases of Matter:
1.  SOLIDS à Solids hold their own ___definite shape_____.
è  Particles are __packed tightly together______
è  Have very ___little ENERGY______
è  Examples: __rock______; ____concrete__; ___cement___
2.  LIQUIDS à Liquids take the ____shape/form of container_.
è  Particles are ___loosely packed______
è  Have __Medium Energy____ levels
è  Examples: __water______; _soda______; __vinegar__
3.  GAS à gases ____spread out____ to fill the entire space given
è  Particles move ____freely_____
è  Have __high level______of energy
è  Examples: ___carbon dioxide___; ___oxygen____; __Nitrogen_____
4.  PLASMA à are _____electrically______charged
à Have ___extremely ___high__ __Energy__
Levels
è  _Lightning______is a plasma
è  Used in fluorescent __light_ ____bulbs______and ___neon______lights
è  Plasma is a lot ___like______gas______but the particles are electrically charged.
è  Phase in which matter is extremely high in energy, and
cannot be contained by ordinary matter, __very __
_____rare_ on Earth.
ENERGYà determines the State of Matter. (Copy the diagram- see the board)
ADDITION of ENERGY to MATTER:
When ENERGY is added, particles move _Faster______!
When energy is taken away, particles move ____Slower______!
a.)  SOLID + Energy = ____LIQUID_____
Examples: _____ice to water______
b.)  LIQUID + ENERGY = ____GAS______
Examples: ___water to water vapor (boiling)_____
c.)  GAS + Energy = ___PLASMA______
Example: ___metals heated__
REMOVAL of ENERGY from MATTER:
a.)  Plasma – Energy = ______GAS______
b.)  Gas – Energy = ______LIQUID______
c.)  Liquid – Energy = ______SOLID______
PHASE CHANGES of MATTER:
a.)  __Freezing______àphase change from liquid to solid
b.)  __Melting______à phase change from solid to liquid
c.)  __Condensation____ à change from gas to liquid
d.)  ___Vaporization______à change from liquid to gas
e.)  __Evaporation_____ à vaporization that takes place at
the surface of a liquid.
f.)  ___Sublimation______à change from the solid phase directly to the gas phase.
Ex. Solid Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry ice sublimes
g.)  Ionization – gas to plasma
h.)  Recombination – plasma to gas
TO
FROM / Solid / Liquid / Gas / Plasma
Solid / N/A / Melting / Sublimation / N/A
Liquid / Freezing / N/A / Vaporization
Evaporation
Gas / Deposition / Condensation / N/A / Ionization
Plasma / N/A / N/A / Recombination / N/A