TOPIC 2: Consuming Resources

UNIT 2

TOPIC 2: Consuming resources

BOTTISHAMVILLAGE COLEGE GEOGRAPHY GCSE

CASE STUDY LIST;

Below write down the main case studies that you have covered in this booklet, put a title and then make 3 lines of brief notes on the case study.

THIS IS INVALUABLE FOR YOUR REVISION

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CONSUMING RESOURCES

1. a) Using the 10 photos on the powerpoint complete the table below;

What is the resource? / How might it be useful? / Is it renewable or non-renewable?
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10

Resources can be split up into 3 different areas;

RESOURCES

Natural resources Human resources Material or

capital resources

1. b) Define natural resources;

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1. c) Availability of resources;

Definition Examples

Non renewable resources / ………………………………………………………………………
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Sustainable resources / ………………………………………………………………………
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Renewable, sustainable resources / ………………………………………………………………………
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Cost Benefit Analysis;

d) What is a cost benefit analysis?

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e) Why might it be useful?

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Cost benefit of 3 resources

f) Complete the table cost benefit analysis for the three resources below, use p153 to help you from Evolving Planet.

Tar-sand oil

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Biofuels

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Solar Energy

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TASK – Exercise Book

Image you live in a country with an estimated amount of oil left for 50 years. Once this runs out that is it. Which of the 3 options below will you choose to present to your cabinet as the best way forward (remember to explain why you think that your option is the best way forward for your country);

1) Invest in alternative forms of energy for your country, i.e. build more wind farms, more

2) Buy resources from abroad, there are plenty of other countries that have lots of resources that are willing to sell and export the oil to you. Then in 50 years time you will have loads of oil and other countries will start to run out.

3) Do nothing and just wait and see what happens; besides you won’t be running the country when it all runs out!

Benefits / Costs

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In your opinion where does Wind Energy come on the cost benefit line below;

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The ‘haves’ and ‘havenots’ – variations in natural resources

2. a) Find the words from the powerpoint in the puzzle below;

W V C X C V O Q F W E N A O K

I T I N N T C V L C N H Y L V

N T R S A D Z B R S H G Z B H

D U T E P N E U A A S D K F H

L W C B E A O L D L J P O P V

N D E L I S R J R L J N V I U

C A L T E R N A T I V E U V P

B D E R Q A E M I S S G D A B

O G O Y X T R N F L O J A F N

T P R R A U Z E E U A C Y N D

C U D A Y G V U N W N N S G D

C S Y F L N F J E A A B Z F X

L T H E M O U D B J B B K E R

E N S T I J S B G X M V L R W

J B N B T L B H M S E D H E F

2 b) Use the world mapper website to find 3 maps, print them off, stick them below and then describe them.

Have and have not facts;

2. c) Use p154 and 155 to write out some have and have not facts;

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2. d) Do you think that this system of have and have not’s is fair? What could you do to make it fairer for everyone in the world?

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HOMEWORK:Oil detectives!How much oil do different countries supply and consume (use) ?

Use the CIA World fact book on line to complete the tables below (i.e. google ‘cia world fact book’, click on the country you want to look at (e.g. Saudi Arabia) and then click on the economy tab)

Oil production / World Rank / Oil consumption / World Rank / Gross Domestic Produce (GDP) / World Rank
Saudi Arabia
United States of America
Bangladesh
Brazil
Your own choice

GLOBAL RESOURCE CASE STUDY: Oil – The supply and demand of it

Oil Reserves – how much is left in the world?

No one is exactly sure how much oil is left in the world because we are constantly digging for more oil reserves. However good estimates at the end of 2007 provided the following data in billions of barrels;

Asia Pacific / North America / South and Central America / Africa / Europe and Eurasia / Middle East
41 / 69 / 111 / 118 / 144 / 755

3 a) Use the data to draw a bar graphbelow;

b. What is meant by Peak Oil?

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3. c. Use an Atlas to mark the top 10 countries with the highest oil reserves below.

d. Describe the distribution of these 10 countries? (is there a pattern?)

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Oil and the Future – Where next?

4) a. Watching the video clip what do young Chinese want to have when they grow up?

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b. What impact will this have on oil?

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People and Cars - Pressure of future supply and consumption of oil

c. Describe the trends in the graph above

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Two implications of cars on oil

d. Choose either the Nano or the Edge from the two articles above and explain how these cars will have an impact on the production of oil.

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e. Study the table below;

i) What do you notice about the location of these cars?

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ii) What will be the negative impacts be of these cheap new cars?

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Can the increasing population growth be sustainable?

(i.e. is there going to be enough food and resources to feed an ever increasing world)

5. a) Find the words on the powerpoint below;

U C S E X P X C E I Z G P Y Z B B V P B

U S X P M K L S A G S D C D E V G W B Z

S U S T A I N A B L E R Q N L Q G E X I

V P S R E X W A S H I O E T B I T I B U

L P N C F O F E N T O F T D A U S M C C

H L J D R C M J C A I P O H W R F B S D

Z Y L N H R F G M T K C N R E P S E N G

I F D O U A I Q Z A T T S S N R Y A B K

K G G R E B N F S I S U E S E I M L N Q

D G Z V O Q I V K N B R J G R E A A P D

T C K H N G T O M J V N T L D C Z K L C

P A Z O X S E F F E L I X X K E M B M G

J T K N O C O N S U M I N G U D T E W Z

H V I C N E V L R T E H O B X K T N I E

Q L A E C F B Z A Z C L Z K P H Z I Y K

J A N W Q O D H C R D R U V A U A P V L

C M F I O U I K K N J T Y P R E M B P W

H O V K H Z J N I Z A A J H A P P C X V

J L C W X I J W L A U X J B I P U M D Z

G O B A X J J F J D Y A G Q Z N M E H H

Theories on Population Growth and resources;

1)Thomas Malthus

2)Esther Boserup

TASK:

b. You need to produce an A3posterin pairs for people who are not aware of the issues of population and decreasing resources. The poster needs to highlight the two different theories of Malthus and Boserup as well as making sure you include some of the information we have already looked at about resource supplies and remands.

REMEMBER:Make sure you include graphs, facts, diagrams and pictures as well as lots of colour as the best ones will go on the wall!

Reducing the demand for resources

8. a) How can we reduce the demand for resources?

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b) What is sustainable development?

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c) i) How can individuals take action to reduce resource demand?

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c) ii) How can corporations (companies) take action to reduce resource demand?

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TASK;

You work for the local branch of Greenpeace and you have been asked by your boss to produce a leaflet that will be sent to local people and local businesses to try to get them to use less precious resources.

HINT – use some of the ideas on p162 as well as some of the local solutions that you have seen on the video to help suggest ways people and companies can reduce their use of resources.

Does technology hold the answer to reducing resources?

Opinion lines

9. a)Mark on the lines below how effective you think the different methods of reducing resource use are;

i) Encourage more people to cycle;

-50 5

ii) Recycling more plastic items;

-50 5

iii) Encourage more people to buy fewer clothes;

-50 5

iv) Putting higher tax on food items that have come from outside Europe.

-50 5

v) Building better designed buildings

-50 5

EXAM QUESTION:

To what extend can technology help stop the world from running out of resources?

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APPENDIX ONE: Tata Nano newspaper article

The Times online January 11, 2008

Tata Nano - world's cheapest new car is unveiled in India

A team of 500 people worked on creating the Nano - Tata aims to prove that India can compete on the world market as an innovative car maker

It is 3 metres long, seats four comfortably or five at a squeeze, does 65mph and aims to revolutionise travel for millions. The “People’s Car” is also the cheapest in the world at 100,000 rupees (£1,300) – the same price as the DVD player in a Lexus.

The Nano, from Tata, the Indian conglomerate bidding for Jaguar and Land Rover, was unveiled at the Delhi Auto Expo yesterday to music from 2001: A Space Odyssey. Ratan Tata, the company chairman, harked back to the first flight by the Wright Brothers and the Moon landing as he revealed the cute, snub-nosed hatchback that will allow millions in India’s emerging middle classes to buy a car for the first time.

The aluminium shell contains a rear-mounted 33bhp two-cylinder petrol engine and weighs about half a tonne. The standard version comes with the vital features: brakes, a four-gear manual transmission, seatbelts, locking, wind-down windows and a steering wheel. A small boot could store a duffel bag. It lacks a passenger-side mirror and has one windscreen wiper. The deluxe version will have air-conditioning while extras such as a radio and an airbag could be added.

Top of Form

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Top of Form

Bottom of Form

The car is the culmination of five years’ research and input from across the world, including Italy and Germany. But it was designed and made in India, defying expectations that a company best known for its elephantine lorries could manufacture a cutting-edge passenger product.

A team of 500 engineers worked on the car, to be produced at a plant in West Bengal. In an effort to allay fears that something so cheap could not be safe, Mr Tata said that it had passed a full-frontal crash test in India and was designed to sustain further impact testing under European standards.

Tata cut costs by minimising components, particularly steel, and taking advantage of India’s low production costs. Because of its size, it uses less sheet metal, has a smaller and lighter engine than other cars, smaller tube-less tyres and a no-frills interior. The company has applied for 34 patents to cover its innovations. “We shrunk it, made the engine smaller and used fewer materials but we haven’t taken any shortcuts in term of safety or emissions,” Mr Tata said.

The car will be sold first in India from the second half of this year, with an initial annual production run of 250,000, but it is expected to be made available in Latin America, SouthEast Asia and Africa. It could find its way to Europe in a few years but enhancements to meet higher standards would raise the price considerably.

The Nano, at its most basic, is roughly half the price of the cheapest car available today. China’s QQ3Y Chery and India’s Maruti 800 are both about £2,550. The idea of millions of Nanos on the road alarms environmentalists. Rajendra Pachauri, the chief UN climate scientist, said last month that he was “having nightmares” about it.

Green campaigners point to India’s terrible road system and rising pollution levels. “Even if they claim it will be fuel efficient, the sheer numbers will undermine this,” Vivek Chattopadhyaya, an air pollution specialist at the Centre for Science and Environment in Delhi, said. “India’s infrastructure doesn’t have the capacity.” The centre estimates that the five million vehicles on Delhi roads today meet only a fifth of the capital’s transport needs. Most people travel by bus but could be convinced to buy a car at such a low price. Delhi, where air pollution levels are more than twice the safe limit, is already registering 1,000 new vehicles a day. As more cars hit the road, the average speed at peak times has fallen to 7mph, which should at least ease concerns about safety in case of accidents.

As Greenpeace activists outside the show held banners demanding “Cut CO2 emissions”, Mr Tata dismissed environmental concerns. He said that his car, which does 50 miles to the gallon, would conform to all emission standards in India and Europe. “We need to think of our masses. Should they be denied the right to an individual form of transport?” he asked.

This for £1,300 . . .

Top speed 65mph
Engine rear-mounted 623cc, 33bhp multipoint fuel injection engine
Transmission continuous variable transmission
Fuel consumption 50mpg
Body sheet metal with crumple zones
Extras air conditioning and airbag optional. No radio, no power steering, one windscreen wiper