TOPIC 1: Biochemistry and the Molecules of LifeName: ______

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. What does it mean for a compound to be organic?
  2. Water is (circle one) polar / nonpolar because the electrons are not evenly shared.
  3. What are two properties of water?
  1. What is the difference between a monomer and polymer?
  2. Dehydration synthesis ______water to ______a bond, while hydrolysis ______water to ______a bond.
  3. Carbohydrates have a ___: ___: ___ ratio of the elements C:H:O. Carbohydrates are the main ______source for a cell.
  4. What are the two monomers of lipids?

  6. Lipids make up the majority of the cell ______.
  7. Nucleic acids have the following elements: ______. Nucleic acids store our ______.
  8. Amino acids (the monomers of a protein are made up of what three parts?

  10. How do enzymes act as biological catalysts?

Macromolecule / Elements / Monomer and polymer / Roles
Carbohydrates / CHO / Monosaccharide/ polysaccharide / Quick/main source of energy
Lipids / CH and a little O / Glycerol and fatty acid/lipid / Long-term source of energy; cell membrane
Nucleic acids / CHOPN / Nucleotide / nucleic acid / Genetic material
Proteins / CHOSN / Amino acid /polypeptide or protein / Structure and enzymes

TOPIC 2: Cells and Cellular Organization

Please use the Khan Academy Parts of a Cell video to guide you

  1. What structure defines a cell? ______
  2. What do we a call an organism that does have a nucleus? ______
    What do we call an organism that does not have a nucleus? ______
  3. What are two examples of prokaryotes? ______
  1. What are three types of eukaryotes? ______
  2. Ribosomes help to make ______for the cell
  3. The fluid in the cells is called the ______(aka cytoplasm)
  4. The Endoplasmic reticulum connects to the ______Bodies
  5. The section of the Endoplasmic Reticulum with attached ribosomes is called the ______ER
    The section of the Endoplasmic Reticulum without ribosomes is called the ______ER
  6. When a protein leaves the Golgi Bodies, what does it take with it? ______
    This piece will help it float around in the cell and fuse with the cell membrane.
  7. What items could be stored in a vesicle? ______
  8. Lysosomes and lytic vacuoles do what? ______
  9. What is an organelle? ______
  10. Where do we turn sugars into ATP? ______
  11. What do plants use for photosynthesis? ______
  12. What do filaments do? ______

TOPIC 3: Cellular Transport

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. What 4 types of organisms have a cell wall?

  3. Diffusion moves molecules form a ______concentration to a ______concentration.
  4. True or false: after equilibrium is reached, molecules do not move anymore.
  5. In a hypotonic solution, there is a low solute / high water concentration outside a cell. Water moves ____ the cell.
  6. Circle one: Who does better in a hypotonic solution? PLANTS ANIMALS
  7. In a hypertonic solution, there is a high solute / low water concentration outside a cell. Water moves _____ the cell.
  8. In an isotonic solution, there is an ______solute / water concentration outside and inside a cell.
  9. Circle one: Who does better in an isotonic solution? PLANTS ANIMALS
  10. Facilitated diffusion needs the help of a ______to move large/charged molecules across a cell membrane.
  11. What type of molecule is the “facilitator” in facilitated diffusion? ______
  12. The only type of cellular transport to go AGAINST the concentration gradient is called ______.
  13. What important energy molecules allows active transport to happen? ______
  14. What happens to the shape of the protein when the ATP binds to it? ______
  15. What happens to the shape of the protein when the potassium ions bind to it? ______
  16. In the Na+ K+ pump, ______ions of sodium go through first. Then, _____ ions of potassium go through.

TOPIC 4: Cell Division

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. What are the three reasons that cells typically divide?

  3. Circle one: The longest phase of the cell cycle is INTERPHASE / MITOSIS
  4. G1 is about cells ______.
  5. How does a duplicated strand of DNA end up being identical to the original strand?
  6. The last stage of Interphase is ______.
  7. In mitosis, the goal is to get cells that are genetically ______. That is, we want to go 2N2N.
  8. Match the following Mitosis stages to what happens

___Prophasea. Chromosomes move to opposite ends of cell

___ Metaphaseb. Nucleus reforms, DNA loosens, last stage

___ Anaphasec. DNA condenses; nuclear breaks down

___ Telophased. Chromosomes line up in middle of cell

  1. What is the difference between plant and animal telophase/cytokinesis?
  2. What does meiosis do to the number of chromosomes? ______
  3. Meiosis goes from 2N ______, or from diploid  ______
  4. What is crossing over?
  5. When does crossing over happen? ______
  6. What is the idea of Independent assortment?
  7. When chromosomes fail to separate properly, it is known as ______.
  8. ______syndrome and Patau syndrome are results of nondisjunction.

TOPIC 5: Cellular Energy

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. What are examples of autotrophs?
  2. What are examples of heterotrophs?
  3. The most instant form of energy is known as ______.
  4. Why is ATP a high energy molecule?
  5. Complete the photosynthesis equation below

__CO2 + ___ H2O + ______/enzymes  C6H12O6 +___6O2

  1. If the photosynthesis equation is reversed, then it is the formula for ______.
  2. The ______dependent reactions and the light ______reactions make up photosynthesis.
  3. Place a “D” if the statement refers to the light dependent reactions and an “I” if it refers to the light independent reactions

____ water is split into oxygen, protons, and electrons

____CO2 is taken in and converted into carbohydrates

____ light energy is not needed

____ light energy is needed

  1. What initial process splits a molecule of glucose into 2 3-carbon molecules? ______
  2. What is the NET ATP yield from glycolysis? ______
  1. What are the two different types of fermentation mentioned?

  3. (Circle one) CO2 is created during electron transport chain / Kreb’s cycle
  4. In the electron transport chain, oxygen joins with electrons and protons to make ______.
  5. By going through glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, and Electron transport chain, a cell can make between _____ and ______ATP as opposed to just the 2 of glycolysis.

TOPIC 6: DNA and its processes

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. Label the three parts of a nucleotide to the right.
  2. DNA has ______strands and the bases ___denine, ___ymine, ___tosine, and ___uanine.
  3. RNA has _____ strand and the base ___racil instead of thymine.
  4. What are the functions of

mRNA?tRNA?rRNA?

  1. What are the three different processes that nucleic acid can do?
  1. What happens during replication?
  2. What happens during transcription?
  3. What does AUG code for? ______
  4. What do UGA, UAA, and UAG code for? ______
  5. What happens during translation?
  6. What is the biology definition of a mutation?
  7. What happens during
  8. Substitution mutation
  9. Insertion point mutation
  10. Deletion point mutation
  11. Duplication chromosomal mutation
  12. Deletion chromosomal mutation
  13. Inversion chromosomal mutation
  14. Translocation chromosomal mutation

Name: ______

TOPIC 7: Genetics

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. Match the vocab terms to their definitions.

_____ Dominant allele

_____ F1 generation

_____ F2 generation

_____ Genotype

_____ Gregor Mendel

_____ Heterozygous

_____ Homozygous

_____ P generation

_____ Phenotype

_____ Punnett Square

_____ Recessive allele

  1. A monohybrid cross looks at ______trait, while a dihybrid cross looks at ____ traits at the same time.
  2. What is Mendel’s idea of
  3. Dominance?
  4. Segregation?
  5. Independent Assortment?
  6. When the dominant allele does not completely mask the recessive allele, it is called ______dominance.
  7. What are two examples?
  8. When both alleles show up together (one is not really dominant over the other), it is called______.
  9. What are two examples?
  1. Sex-linked traits are those found on the ______chromosome, and show up more in (circle one) males / females
  1. What is genetic engineering?
  1. Pros?
  2. Cons?

TOPIC 8: Evolution

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. A process in which new species develop from pre-existing species is known as ______.
  2. TRUE or FALSE: There are always enough resources to support all organisms: ______
  3. What happens to the species that have the advantageous traits?
  4. b.
  5. What happens to the species that do NOT have advantageous traits?
  6. Explain why the INCORRECT section on the right IS incorrect
  7. What are the three different types of isolating mechanisms?

  9. A decrease in genetic variation caused by the formation of a new population by a small number of individuals from a larger population is known as ______.
  1. Describe the following pieces of evidence for evolution
  2. Fossils:
  3. Homologous structures:
  4. Analogous structures:
  5. Embryology:
  6. Biochemistry:
  1. What happens during gradualism? ______
  2. What happens during punctuated equilibrium? ______
  3. Give an example of
  4. Selective breeding: ______
  5. Inbreeding: ______
  6. Hybridization: ______

TOPIC 9: Ecology

Please use the Council Rock Video Podcast to guide you

  1. Write down the levels of ecosystem organization from smallest to largest
  2. ______make their own food, while ______eat other organisms for food.
  3. When you move up an energy pyramid, the amount of available energy (circle one) ↑ ↓
  4. What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
  5. What is the difference between abiotic and biotic factors?
  6. Explain the following organisms interactions
  7. Competition
  8. Predation
  9. Symbiosis
  10. Mutualism
  11. Commensalism
  12. Parasitism
  13. ______species are those that are naturally found in a location, while ______species are accidentally or purposefully introduced to a new area
  14. Explain the difference between
  15. Threatened
  16. Endangered
  17. Extinct
  18. What is succession?