słownictwo do stron 70/71 (Drive)
to be going to = iść coś robić/ zamierzać
to refer to= odnosić się do ( uwaga: AE „reefer” to skręta, joint)
spectacular= widowiskowy
similar= podobny
a lighthouse= latarnia morska
amazing= zdumiewający
the view= widok/ pogląd
to set off=wyruszać
to move around= ruszac się
Destination Australia
Most people’s image of Australiaconsists of not much more than theSidney’s Opera House, Ayers Rock and kangaroos. But these famous sightsare far from showing the countries cultural diversity. Australia offers great travel experiences, from the vast desertsof the outback and the wonders of the Great Barrier Reef to the cosmopolitan capital of Sidney.
Environment
Australia, a continent of its own and the world’s sixth largest country, is situated south ofIndonesia and Papua New Guinea between the Pacific and Indian oceans. Australia measures some 4000 kmfrom north to south. It covers an area of2,941,000 sq miles (7,618,000 km²) and is inhabited by about 23,000, 000 people. Its official capital is Canberra. The official language is English.
Most of the country is flat desert with very few people. The majority ofAustralia’s population lives mainly on the east and south-east coast. Australia has a very rich ecosystem, including such plants as eucalypt and gum trees, wattle and banksias, bottlebrushes , paper-barks and tea trees. Australia’s most outstanding feature are its marsupials,mammals that carry their young in a pouch, for exampleare the kangaroo, the koala and the wombat. Even more amazing is the platypus, an aquatic mammal laying eggs and possessing poisonous spur on its hind legs. Famous is the dingo, a wild dog that probably was introduced to Australiaby immigrantsfromAsia not much longer than 5000 years ago.
Among Australias birds are the famous and dangerous emu, and gaudy species such as parrots, cockatoos and kookabarras.
Dangerous animals include spiders, snakes and crocodiles.
History
The native people who arrived inAustraliaacross the seaviaIndonesia at least 50000 years ago are called Aboriginals. Australian Aboriginal society has the longest continuous cultural history in theworld. They are famous for the boomerang, the didgeridoo, their paintings, their oral tradition (the “songlines”) and their ability to survive in this barren country.
The first European who sailed along the Australians coast in the 17th century was a seafarer fromHolland: captain Abel Tasman. But nobody cared to colonize the continent for the next 100 years.
In 1770the British explorer Captain James Cook stopped at Botany Bay, now part ofSidney. He named this part of the country “New South Wales”. Shortly afterwards the British started to send “criminals” to Australia and started a “penal colony”. On January 26th 1788 the first 736 convicts banished fromEnglandto Australia landed atBotany Bay. Over the next 60 years, approximately 50,000 criminals were transported from Great Britain to the "land down under," in one of the strangest episodes in criminal-justice history.
Other settlers mostly fromGreat Britain arrived inAustralia. The first big boom set in in the 1850-s when gold was discovered. From then on immigration started for good.
Australia is a multicultural society. Until World war II Australians were mostly of British and Irish origin, but this has changed dramatically. Large immigration waves from Greece, Italy, the former Yugoslavia, Lebanon and Turkey followed after the war and there have been more and more arrivals from Asia recently.
Sport is the Australian religion. Aussies are leading champions in cricket, rugby, swimming and cycling. Other popular sports are basketball, yachting and soccer.
People
Kylie Minogue is the most popular pop singer from Australia. Actresses Nicole Kidman and Kate Blanchett are from “down under” as well, as is Mel Gibson. Famous Australian authors are J.M. Coetzee, Peter Carey and David Malouf.
Less well-known are its politicians, like Tony Abbott or Julia Gillard.
destination = kierunek/ miejsce przeznaczenia
to comprise/ to consist of (syn)= składać się na
the mainland= kontynent
numerous= liczny
the image=obraz
experience= przeżycie
vast= ogromny/ obszerny
desert= pustynia
the wonder= cud
the coral reef= rafa koralowa
environment= środowisko naturalny
including= w tym
outstanding= rzucający się w oczy/ wybitny
marsupials= torbaczy
mammals = ssaki
a pouch = torba
aquatic=wodny
a poisonous spur= trująca/ jadowita ostroga
gaudy= kolorowy
a spider= pająk
a serpent= wąż
oral= ustny
the ability= zdolność
barren= jałowy
to survive= przeżyć
a seafarer = żeglarz
to care to do sth.= zaimować sie czymś
the explorer= badacz
a penal colony= kolonia karna
to banish= wyslać na banicję
a convict= skazaniec
approximately=około
a settler = osadnik
for good= na dobre
origin= pochodznie
recently=ostatnio
Australia’s Coat of Arms Sidney Opera House
Ayers Rock= Uluru ( fill in the appropriate prepositions!! Or “as”)
.Uluru is located ______/1 central Australia. .The large sandstone rock formation is also known ______/2 Ayers Rock ______/3 honour ______/4 Sir Henry Ayers, who was a Premier ______/5 South Australia 1873. Uluru is listed ______/ 6 a World Heritage Area ______/6 both its natural and cultural values. It is sacred______/7 the Aboriginal people ______/8 the area. ______/9 different times the day, Uluru seems to change colour. The sandstone is infused ______/ 10 minerals that reflect the red light______/11 sunrise and sunset.
platypus dingo male (!!!) with his pups
emu cockatoo
kookaburra Australian king parrots
indigenous inhabitants of Australia
Abel Tasman’s voyages
Abel Tasman Captain James Cook
J.M Coetze Peter Carey David Malouf
Australian sheep dog
Aboriginal with didgeridoo Tony Abbott Julia Gillard
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