The Road to the Civil War (chapter 17)

US History

U.S. History
“The Road to the Civil War”

Ch. 17

Election of 1848

• Through the ______, the issue of slavery was steadily dividing the nation

• 1848 Zachary ______was elected President of the United States

• ______Soil Party emerged. They wanted to stop the expansion of slavery

Compromise of 1850

• 1849 California was ready to become a state and requested to be a ______state.

• Southern leaders threatened to leave the union, or ______, if this happened.

• South Carolina Senator John C. Calhoun pushed for ______

• Henry Clay devised a ______to hold the union together.

• Compromise of ______:

• California admitted as ______

• ______Slave laws strengthened

• New Mexico & Utah territories created with popular

______(voted on by the people) to decided slave issue

• Sept. 1850 the Compromise passed, and President Millard Fillmore (Taylor died in office) signed it into law.

Abolitionists

• ______gained numbers in the 1850’s

• The brutality of ______was widely known and helped increased support

• 1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe published “______Tom’s ______”

• A book about a kind ______with a cruel ______

• The book made ______view all ______in this light. Southerners were ______by the book.

Dred Scott

• ______was a slave that was purchased by a Missouri doctor.

• They moved to Illinois & the Wisconsin territory (______areas) and then back to Missouri

•______Scott ______for his freedom stating that since he was carried into free territories, he was a free man

• Case went to the ______Court.

• ______ruled that Scott was not free, b/c he was property and the Constitution protects property

• They also ruled that the Missouri Compromise was ______

• Under this ruling slavery was ______by the U.S. Constitution.

Kansas Nebraska Act

• Divided the Nebraska Territory into ______and Nebraska

• Slave issue would be decided by ______sovereignty.

• Proslavery & antislavery supporters flocked to the area to populate it and ______soon erupted. This became known as ______Kansas

• May 1856 ______supporters destroyed a town and killed ______antislavery supporters

• May 24, 1856, ______Brown (antislavery activist) retaliated by attacking and murdering ______proslavery supporters.

Republican Party

• 1854 the ______Party formed on the idea of keeping slavery from spreading to the West

• All southerners were ______

• 1856 Democratic candidate James ______was elected President

• One young ______was making a name for himself

• ______Lincoln challenged Senator Stephen Douglas for his seat in 1858.

• The two had a series of debates known as the Lincoln-Douglas ______

• Lincoln lost the election, but became a respected ______figure b/c of the debates

Harper’s Ferry

• Oct. 16, 1859 John ______and 18 followers captured an armory (storehouse for weapons) at ______Ferry, Virginia

• ______planned to arm slaves and lead a slave revolt

• Local militia held him at bay until ______. army and Marines arrived.

• Marines were led by Gen. ______E. Lee

• Ten of Browns men were killed. He was ______, tried, and hung.

• Northerners made Brown a ______and championed his cause

• Southerners viewed the attack as ______that they could not live safely in the Union.

Election of 1860

• ______Candidates ran

• ______split over slavery issue

• Southern Democrats nominated John C. ______

• Northern ______nominated Stephen Douglas

• Constitutional______Party (new) nominated John Bell

• Republican party nominated ______Lincoln

• Southerners threatened to______if Lincoln was elected

• Lincoln ______the election.

Secession

• Many southerners threatened ______, but many wanted to stay in the union

• Dec. 20, 1860 South ______seceded from the Union.

• Feb. 1861 MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, & TX also ______

• All seceded based on ______rights.

• Feb. 4, in Montgomery, AL, these states formed the ______States of America.

• They elected Jefferson ______, of MS, as their President

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