L 3 Humanities

C-4, 1584 to 1590

The POWER of understanding WORDS

You Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate and Create.

  1. Francis Drake – English sea captain who raided Spanish ships and circled the globe
  2. Colony overseas settlement ruled by the home country
  3. Charter – legal document that gives permission to explore, settle, and govern land
  4. Walter Raleigh – founder of the first English colony in North America, at Roanoke Island
  5. Philip Amadas – a leader of the first Raleigh expedition in 1584
  6. Arthur Barlowe – a leader of the first Raleigh expedition in 1584
  7. Sea dogs – Bold English sea captains who were given permission by Queen Elizabeth I to capture Spanish treasure ships laden with gold and silver
  8. Manteo – Native American (a Croatoan) who accompanied explorers back to England
  9. Wanchese - Native American (a Roanoke) who accompanied explorers back to England
  10. Sir Richard Grenville – leader of first expedition (but second voyage) to establish an English colony along the North Carolina coast
  11. Simon Fernandes – the pilot and guide for the first two Raleigh expeditions
  12. Thomas Harriot – a scientist on the second Raleigh expedition
  13. John White – member of Ralph Lane colony at Roanoke and leader of second expedition to Roanoke, which became the “Lost Colony”
  14. Ralph Lane – military leader of Roanoke colony after Richard Grenville returned to England for more supplies
  15. Wingina – an eventual leader of the Roanoke tribe who disliked the English and was angered by the actions of Ralph Lane. He planned to kill Lane but instead, was beheaded by Lane’s orders
  16. Speculation – a theory based on incomplete evidence
  17. Desolate – isolated, lifeless, or both
  18. Croatoan – tribe that was friendly to the John White Colony (1587)
  19. Lord of Roanoke – the title given to the Croatoan Manteo by Raleigh’s instructions for his loyalty and service to the English colonists
  20. Virginia Dare – the first English child born in the region of Virginia. She was the granddaughter of Governor John White
  1. Crusades – Military expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Christian holy places (the Holy Land) in the Middle East from the Moslems.
  2. Feudalism – A system of rule by local lords who were bound to a king by ties of loyalty. This system developed in western Europe during the Middle Ages.
  3. Johann Gutenberg – German printer who invented movable type.
  1. Martin Luther – A dissident monk who challenged some of the practices and dogma of the Roman Catholic Church, such as the sale of indulgences. He posted his 95 Theses on Wittenberg Castle and thus began the Protestant Reformation in 1517.
  2. Prince Henry the Navigator – A 15th century Portuguese prince who encouraged the advance of navigational knowledge and the development of Portugal’s trade with Atlantic islands and the African coast.
  3. Protestant Reformation – The movement begun by Martin Luther in 1517 that sought to reform abuses in the Roman Catholic Church. It unleashed forces that shattered the unity of Christians in Europe.
  4. Anglican Church – Another name for the Episcopal Church in America.
  5. Joint-Stock Company – A form of business organization used to establish the earliest colonies wherein the King would grant a charter for a monopoly over trade and colonization for a specific period of time, with the King receiving part of the profits as payment.