The Jackson Era (1824-1840) HOMEWORK/STUDY NOTES

Chapter 11 Section 3 – pages 336-341

  1. Define:

(a)South Carolina – the south felt they carried the burden of the tariff so they passed the Nullification Act, declaring the tariff illegal (pages 337- 338)

(b)Georgia– claimed the right to make laws for the Cherokee nation (page 339)

(c)Mississippi River – by the 1820, only about 125,000 Native Americans still lived east of the Mississippi (page 338)

  1. Identify:

(a) abomination - something that is hated (page 336)

(b)Tariff of Abominations - called this by the Southerners; the highest tariff in the nation’s history;. this new tariff benefitted Northern manufacturers by protecting them from foreign competition however Southern planters were hurt by the tariff because they sold their cotton in Europe and bought European goods in return – this high tariff meant southerners had to pay more for these imported goods (page 336)

(c)nullify – to cancel (page 337)

(d)nullification – the idea of a state declaring a federal law illegal (page 337)

(e)Nullification Crisis- angryabout the tariff, South Carolina, passed the Nullification

Act, declaring the new tariff illegal; Jackson was furious because he knew that

nullification could destroy the nation ; Jackson supported a compromise tariff

proposed by Henry Clay which would lower taxes but Jackson also asked Congress to

pass the Force Bill that would allow Jackson to use the army to enforce the tariff in

South Carolina; no other statesupported South Carolina and faced with Jackson firm

stand South Carolina gave in to thenew tariff (page 338)

(f) Sequoyah – was a Cherokee who created a written alphabet for his people; he adapted

Greek, Hebrew and English to create the 86 symbols of his Cherokee alphabet; the

Cherokee nation used the alphabet to write its constitution; Cherokee children learned

To read and write and they also published a newspaper using this alphabet (page 338)

(g)Indian Removal Act- Native Americans were forced to sign treaties agreeing to move

west of the Mississippi; whites thought the region was a vast desert and they did not

mind turning it over to the Native Americans; Jackson’s supporters got this Act passed

byCongress (page339)

(h) Trail of Tears - in 1838, the United States Army forced 15.000 Cherokees to leave

their land and homes by gunpoint; the Cherokees were forced to walk for hundreds of

miles into lands they had never seen before; they had little food or shelter; thousands

died, mostly children and the elderly- one out of every four Native Americans died

during this 116 day march (page 340)

(i) Seminole War- in Florida, the Seminoles (Native Americans), resisted removal from

theirland; they fought the United States army; this war lasted from1835 to 1842; it was

the costliest war waged by the government to gain Indian lands, in the end the

Seminoles were defeated (page 341)

  1. Define:

(a) states’ rights - the right of states to limit the power of the federal government

(page 337)

(b) secede - to withdraw (page 338)

  1. (a) How did northerners benefit from tariffs?

Northerners benefitted from tariffs ______(page 336)

(b) Why did southerners oppose tariffs?

Southerners opposed tariffs because______

______(pages 337 – 338)

  1. How did Jackson respond to the Nullification Crisis?

Jackson’s response to the Nullification Crisis ______
______(pages 337 -338)

  1. (a) How did the Cherokees try to protect their lands?

The Cherokees tried to protect their lands ______
______(pages 338-339)

(b) Why did they fail?

They failed because ______

______

______(pages 338-340)