The Impact of European Exploration and Colonization on Various World Regions

The Impact of European Exploration and Colonization on Various World Regions

Instructions: Read pages 156-158 in the CRCT Coach Book to answer the questions in the spaces provided.

1. When did Portuguese explorers begin exploration of Africa’s west coast? 1415

2. What did the Portuguese stand to gain by being able to get Asian goods for a cheaper price? They could make higher profits on trade

3. What religion did the Portuguese want to spread along Africa’s west coast?Christianity (more specifically Catholicism)

4. What Portuguese person established a naval observatory where students learned navigation?Prince Henry the Navigator

5. Where did the laborers come from who worked Henry’s sugar cane plantations?Africa

6. These people had no choice as to whether or not to work in the plantations, so were what kind of laborers?Slaves

7. Where was Henry’s plan for providing labor on plantations later copied? New World

8. What was the name given to the military expeditions sent by various Popes between 1096 to 1272 to capture the Holy Land from the MuslimTurks? The Crusades

9. Although these expeditions did not capture the Holy land, they did result in Western Europeans gaining the ability to draw bettermaps and build better ships, as well as to createtrade routes to bring products from the East to Europe.

10. By the fifteenth century, the major trade routes went to which two cities in Italy? Venice andGenoa

11. Which European countries were jealous of the huge profits made by these merchants? Portugal,Spain, France, and England

12. Which country established the earliest of the modern European colonial empires?Portugal

13. What was Portugal’s most profitable colony, and on what continent was this colony located?Brazil in South America

14. Where did Christopher Columbus believe he was when he actually landed in the Bahamas? Asia

15. What indigenous civilizations in South America did the Spanish conquer? Inca and Aztec

16. The goal of the Spanish conquistadors (conquerors) was to gain what? Wealth (gold)

17. England, Scotland and Wales united in the early 1700’s to form what? Great Britain

18. What two countries came to control North America during the 18th century? England and France

19. What continent did Great Britain also colonize? Australia

20. After what event did most of Great Britain’s colonies gain their independence? WWII

21. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which countries empire was the largest? Great Britain

22. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which countries empire was the second largest? France