12/1/14 and 12/2/14 pages 417-429 in textbook
INTRO TO THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS
I. SKELETAL SYSTEM
A. Five major functions
1. Gives ______and ______to the body
2. Protects internal ______organs such as brain
3. Major muscles attach to bones to help provide ______.
4. ______cells are formed in the bone marrow
5. Stores ______and phosphorous which makes bones hard
B. Major organs
1. ______-tough tight fitting membrane that covers the bone
2. Compact bone-gives the body ______
3. ______bone-open spaces that make bones lightweight (marrow)
4. ______-smooth thick flexible tissue that covers end of bone
II. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
A. Major Function-Provides ______
B. Two types muscles- ______are muscles you control
______are muscles you cannot control
Three types of muscles tissue-______-found in heart
______-found in stomach & blood vessels
______-found in muscles attached to bone
III. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
A. Function-to break down food into form the cells can use for ______
B. Parts of the digestive system where food enter are: ______to
esophagus to ______to ______intestine to ______intestine
Parts of digestive system food does not enter: Liver, gall bladder and
______<release enzymes (can openers) to help food break down>
IV. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
A. Funtion-to carry ______to all the body parts, carry ______
away, fight infections and help wounds ______
B. Parts of the circulatory system
- ______carry blood away from the heart
- ______connect the arteries to veins and allow nutrients and oxygen to diffuse into the cells
- ______carry blood back to the heart
- ______are the upper chambers of the heart (collecting chambers)
- ______are the lower chambers of the heart (pumping chambers)
- ______blood cells-carry oxygen or carbon dioxide
- ______clots blood
- ______blood cells-fight infections (war machines)
- ______carries nutrients
V. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
A. Function-______the blood and produces ______blood cells called lymphocytes
B. Parts of the system are the ______nodes, tonsils, thymus & ______
VI. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
A. Function-takes in ______and gets rid of the waste ______
B. Parts of the system include the pharynx, larynx, ______, bronchi,
lungs, and alveoli
VII. EXCRETORY SYSTEM
A. Function-to get rid of ______and toxins that could damage the
other systems and to regulate the fluid levels in the body. Example
is kidneys filtering blood and sending to bladder expelled from body
B. Parts of the system are ______, skin, lungs, liver, & large intestine
VIII. NERVOUS SYSTEM
A. Function-controlling and coordinating the body
B. Parts of the system:
a. Central nervous system-made up of the brain and ______cord
- The brain is made up of the ______(where thinking takes place and the largest part of brain), the ______(which coordinates your muscles and balance and located at back lower part of brain), and the brain ______(that connects the brain to the spinal cord. The medulla is part of the stem and controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting.)
- Spinal cord-carries ______from body to brain and brain to body
b. Peripheral nervous system-connects the ______and spinal cord to body.
IX. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (SKIN)
A. Function-______, sensory response, makes vitamin D, regulates body temperature, and rids body of ______.
B. Three layers of tissue
a. ______-outer layer containing melanin giving skin color
b. Dermis-layer of cells below epidermis containing vessels, nerves, muscles, oil and
sweat glands
c. Fatty layer-insulates the body
X. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A. Produces ______that regulate body changes
B. Parts of the system
Thyroid gland-controls rate food is changed into energy
Pituitary gland-controls other glands and body growth
Pineal gland-produces melatonin (hormone for waking and sleeping
Parathyroid gland-controls the amount of calcium in blood
Adrenal gland-produces hormone for when you are excited, angry or frightened
Thymus-helps the body's immune system
Ovaries-produces female characteristics
Pancreas-controls the body's use of glucose
Testes-Produces testosterone which controls male sexual traits