Early WWII Test

Book: pgs. 136- 139

-DefineFascism: ______

-Who Was/ Where… in WW2?

-The leader of Nazi Germany? ______

-The German Forces that fought in North Africa in WW2?______

-The Italian Dictator?______

-Neville Chamberlin:

Allies

-Britain

-France

-U.S

-Russia

-China

Axis

-Japan

-Germany

-Italy

SSgt. Henry E. Erwin (1922-2002)

-Radio operator ona B-29

-Duty was to light and drop smoke bombs

-Bomb back fired burning Erwin

-Smothered bomb and threw it out of the B-29

-Received Medal of honor

  • In 1997 the Henry E. Erwin Outstanding Enlisted Aircrew Member of the Year Award was created in honor of his brave actions

WWII Begins

-Germany began using its Luftwaffe (German Air Force)

- Used Blitzkrieg Warfare (lightening War):

- Dive Bombers

- Was first used on Poland (Sep 1939)

- Poland was crushed in 1 month

- Hitler soon double-crossed Soviet Leader Stalin and invaded the USSR

The Nazis

  • Believed that ethnic groups such as Jew’s were less human than Germans
  • Wanted to make more “living space” for the German master race by mass murdering
  • Responsible for the holocaust

Benito Mussolini:

  • Dictator of Italy
  • The face of Fascist
  • Forced Italy to have an alliance with Germany
  • Was turned on by his people and Italy switched to Allies

7 December 1941:

  • 7:55 a.m.
  • The territory of Pearl Harbor Hawaii (not a state at the time)
  • US was not prepared for an air attack
  • America was focusing on sabotage
  • US thought the attack would come by foot
  • Planned by Japanese Admiral Yamamoto
  • Damages:

- Destroyed 96 Army planes, 92 Navy planes, 159 aircraft crippled

- Sank the USS California, USS West Virginia, USS Arizona (left for a memorial)

- The Japanese did not attack any aircraft carriers in the US Pacific Fleet

Declaration of War:

  • US declared war on Japan the 8th of December 1941
  • 3 days later US declared war on Germany and Italy
  • US entered 2 years later than England

Doolittle Raid

-The Doolittle Raid, 18 April 1942, was the first air raid by the United States to strike a Japanese home island (Honshū) during World War II. It demonstrated that Japan itself was vulnerable to Allied air attack and provided an expedient means for U.S. retaliation for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December, 1941. The raid was planned and led by Lieutenant ColonelJames "Jimmy" Doolittle.

-Sixteen B-25B Mitchell bombers were launched from the aircraft carrierUSSHornet deep within enemy waters. The plan called for them to hit military targets in Japan, and land in China although one B-25 landed in Soviet territory and the crew was interned in the Soviet Union for more than a year. All 16 aircraft were lost and 11 crewmen were either killed or captured. The crews of 14 aircraft, in their entirety returned safely to the United States or to Allied control.

Battle of Midway

- The Battle of Midway was a major naval battle, widely regarded as the most important of the Pacific Campaign of World War II. It took place from 4June to 7 June 1942, approximately one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea and six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States Navy decisively defeated an Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) attack against Midway Atoll, inflicting irreparable damage on the Japanese carrier force and seizing the strategic initiative. This was the first significant naval battle in history in which the opposing naval vessels never got close enough to see each other.

The War’s Causes

-The root of the war lay in the end of WW1 (The Treaty of Versailles)

-Japan was the biggest power in the Far East, but they had few of the natural resources that a modern economy needed which caused them to look for ways to expand

-Germany was hurting because of the huge sums of money they were forced to pay Britain and France which damaged their economy

- Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist Party (the Nazis) won the 1933 election in Germany

-It was the most horrific war in history (more than 50 million people died)

-1932 the Great Depression threw millions of workers out of work around the world

Films

-Train Car

-Was where the Signing for peace at the end of the WW1

-Top Flight (Discovery Education)

-Pearl Harbor (Sept.

-1942: Jimmy Doolittle was to bomb Japan and his men all volunteered

-15 out of the 16 successfully hit the targets, no one had enough fuel to get to landing area and crashed (Didn’t make it to China like expected)

-It was a “Moral” victory not a military victory

-America in the 20th century

-Winston Churchill went to Boston to meet with FDR (World leaders agreed to focus on Germany and then on japan)

-Defeating Hitler was their top priority

-A lot occurred in Africa

-The Atlantic

-A must-win battle for allies to capture Europe

-Merchant Marines drove boats

-Cont.

-Violence lasted for 2 months

-German army suffered greatly

-Terror Bombing

-Bombings of Tokyo and Dresden killed more people

-Over a two-hundred-thousand