GENERAL IDEA
The dwelling object represents the integrated module containing the combination of several parts to be constructed on a place. The whole object can be transported by the automobile. This constructed module can be used as a part-time and constant accommodation.
The idea of this transforming dwelling object is based on bionical idea, which can be identified with the life of the living cell. The bionical idea reflects constructive, functional and art-aesthetic directions.
Cell division method consists in formation and further development of a branch cell. The transported trailer is a maternal cell in this case. The main aim of the construction in question is to reduce the module area at its transportation and achieve the maximal convenience at arrival on a place.
When the whole construction reaches the destinations, the automobile can be disconnected off the trailer. After that compressed-air supported casing can be blown out from the trailer by means of pressing the level placed in the house hold block off the trailer. The constructed object represents unified module consisting of a trailer and compressed air supported casing. More over, more than one casing can be blown out. Taking into consideration the customers’ will and application area (it can be used as one family or youth company accommodation, temporary house for refugees or even a hospital), the trailer set can include up to 3 casings.
Principle of Construction:
The sluice attached to the front part of a trailer is automatically put forward, when the trailer is delivered to a place. The hermetic compactly combined compressed-air supported casings are attached to the sluice. The casings are blown out on plane emergency gangways principle. This is a pump inside the trailer. It carries out the air supply inside the casing. In the result we have a constructed for 30-40 minutes, even without leaving it. The number of "bubbles" (casing) can be varied depending on the application area and amount of people intended to live there. Two – or four - seater casing can be used as a practical sleeping rooms. The trailer itself combines the functions of a kitchen and a sitting - rooms.
Advantages of a constructions:
1) Quickness of erection (can be blown out/off for 30-40 minutes);
2) Casing blowing without leaving the trailer;
3) Excellent outward appearance (a radio transparency, light - transparency of a compressed-air supported casing);
4) A high class of the safety, simplified requirements;
5) Collapsing impossibility (in extreme situations (e.g. at break) it is slowly blown off;
6) Wind resistance (tensile strength - 4-5 tons/m2)
7) Mobility (can be replaced to any place);
8) Facilitated foundation;
9) Polyfunctionality (from 1 up to 3 casings can be blown out);
10) The use of air casing irrespective of the trailer.
Advantages of blown-up constructions:
- Low price;
- Economy of electric power (as it is made of a light-conducting fabric);
- Installation/dismantling of the construction without experts attraction;
All these advantages can be reached due to the following constructions:
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRAILER
Length of the trailer - 6 m.
Width of the trailer - 2.5 m.
Height of the trailer - 2.7 m.
Speed of the trailer - 80 km / hour.
The trailer is made of metal - plastic panels warmed by mineral cotton wool URSA, ROCKWOOL. That’s why it can even be used in severe climate. Thickness of trailer walls is 5-7 sm. You can fined all necessary things for every-day life inside the trailer: kitchen with electric stove and built - in refrigerator, plasma TV, mirror, a biotoilet and shower, electric water heater, forced and natural ventilation, electric heating, huge windows on each side of the trailer walls and a light lantern providing illumination. In the evening illumination is carried out by means of lamps charged by solar batteries. So, the construction is steady, warm and high-quality.
The trailer is made of the following materials:
The best (and the cheapest at the same time) materials are used for the trailer parts. Roof and wall decoration can be made of steel or aluminum sheets, wood or plywood, cardboard or plastic. Polyfoam, foam rubber, glass wool can be used for heat - and sound insulation. Windows and ceiling lanterns can be made of organic glass (e.g. triplex).
Superstructure side walls can be made of panels; it is frames can be made of pine peeks, the outer side of the panel can be made of plywood. It is advisable to use more quality wood in the places of window and door setting. Door parts can be joined by any device. The frames must be made of a thin-walled angular material. As it has already been said, it’s better to use organic glass for windows. Towing-coupling device is to be done of thick-walled pipe welded from one end. The details of this device are similar to those of automobile.
Traffic safety is provided due to steady connection to the automobile. We have chosen the type of the trailer with rounded corners in odder to reduce air resistance. Metal frame of the construction has the most of the loadings. Dwelling block of the trailer is connected to this working block beneath this frame.
Approximate cost of the trailer - 20000€
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF COMPRESSED-AIR SUPPORTED CONSTRUCTION
This construction is mainly made at a factory.
Its blown-off form is of a small size. You’ll need just 0, 5% of the covered area for setting down the constructed object.
The size of the Compressed-air supported construction is the system of arch material layers and arch fastenings.
Pneumatic building construction is the system of arch material layers and arch fastenings. Carrying ability, firmness and outer loadings resistance are provided by superfluous pressure developed by forcing system of constant working. Such a kind of air-supported constructions allows reducing heating expenses on. In also prevents from the condensate formation during cold weather. But in hot weather the air movement between the casings prevents from heat penetration inside the building. Due to great air-exchange the temperature inside the casing (in hot weather) is 10 oC less than the temperature outside. Some extra heating devices can also be used to improve heat-conductivity. Dew to this factor these casings can successfully compete with stationary buildings.
Air layers between casing layers reduce thermal losses, so it provides diminishing of energy consumption and makes construction exploitation cheaper. Construction set can also include (according to customers’ order) compact systems of pressure stabilization.
The main material for casing construction is awning PVC fabric which should be cut out in such away that it could get the necessary form at the achievement of working superfluous internal pressure.
Material.
One of possible materials - NAIZIL SPORT COVER. The surface is protected from irradiation and atmospheric impacts. This sort of material provides unlimited light penetration. It’s characterized by the following features:
-Weight of external membrane: 720 - 1300 gr/m2;
-Weight of internal membrane: 520 gr/m2;
-Vertical/horizontals stretching - 28 kg;
-Frost-resistance (properties are preserved at to from -50 oC up to +70 oC)
-Confirmity to fire safety requirements:
Combustibility: group G1
Inflammability: group V2
Flame diffusion: group RP2
-Color: light orange (all other variants are possible).
-Bacterial/ultra-violet resistance.
-Fire resistance corresponds to DIN 4102131.
The basis of top layer is connected to the foundation by means of anchor fastenings.
Foundation.
Superfluous pressure inside the building makes it take off the ground. The foundation represents from this take-off. It consists of anchor piles twisted in ground.
Sluice Systems.
Sluice systems are used for movement inside compressed-air supported casing without pressure loss.
Power Units WORK.
Air stream passes the ventilator to the heater and then being heated up it comes through the channel inside the casing. Air – exchange system gets near 30-40 % of the internal air. It provides complete air exchange for 30-40 minutes and continuous circulation of heated air and uniform heating of a construction.
Adjusted level of internal temperature is automatically run by thermodes set inside the trailer and air submission channel. This scheme provides temperature constancy inside the construction irrespective of the temperature outside.
Thermo generator
It’s set in the household block of the trailer. Thermo generators can provide temperature variety up to 40 - 45°С.
It consists of ventilating device with centrifugal ventilator and air-heating device for air heating inside the air supported construction.
Main constituent elements of thermo generator:
-Heater (consist of 4-5 pipe rows (d=2-2, 5 mm) with aluminium plate framing).
-Ventilating device (similar to gas ventilating device): centrifugal ventilator, double working wheel, engine (380 V, 50 HZ).
-The whole construction is made of zineed metal.
The system is supplied with air regulation system for heat economy.
Automatically working jalousie is used for outside oxygen getting for maintenance the necessary oxygen level.
Reserve diesel device:
Placed in the household block of the trailer.
It consists of:
-Centrifugal ventilator with wedge-belt drive of diesel engine;
-Automatics block of device switching on/off;
-Signal system block;
-Block of parameter reflecting devices.
The diesel device allows to carry out emergency and planned of main thermogenerators without the casing blowing-off.
Types of electric power carriers: (for engineering supply system)
- electricity
- Diesel fuel
- Natural gas (gas torch)
- heating plant (heating radiators)
Illumination.
Due to high level of light-conductivity of the material there is no need to use some extra artificial illumination units in the daytime.
The most safe illumination scheme – setting of projectors on the platform surface or in special deepenings. In such cases having rummaged fabrics it is improbable, and quality of illumination does not suffer. At the Reflecting features of the fabric are used for "floor" or latent illumination devices. Illumination devices - projectors with iodine - metal lamps;
Capacity of iodine - metal lamps - 400 Watt.
Projector protection - IP66 (can be used for external use).
Projector body is made of aluminium and covered with thermoresistant paint.
Reflectors are made of anodized aluminium (99,8 % of the substance).
Glass thickness - 5 mm (thermo-/stoke resistant glass)
Cable witing corresponds to CEL norms.
Airgenerator - air casing connection.
The connection is carried out by means of special hermetic cannels (d= 80-100 sm) and hermetic sleevejoint. Return circulation main line is made of the same materials, but diameter is different - 40 sm.
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
- Complete air exchange for 30-40 minutes.
- Seam welding is carried out by special device by means of high current.
- Seam firmness - 100 %;
- Temperature mode of operation - from – 30 oC up to + 40 oC
- Extra warming by "Izolin" material is possible.
It should be mentioned, that insignificant superfluous pressure inside the casing helps to solve firesafety and security problems. The fireresistant material (is non-inflammable). It can only be fused at direct flame impact. At the same time superfluous internal pressure will prevent from smoke and flame spreading inside the construction. Pressure will act as the main security guard, as pressure reflector will signal in case of pressure drop.
It is also very important to know, that each construction of the dwelling object is completed by reserve emergency system of air submission which is automatically started in case of pressure drop inside the construction at de-energizing of the building.
In case of damage the casing can be easily repaired by means of special glues and welding.
Exploitation expense: Total exploitation expense (including heating and electric power is near 3€ for 1 m2 of the covered area per year.
GUARANTEE.
Material guarantee - 5-7 years.
Construction cost varies from 54 to 100 € per 1m2 (the size and the type of the construction define the total cost).
Mentioned above prices comprise the cost of casing material, heating equipment, the customs, delivery expense.
CONCLUSION
Summing everything up, we can say that the main advantages of this construction are its mobility, low expense for erection and delivery of this construction to a concrete place. In the result we have a universal dwelling module which size can be varied at transportation and getting to the destination point.