Exam 3 Practice Test
Renal & Digestive System
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader: / Victoria Hegstrom
Course: / AnS 214
Instructor: / Dr. Koltes
Date: / 3/26/18

RENAL SYSTEM

  1. How is Na+ reabsorbed?
  2. Osmosis
  3. Facilitated diffusion
  4. Active transport using ATP
  5. Diffusion
  1. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the:
  2. Major calyx.
  3. Nephron.
  4. Glomerulus.
  5. Loop of Henle.
  1. The glomerular capsule and glomerulus make up the:
  2. Collecting system.
  3. Renal corpuscle.
  4. Papilla.
  5. Loop of Henle.
  1. The most important factor affecting the glomerular filtration rate is:
  2. Blood hydrostatic pressure.
  3. Capsular hydrostatic pressure.
  4. Capsular osmotic pressure.
  5. Blood osmotic pressure.
  1. Which structure is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder?
  2. Urethra
  3. Papillary duct
  4. Renal pelvis
  5. Ureter
  1. Which substance would NOT normally be expected in urine?
  2. Protein
  3. Urea
  4. Sodium
  5. Chloride
  1. Arrange the following structures in the correct sequence in which urine passes through them to the external environment. (1) ureter, (2) renal pelvis, (3) calyx, (4) urinary bladder, (5) urethra
  2. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2
  3. 2, 4, 1, 3, 5
  4. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5
  5. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  1. Water can leave the ascending limb of the nephron loop.
  2. True
  3. False
  1. All of the following functions are carried out by the renal tubules, except:
  2. Production of Renin
  3. Reabsorption
  4. Secretion
  5. Formation of urine
  1. Which of the following is the countercurrent multiplier in the kidney?
  2. The vasa recta
  3. The nephron loop of a juxtamedullary nephron
  4. The proximal convoluted tubule
  5. Glomerular capsule around the glomerulus
  1. Which of the following is a function of the urinary system?
  2. Filter plasma
  3. Regulate blood pressure
  4. Regulate pH
  5. All of the above
  6. As Na is pumped out of the ascending limb in the Nephron loop, it causes:
  7. An increase in mOsm of the medulla that draws water out of the descending limb.
  8. A decrease in mOsm of the medulla that draws water out of the descending limb
  9. An increase in mOsm of the medulla that sucks water into of the descending limb
  10. A decrease in mOsm of the medulla that draws water into of the descending limb
  1. All of the species are correctly matched with their kidney shape EXCEPT:
  2. Cow = lobulated
  3. Pig = bean shaped
  4. Equine = lobulated
  5. All of the above
  1. What anchors the kidney to the abdominal wall?
  1. Renal Fascia
  2. Adipose tissue
  3. Greater Omentum
  4. Ureter
  1. Which is true about the cortical nephron?
  2. Primarily in the cortex AND the medulla
  3. Very long
  4. Major blood supply is the vasa recta
  5. None of the above
  1. What is the glomerular filtration rate?
  2. The rate at which glomerulus is replaced within the kidney
  3. The volume of filtrate formed per minute by both kidneys
  4. The amount of urine produced by the kidneys in one minute
  5. The volume of filtrate formed per minute by one kidney
  1. Under the myogenic mechanism what is occurring?
  2. Change in the dilation of blood vessels based on blood pressure
  3. Change in the dilation of the tubules based on blood volume
  4. Change in the volume of blood reaching the kidneys based on blood pressure
  5. Change in the volume of water leaving the kidneys based on blood volume
  1. Tubuloglomerular feedback monitors what ion?
  2. K+
  3. Cl-
  4. Na+
  5. Not an ion but the compound H2O
  1. Under what conditions do extrinsic controls take control of the glomerular filtration?
  2. Parasympathetic control
  3. At rest
  4. When blood vessels are dilated
  5. Under extreme stress
  1. What is the correct order of the process?

(1) Reacts with ACE to form Angiotensin II (2) Binds with Angiotensinogen (3) Stimulates reabsorption of salt and water in Kidneys(4) Signals thirst and release of aldosterone (5) Release of Epinephrine (6) Forms Angiotensin 1 (7) Triggers release of Renin

  1. 3, 5, 4, 6, 1, 2, 7
  2. 5, 7, 2, 6, 1, 4, 3
  3. 5, 6, 2, 7, 4, 1, 3
  4. 7, 6, 5, 2, 4, 1, 3
  1. What system regulates urine concentration and volume?
  2. Tubular secretion
  3. Tubular absorption
  4. Countercurrent Mechanism
  5. Extrinsic control
  1. The countercurrent mechanismprimarilyrelies on what kind of pressure?
  2. Hydrostatic Pressure
  3. Osmotic Pressure
  4. Both A and B
  5. Neither A or B
  6. What is mainly reabsorbed in the collecting ducts?
  7. Water
  8. Hormones
  9. Mainly secretion occurs in the collecting ducts
  10. Nothing is reabsorbed in the collecting ducts

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

  1. Which of the following is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?
  2. Salivary glands
  3. Teeth
  4. Tongue
  5. Intestines-alimentary canal
  1. The phases of gastric secretion from first to last are:
  2. Gastric phase, cephalic phase, intestinal phase.
  3. Intestinal phase, gastric phase cephalic phase.
  4. Cephalic phase, gastric phase, intestinal phase
  5. Cephalic phase, intestinal phase, gastric phase.
  1. The ______is the first segment of the small intestine.
  2. Ileum
  3. Duodenum
  4. Ilium
  5. Jejunum
  1. Digestion of carbohydrates and proteins by brush border enzymes occurs within the ______of the small intestine.
  2. Villi
  3. Microvilli
  4. Circular folds
  5. Goblet cells-mucus production
  1. Bile is stored and concentrated in the ______.
  2. Gallbladder
  3. Stomach
  4. Liver-produces bile
  5. Pancreas
  1. In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the:
  2. Duodenum
  3. Pancreas
  4. Stomach
  5. Gallbladder
  1. What is the main organic molecule digested in the stomach?
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Carbohydrates
  5. Nucleic acids
  1. What is the phase where voluntary contraction occurs in the esophagus?
  2. Pharyngeal-esophageal phase
  3. Buccal phase
  4. Cephalic phase
  5. Gastric phase
  1. Which regulatory chemical (AKA HORMONES) stimulates gastric gland activity and motility?
  2. Gastrin
  3. Secretin
  4. Histamine
  5. CCK
  1. The final product of carbohydrate digestion is:
  2. Glycogen
  3. Polysaccharides
  4. Monosaccharides
  5. Disaccharides
  1. What is the primary substance used for energy production in the ruminant animal?
  2. Long Chain Fatty Acids
  3. Short Chain Fatty Acids
  4. Lipids
  5. Carbohydrates
  1. Which of the following cells produce HCl?
  2. Parietal cells
  3. G cells
  4. Chief cells
  5. Enteroendocrine cells
  1. Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen?
  2. G cells
  3. Enteroendocrine cells
  4. Parietal cells
  5. Chief cells
  1. Trypsinogen is activated to trypsin by this brush border enzyme:
  2. Maltase
  3. Enterokinase
  4. Aminopeptidase
  5. Procarboxypeptidase
  1. The functions of the liver include all of the following EXCEPT:
  2. produce bile.
  3. storing glucose as glycogen.
  4. producing vitamins A, C and K.
  5. degrading toxins and drugs from the blood.
  1. Parasympathetic stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract will maintain normal peristalsis and gastric secretions.
  2. True
  3. False
  1. Monogastric salivary glands produce all of the following EXCEPT:
  2. mucin
  3. salivary pepsin
  4. saliva
  5. Bicarbonate
  6. salivary amylase
  1. Which correctly lists the four compartments of the ruminant stomach?
  2. Ventriculus, rumen, abomasum, reticulum
  3. Rumen, abomasum, omasum, promasum
  4. Abomasum, omasum, rumen, true stomach
  5. Rumen, abomasum, omasum, reticulum
  1. What is ruminant saliva lacking that Monogastric saliva contains?
  2. Protease
  3. Urea
  4. Salivary Amylase
  5. Large amounts of water
  1. Which is NOT a short chain fatty acid produced and absorbed in the rumen?
  2. Pectate
  3. Acetate
  4. Propionate
  5. Butyrate
  1. What does the bile that liver produces NOT contain?
  2. Bile salts
  3. Bilirubin
  4. Cholesterol
  5. Protein
  1. Which sphincter is under skeletal muscle control?
  2. Cardiac sphincter
  3. External anal sphincter
  4. Pyloric sphincter
  5. Internal anal sphincter
  1. Which is NOT a main property of the digestive tract?
  2. Motility
  3. Secretion
  4. Storage
  5. Host Defense