Test Reformation and Religious Wars

REFORMATION AND RELIGIOUS WARS: MC Exam

1.Why did Martin Luther escape severe punishment at the Imperial Diet of Worms?

A.Luther was German and had protection as a subject of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.

B.Luther did not insist on receiving the Eucharist as both the bread and the wine.

C.Luther enjoyed the protection of a powerful prince, Frederick the Wise, the elector of Saxony.

D.Luther was too widely known and far too popular to be openly tried or executed.

2.Why did Henry VIII take the first steps that would ultimately result in severing the English church’s ties with Rome in 1527?

A.He had been persuaded to convert to Protestantism after a personal meeting with Martin Luther.

B.He had experienced a vision that told him he had to set up his own church independent of Rome or face military defeat and humiliation.

C.He believed that this would support his effort to bring one, unified religion to England.

D.He believed this would allow him a divorce as a way to stabilize his political dynasty

3.As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the northern princes of Germany:

A.all became Lutherans.

B.had to practice Catholicism.

C.could practice either Lutheran or Catholicism depending on their preference.

D.could practice either Calvinism, Lutheran or Catholicism depending on their preference.

4.How did the Peace of Westphalia influence future European disputes?

A.It served as a diplomatic model for solving disputes as it brought all warring nations together to design a settlement to war.

B.It forced the losing parties to take all the blame and punishment for the war.

C.It forced monarchs to appeal to a committee of European leaders for all major financial and political decisions.

D.It laid out the terms of naval warfare, especially in the North Sea.

5.Martin Luther’s response to the German Peasants’ War of 1524-1525 demonstrated his

A. ignorance of the economic plight of the peasantry C. the belief in the need for a unified German state

B. emphasis on the social aspects of Christ’s teaching D. support for the standard social and political order

6.The Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre:

A.was the event that sparked the Dutch revolt

B.resulted in the Concordat of Bologna

C.was caused by the Edict of Nantes

D.represented the hatred between French Catholics and Protestants

7.The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule was caused by:

A.the defeat of the Spanish ArmadaC.Philip II’s attempt to invade England

B.economic and religious differencesD.Spain’s decision to divide the Netherlands

8.All of the following occurred as a result of The Council of Trent EXCEPT

A.Catholic leaders sought renewal of religious devotion and reform of clerical morality

B.Catholic leaders sought to emphasize the pageantry of ritual and decoration of churches to counter Protestantism.

C.New religious orders were set out to win converts overseas and reconvert Protestants in Europe back to Catholicism.

D.Catholic leaders sought to find compromise with Protestant reformers.

Questions 9-11 are based on the following passage

…as is provided by Edicts or Statutes heretofore made for the Pacification of the Troubles arising from Religion; …which have been made to us by our Subjects of the Reformed Religion, as well upon the execution of what hath been granted by the said former Laws, as that they desire to have some addition for the exercise of their Religion, the liberty of their Consciences and the security of their Persons and Fortunes. And not to leave any occasion of trouble and difference among our Subjects, we have permitted and do permit to those of the Reformed Religion, to live and dwell in all the Cities and places of this our Kingdom and Countries under our obedience, without being inquired after, vexed, molested, or compelled to do anything in Religion, contrary to their Conscience, nor by reason of the same be searched after in houses or places where they live, they comporting themselves in other things as is contained in this our present Edict or Statute. (1598)

9.The above excerpt was most likely written in the name of which of the following?

A. King Henry VIII of EnglandC. Henry IV of France

B. Phillip II of SpainD. Lorenzo de Medici of Florence

10.Which of the following represents the idea(s) within the text?

A.Inhabitants of this location may follow a Reformed Religion based on their individual desires

B.The introduction of Reformed Religion into this location will caused political problems and divisions

C.Inhabitants of this location must all follow the Reformed Religion

D.Religion is not a concern of the state

11.The author (ruler) of this passage would be considered a “Politique” for which of the following reasons?

A.The author believes that religious uniformity is key to political stability for a state

B.The author believes that religion has no place in the discussion of state politics

C.The author believes that state stability is more important than what religion a person within a state chooses

D.The author believes that the absence or eradication of religion will eventually lead to political stability

Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following passage:

The Order of Excommunication and of Public Repentance(1569)

And first, we must understand what crimes are worthy of excommunication and what of public repentance.In the first [place], it is to be noted, that all crimes that by the law of State and God deserve death, deserve also excommunication from the society of Christ’s church, ... And therefore willful murderers, adulterers (lawfully convicted), sorcerers, witches, conjurers, charmers, and givers of drinks to destroy children,[1]and open blasphemers (as if any renounce God, deny the truth and the authority of his holy word, rail against his blessed sacraments): such, we say, ought to be excommunicated from the society of Christ’s church, that their impiety may be held in greater horror, and that they may be the more deeply wounded, perceiving themselves abhorred of the godly.

12.The above passage is most likely attributed to which of the following?

A. King Henry VIIIC. Pope Clement

B. John CalvinD. Martin Luther

13.The author of the above passage would most likely agree with which of the following ideas?

A.A clear separation of church and state is needed to provide stability within a state

B.State law and religious law are one and that relationship provides stability within a state

C.A crime against the state and a crime against God are two separate ideas and therefore do not deserve punishment from both institutions

D.Religion is the source of all crimes and instability in a state

Questions 14-16 refer to the images below. Woodcut 1521

Passionary of the ChristAntichrist:“The Pope sells special favors.”

“Christ drives the money changers

out of the temple.”

14.The above images reflect which of the following statements?

A.Catholic reformers believed Roman Catholic officials should live a life of poverty.

B.The Roman Catholic Church strongly objected to criticisms over the selling of indulgences.

C.The Lutheran movement rejected corrupt practices that plagued the Roman Catholic Church.

D.The Calvinist “work ethic” discouraged both begging and corruption among church goers.

15.The ideas surrounding the woodcut were most inspired by which of the following?

A.The Spanish Inquisition

B.Christian humanism

C.The Sack of Rome

D.The Italian Renaissance

16.Which of the following was a result of support for ideas illustrated in the images?

A.The religious uniformity of Europe was shattered.

B.The masses of Europe gradually abandoned Christianity throughout the sixteenth century.

C.Religious reconciliation among differing religious groups was finally achieved during the Catholic Reformation.

D.Virtually all of the German states within the Holy Roman Empire became independent states.

17. The map above most likely represents the borders of European states immediately after the

A. Peace of Augsburg

B. Habsburg-Valois Wars

C. conquest of Constantinople

D. Thirty Years’ War

18. Based on historical developments by 1650, the above map best represents

A. the sudden rise of the Ottoman Empire as the dominant power in the Mediterranean

B. the decline of the Holy Roman Empire as a viable political force

C. the political dominance of Protestant countries

D. the dominance of urban societies over traditional rural societies

PRACTICE REFORMATION QUESTIONS Questions 1-4 refer to the passage below.

Our Lord and Master Jesus Christ in saying “Repent ye” etc., intended that the whole life of believers should be penitence….

5.The pope has neither the will nor the power to remit any penalties except those which he has imposed by his own authority, or by that of the canons.

6.The pope has no power to remit any guilt, except by declaring and warranting to have been remitted by God or at most by remitting cases reserved for himself; in which cases, if his power were despised guilt would certainly remain…

36.Every Christian who feels true guilt has of right plenary remission of punishment and guilt even without letters of pardon.

37.Every true Christian, whether living or dead, has a share in all the benefits of Christ and of the Church, given him by God, even without letters of pardon….

43. Christians should be taught that he who gives to a poor man, or lends to a needy man, does better than if he bought pardons. Martin Luther, 95 Theses, October 31, 1517

1. The purpose of the passage is to

A.reinforce the ideals of the Catholic Reformation

B.reform perceived abuses within the Catholic Church

C.justify the creation of a new church that is free of abuses

D.support the pope’s efforts to remedy controversial Church practices

2. The views expressed in the passage would most likely have been supported by

A.AnabaptistsC. The Council of Trent

B.the Jesuit OrderD. John Tetzel

3. The ideas expressed in the passage were most likely influenced by

A.civic humanismC. the Old Testament of the Bible

B.scholasticismD. Christian humanism

4. Which of the following was a long-term result of the ideas expressed in the passage?

A.The dominance of the Spanish EmpireC. The permanent division of the Holy Roman Empire

B.The end of the Renaissance in ItalyD. The rise of absolutism in France

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