Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.)
Version 8.0
Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.)
by Lawrence Greenberg, M.D., Robert A. Leark, Ph.D., Tammy R. Dupuy, M.S., Clifford L. Corman, M.D., Carol L. Kindschi, R.N., M.S.N., and Michael Cenedela
This set of computerized continuous performance tests was designed specifically for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of children and adults with attention disorders, both congenital and acquired. It includes both visual and auditory tests, and it is provided in two formats. The Screening Version, intended for use by schools and learning centers, provides a user-friendly report that includes referral recommendations when appropriate. The Clinical Version, for physicians and clinical psychologists, generates a report that refers to DSM-IV diagnostic categories and includes medication suggestions. The two versions use identical test items and make identical calculations--they differ only in the language used to explain results.
Normed on over 4,100 children and adults (ages 4 to 80), these highly reliable, cost-effective, and easily administered tests provide relevant information about attention and impulsivity that is not otherwise available. In addition, the tests are very sensitive to the effects of treatment, including medication. They are commonly used to determine optimal dosage and monitor the course of treatment.
These tests are not language-based and have no practice effects. The visual test uses two simple geometric stimuli, while the auditory test uses two audible tones. With simple stimuli and considerable test length, practice effects are insignificant. The T.O.V.A. tests are intentionally long, easy, and boring in order to assess attentional variables. A nonsequential "go/no-go" response paradigm avoids confounding variables such as complex information processing and memory. A specially designed, highly accurate electronic microswitch eliminates inherent variability of keyboard and mouse responses.
The software automatically records the individual's responses, non-responses, and reaction times, and then calculates raw scores and percentages. Results are reported as standardized scores and standard deviations, presented in quarters, halves, and totals for the full 22 minutes of the test. The program instantly displays test results, including an ADHD score, in narrative and graphic formats. The ADHD score compares the examinee's performance to that of an identified ADHD sample.
System requirements:
Windows: PC with Windows 2000 (SP4 or greater), XP (SP2 or greater), or Vista (32 bits only). Built-in USB port.
Mac: Intel-based Mac running MAC OS 10.4.4 or greater. Built-in USB port.
Component
T.O.V.A.-A/V, CLINICAL VERSION (AUDITORY AND VISUAL TESTS): Includes Manuals, Software, Microswitch Scorebox, 5 Interpretation Reports, and Technical Support (Kit also includes information about obtaining additional interpretations.)