Test Objectives: The Gas Laws
· Be able to list the five properties of gases
· Be able to list and explain the 5 assumptions of the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases (KMT)
· Be able to convert between different units of pressure measurement: Torr, atm, kPa, Pa, mm Hg, & in Hg
· Be able to express Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law and Gay-Lussac’s Law verbally, mathematically & graphically
· Be able to solve word problems using the individual gas laws as well as the combined gas law
· Be able to remember that when solving gas law problems that temperatures must be expressed in Kelvin
· Be able to define STP (standard temperature & pressure) in SI units, in atm & °C (see reference table B)
· Be able to convert temperature values from celsius to Kelvin and vice versa
· Be able to define and explain temperature
· Be able to describe the relationship between temperature & molecular velocity of the particles in a substance
· Be able to explain the difference between real & ideal gases
o be able to explain how to change temperature & pressure so real gases behave more like ideal gases
· Be able to describe the two conditions under which the gas laws break down and a gas can not be ideal
· Be able to state Avogadro’s Hypothesis
· Be able to define molar volume of a gas at STP
· Be able to calculate the density of a gas from its given molar volume & molar mass
· Be able to determine the formula mass of a known volume of gas from the experimental density of the gas
· Be able to explain Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
o be able to solve partial pressure word problems
· Be able to describe the difference between effusion & diffusion
o be able to explain how the effusion & diffusion of gases is dependent on mass & temperature of gas