Table S1. Patient clinical characteristics by type of volatile anesthetic
Characteristic / Desflurane(n=30) / Sevoflurane
(n=137) / p-value
Age, median (Q1,Q3) / 63.0 / (52.0, 67.0) / 61.0 / (54.0, 67.0) / 0.64
Race, n (%) / 0.19
. Caucasian / 27 / (90%) / 128 / (93%)
. Asian / 1 / (3%) / 6 / (4%)
. Black / 1 / (3%) / 3 / (2%)
. Other / 1 / (3%) / 0 / (0%)
Ethnicity, n (%) / 0.002
. Hispanic/Latina / 2 / (7%) / 0 / (0%)
. Non-Hispanic/Non-Latina / 28 / (93%) / 137 / (100%)
BMI, median (Q1,Q3) / 27.8 / (22.2, 29.9) / 25.4 / (21.9, 30.1) / 0.33
Gravidity, median (Q1,Q3) / 3.0 / (2.0, 4.0) / 2.0 / (1.0, 3.0) / 0.037
Parity, median (Q1,Q3) / 3.0 / (1.0, 3.0) / 2.0 / (0.0, 2.0) / 0.018
Preop CA-125 level, median (Q1,Q3) / 408.0 / (72.5, 1085.0) / 389.4 / (136.0, 1257.4) / 0.37
BRCA 1 or 2 mutation carrier, n (%)
. Yes / 1 / (3%) / 18 / (11%) / 0.32
. No / 29 / (97%) / 146 / (89%)
ASA class, n (%) / 0.51
. I / 1 / (3%) / 10 / (7%)
. II / 20 / (67%) / 97 / (71%)
. III / 9 / (30%) / 30 / (22%)
Smoking status, n (%) / 0.79
. Current / 2 / (7%) / 15 / (11%)
. Former / 8 / (27%) / 37 / (27%)
. Never / 20 / (67%) / 82 / (60%)
. Unknown / 0 / (0%) / 2 / (1%)
Diabetes, n (%) / 0.51
. No / 27 / (90%) / 128 / (93%)
. Yes / 3 / (10%) / 9 / (7%)
Hypertension, n (%) / 0.83
. No / 18 / (60%) / 85 / (62%)
. Yes / 12 / (40%) / 52 / (38%)
Coronary artery disease, n (%) / 0.027
. No / 28 / (93%) / 136 / (99%)
. Yes / 2 / (7%) / 1 / (1%)
History of prior laparotomy, n (%) / 0.13
. No / 19 / (63%) / 105 / (77%)
. Yes / 11 / (37%) / 32 / (23%)
Prior other malignancy, n (%) / 0.93
. No / 25 / (83%) / 115 / (84%)
. Yes / 5 / (17%) / 22 / (16%)
Cancer stage, n (%) / 0.39
. IIIa / 3 / (10%) / 7 / (5%)
. IIIb / 3 / (10%) / 8 / (6%)
. IIIc / 24 / (80%) / 122 / (89%)
Cancer grade, n (%) / 0.048
. 1 / 1 / (3%) / 11 / (8%)
. 2 / 0 / (0%) / 13 / (9%)
. 3 / 26 / (87%) / 110 / (80%)
. Unspecified / 3 / (10%) / 3 / (2%)
Cancer histology, n (%) / 0.47
. Serous / 26 / (87%) / 111 / (81%)
. Non-serous / 4 / (13%) / 26 / (19%)
Table S2. Treatment related factors by type of volatile anesthetic
Characteristic / Desflurane(n=30) / Sevoflurane
(n=137) / p-value
Level of surgical debulking, n (%) / 0.007
. No residual disease / 15 / (50%) / 40 / (29%)
. Less than 0.5 cm residual disease / 8 / (27%) / 80 / (58%)
. Less than 1 cm residual disease / 7 / (23%) / 17 / (12%)
Surgical complexity score, n (%) / 0.15
. low (six or fewer) / 14 / (47%) / 81 / (59%)
. medium (seven to ten) / 16 / (53%) / 50 / (36%)
. high (more than ten) / 0 / (0%) / 6 / (4%)
Estimated blood loss (mL), median (Q1,Q3) / 500.0 / (300.0, 1200.0) / 500.0 / (300.0, 1000.0) / 0.84
Length of case (hours), median (Q1,Q3) / 3.1 / (2.6, 3.8) / 3.2 / (2.7, 3.9) / 0.34
Length of hospital stay, median (Q1, Q3) / 5.0 / (4.0, 7.0) / 5.0 / (4.0, 7.0) / 0.71
RBC transfusion during admission, n (%) / 0.20
. No / 16 / (53%) / 90 / (66%)
. Yes / 14 / (47%) / 47 / (34%)
FFP, transfusion, n (%) / 0.86
. No / 26 / (87%) / 117 / (85%)
. Yes / 4 / (13%) / 20 / (15%)
Platelet transfusion, n (%) / 1.00
. No / 30 / (100%) / 137 / (100%)
Yes / 0 / (0%) / 0 / (0%)
Type of 1st line chemotherapy, n (%) / 0.33
. IV carboplatin alone / 1 / (3%) / 2 / (1%)
. IV carboplatin and IV paclitaxel / 14 / (47%) / 67 / (49%)
. IV carboplatin and IV paclitaxel and bevacizumab / 3 / (10%) / 18 / (13%)
. IV paclitaxel and IP cisplatin/paclitaxel / 11 / (37%) / 48 / (35%)
. None / 1 / (3%) / 0 / (0%)
. Other / 0 / (0%) / 2 / (1%)
Total cycles of primary chemotherapy, median (Q1, Q3) / 6.0 / (5.0, 6.0) / 6.0 / (6.0, 6.0) / 0.18
Table S3. Patient clinical characteristics by use of epidural
Characteristic / No Epidural(n=134) / Epidural
(n=60) / p-value
Age, median (Q1,Q3) / 61.0 / (54.0, 67.0) / 62.0 / (55.5, 68.0) / 0.61
Race, n (%) / 0.08
. Caucasian / 120 / (90%) / 60 / (100%)
. Asian / 9 / (7%) / 0 / (0%)
. Black / 4 / (3%) / 0 / (0%)
. Other / 1 / (1%) / 0 / (0%)
Ethnicity, n (%) / 0.34
. Hispanic/Latina / 2 / (1%) / 0 / (0%)
. Non-Hispanic/Non-Latina / 132 / (99%) / 60 / (100%)
BMI, median (Q1,Q3) / 26.2 / (22.2, 30.8) / 26.4 / (22.2, 30.1) / 0.98
Gravidity, median (Q1,Q3) / 2.0 / (1.0, 3.0) / 2.0 / (2.0, 3.0) / 0.69
Parity, median (Q1,Q3) / 2.0 / (0.0, 3.0) / 2.0 / (1.0, 3.0) / 0.31
Preop CA-125 level, median (Q1,Q3) / 352.7 / (104.4, 1210.9) / 436.0 / (108.4, 1057.0) / 0.86
BRCA 1 or 2 mutation carrier, n (%)
. Yes / 16 / (12%) / 6 / (10%) / 0.81
. No / 118 / (88%) / 54 / (90%)
ASA class, n (%) / 0.79
. I / 8 / (6%) / 3 / (5%)
. II / 94 / (70%) / 40 / (67%)
. III / 32 / (24%) / 17 / (28%)
Smoking status, n (%) / 0.39
. Current / 11 / (8%) / 7 / (12%)
. Former / 33 / (25%) / 18 / (31%)
. Never / 87 / (65%) / 33 / (57%)
. Unknown / 3 / (2%) / 0 / (0%)
Diabetes, n (%) / 0.98
. No / 123 / (92%) / 55 / (92%)
. Yes / 11 / (8%) / 5 / (8%)
Hypertension, n (%) / 0.22
. No / 86 / (64%) / 33 / (55%)
. Yes / 48 / (36%) / 27 / (45%)
Coronary artery disease, n (%) / 0.05
. No / 133 / (99%) / 57 / (95%)
. Yes / 1 / (1%) / 3 / (5%)
History of prior laparotomy, n (%) / 0.36
. No / 98 / (73%) / 40 / (67%)
. Yes / 36 / (27%) / 20 / (33%)
Prior other malignancy, n (%) / 0.36
. No / 109 / (81%) / 52 / (87%)
. Yes / 25 / (19%) / 8 / (13%)
Cancer stage, n (%) / 0.68
. IIIa / 7 / (5%) / 4 / (7%)
. IIIb / 11 / (8%) / 3 / (5%)
. IIIc / 116 / (87%) / 53 / (88%)
Cancer grade, n (%) / 0.70
. 1 / 11 / (8%) / 4 / (7%)
. 2 / 13 / (10%) / 3 / (5%)
. 3 / 106 / (79%) / 51 / (85%)
. Unspecified / 4 / (3%) / 2 / (3%)
Cancer histology, n (%) / 0.46
. Serous / 113 / (84%) / 48 / (80%)
. Non-serous / 21 / (16%) / 12 / (20%)
Table S4. Treatment related factors by use of epidural
Characteristic / No Epidural(n=134) / Epidural
(n=60) / p-value
Level of surgical debulking, n (%) / 0.89
. No residual disease / 46 / (34%) / 21 / (35%)
. Less than 0.5 cm residual disease / 71 / (53%) / 30 / (50%)
. Less than 1 cm residual disease / 17 / (13%) / 9 / (15%)
Surgical complexity score, n (%) / 0.78
. low (six or fewer) / 81 / (60%) / 33 / (55%)
. medium (seven to ten) / 49 / (37%) / 25 / (42%)
. high (more than ten) / 4 / (3%) / 2 / (3%)
Estimated blood loss (mL), median (Q1,Q3) / 500.0 / (300.0, 800.0) / 500.0 / (300.0, 1000.0) / 0.14
Length of case (hours), median (Q1,Q3) / 3.0 / (2.6, 3.6) / 3.5 / (2.8, 4.2) / 0.009
Length of hospital stay, median (Q1, Q3) / 4.0 / (3.0, 7.0) / 5.0 / (4.0, 7.0) / 0.13
Type of general anesthesia / 0.14
. Volatile anesthetics / 9 / (7%) / 1 / (2%)
. Total IV general anesthesia / 125 / (93%) / 59 / (98%)
RBC transfusion during admission, n (%) / 0.07
. No / 92 / (69%) / 33 / (55%)
. Yes / 42 / (31%) / 27 / (45%)
FFP, transfusion, n (%) / 0.38
. No / 116 / (87%) / 49 / (82%)
. Yes / 18 / (13%) / 11 / (18%)
Platelet transfusion, n (%) / .
. No / 134 / (100%) / 60 / (100%) / 1.00
Yes / 0 / (0%) / 0 / (0%)
Type of 1st line chemotherapy, n (%) / 0.87
. IV carboplatin alone / 3 / (2%) / 2 / (3%)
. IV carboplatin and IV gemcitabine / 1 / (1%) / 0 / (0%)
. IV carboplatin and IV paclitaxel / 60 / (45%) / 32 / (53%)
. IV carboplatin and IV paclitaxel and bevacizumab / 16 / (12%) / 7 / (12%)
. IV paclitaxel and IP cisplatin/paclitaxel / 51 / (38%) / 18 / (30%)
. None / 1 / (1%) / 0 / (0%)
. Other / 2 / (1%) / 1 / (2%)
Total cycles of primary chemotherapy, median (Q1, Q3) / 6.0 / (5.0, 6.0) / 6.0 / (6.0, 6.0) / 0.18
Table S5. Dose effect of epidural.
Variable / <24 hour(N=6) / 24-48 hour
(N=14) / >48 hour
(N=40) / p-value
Time to recurrence, months, median (Q1, Q3) / 10.9 / (4.6, 14.4) / 10.0 / (8.3, 13.8) / 14.9 / (11.8, 21.9) / 0.025
Overall survival, years, median (Q1, Q3) / 2.2 / (1.0, 2.8) / 2.1 / (1.0, 2.7) / 2.7 / (2.0, 3.6) / 0.30