Table S1: Listof Nigerian H5N1 influenza A viruses analyzed in this study
Viruses / Collection date / State / CladeA/ck/Nigeria/641/2006 / 17-01-2006 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I
A/ck/Nigeria/848-1/2006 / 14-02-2006 / Katsina / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-4/2006 / 17-02-2006 / Katsina / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-377/2006 / 20-02-2006 / Nassarawa / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-380/2006 / 21-02-2006 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-378/2006 / 21-02-2006 / Kano / 2.2 sub II
A/gf/Nigeria/957-12/2006 / 23-02-2006 / Bauchi / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/957-20/2006 / 23-02-2006 / plateau / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1047-30/2006 / 24-02-2006 / Beneu / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-387/2006 / 25-02-2006 / Anambra / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1047-34/2006 / 25-02-2006 / FCT / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-5/2006 / 27-02-2006 / Jigawa / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-6/2006 / 27-02-2006 / Ogun / 2.2.1
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-390/2006 / 27-02-2006 / Rivers / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1047-8/2006 / 1-03-2006 / Bauchi / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-7/2006 / 10-03-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-8/2006 / 10-03-2006 / Lagos / 2.2.1
A/os/Nigeria/1047-25/2006 / 23-03-2006 / Bauchi / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-9/2006 / 4-04-2006 / Jigawa / 2.2 sub II
A/gf/Nigeria/848-10/2006 / 4-04-2006 / Jigawa / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-426/2006 / 13-04-2006 / Plateau / 2.2 sub II
A/tk/Nigeria/848-12/2006 / 15-04-2006 / Katsina / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-434/2006 / 12-05-2006 / Bauchi / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-438/2006 / 19-05-2006 / Nassarawa / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1047-54/2006 / 6-06-2006 / Oyo / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-14/2006 / 7-06-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-15/2006 / 7-06-2006 / Taraba / R1
A/ck/Nigeria/1047-62/2006 / 7-06-2006 / Taraba / R1
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-446/2006 / 8-06-2006 / Plateau / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-17/2006 / 25-06-2006 / Taraba / 2.2 sub II
A/dk/Nigeria/848-20/2006 / 25-06-2006 / Taraba / R1
A/ck/Nigeria/848-21/2006 / 28-06-2006 / Borno / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-22/2006 / 28-06-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-24/2006 / 8-07-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-26/2006 / 8-07-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-28/2006 / 14-07-2006 / Lagos / R2
A/ck/Nigeria/848-33/2006 / 19-07-2006 / Taraba / R1
A/ck/Nigeria/848-35/2006 / 9-08-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-40/2006 / 2-09-2006 / Delta / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-38/2006 / 2-09-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-39/2006 / 2-09-2006 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-41/2006 / 10-10-2006 / Anambra / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-42/2006 / 10-11-2006 / Borno / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-44/2006 / 28-11-2006 / Edo / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-45/2006 / 2-12-2006 / Kwara / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-47/2006 / 8-12-2006 / Ogun / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-50/2006 / 13-12-2006 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-52/2006 / 13-12-2006 / Kano / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-54/2006 / 31-12-2006 / Kano / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-1/2007 / 2-01-2007 / Plateau / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-4/2007 / 5-01-2007 / Borno / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-3/2007 / 5-01-2007 / Sokoto / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-5/2007 / 6-01-2007 / Plateau / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-497/2007 / 8-01-2007 / FCT / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-7/2007 / 10-01-2007 / Sokoto / 2.2 sub II
gs-Nigeria/848-56/2007 / 11-01-2007 / Katsina / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-9/2007 / 12-01-2007 / Bauchi / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-10/2007 / 13-01-2007 / Anambra / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-58/2007 / 19-01-2007 / Lagos / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-59/2007 / 20-01-2007 / Adamawa / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-60/2007 / 23-01-2007 / Edo / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-15/2007 / 23-01-2007 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/tk/Nigeria/848-61/2007 / 26-01-2007 / Jigawa / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-22/2007 / 31-01-2007 / Kano / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-23/2007 / 1-02-2007 / Borno / 2.2 sub I/II-N
gs-Nigeria/4337-544/2007 / 6-02-2007 / Yobe / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-29/2007 / 9-02-2007 / Lagos / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/1071-30/2007 / 10-02-2007 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-67/2007 / 10-02-2007 / Katsina / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/wf/Nigeria/848-66/2007 / 10-02-2007 / Niger / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-68/2007 / 14-02-2007 / Kano / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-70/2007 / 16-02-2007 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-71/2007 / 16-02-2007 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/gf/Nigeria/848-72/2007 / 20-02-2007 / Adamawa / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-74/2007 / 26-02-2007 / Enugu / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-75/2007 / 9-03-2007 / Jigawa / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-76/2007 / 9-03-2007 / Katsina / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-77/2007 / 14-03-2007 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/gf/Nigeria/848-78/2007 / 15-03-2007 / Plateau / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-82/2007 / 21-03-2007 / Oyo / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-83/2007 / 27-03-2007 / Kaduna / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/os/Nigeria/848-84/2007 / 27-03-2007 / Plateau / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-99/2007 / 25-06-2007 / Zamfara / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-88/2007 / 7-07-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-92/2007 / 12-07-2007 / Edo / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-90/2007 / 17-07-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-94/2007 / 19-07-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-93/2007 / 21-07-2007 / Lagos / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-91/2007 / 24-07-2007 / Plateau / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-100/2007 / 2-08-2007 / Edo / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-102/2007 / 2-08-2007 / Ekiti / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-97/2007 / 3-08-2007 / Nassarawa / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-96/2007 / 3-08-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-104/2007 / 10-08-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-106/2007 / 20-08-2007 / Edo / R4
A/ck/Nigeria/848-110/2007 / 1-09-2007 / Delta / R5
A/ck/Nigeria/848-111/2007 / 3-09-2007 / Zamfara / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-115/2007 / 6-09-2007 / Oyo / 2.2 sub II
A/ck/Nigeria/848-117/2007 / 18-09-2007 / Ogun / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-118/2007 / 1-10-2007 / Anambra / R4
A/ck/Nigeria/848-121/2007 / 18-10-2007 / Ekiti / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/ck/Nigeria/848-122/2007 / 18-10-2007 / Ogun / R5
A/dk/Nigeria/848-120/2007 / 21-11-2007 / Kwara / 2.2 sub I/II-N
A/dk/Nigeria/3724-2/2008 / 16-07-2008 / Gombe / 2.2 sub III
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-344/2008 / 16-07-2008 / Kano / 2.2 sub III
A/ck/Nigeria/4337-343/2008 / 16-07-2008 / Katsina / 2.2 sub III