Table S1.Examples of environmental factors that can have intergenerational (parental) effects, the nature of those effects on offspring, and theirconsequences for offspring fitness (after Bonduriansky et al. 2012[1]).
Environmental manipulation experienced by parental generation (F0) / Effect on offspring / Consequences for offspring fitness / Offspring generations affected / Species / Reference / Ref numberABIOTIC
Temperature, Salinity, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide
Increased temperature / Metabolic performance / Positive / F2 (F1 exposure) / Acanthochromispolyacanthus(damselfish) / Donelson et al. (2012) / [2]
Increased temperature / Increased tolerance and competitive ability, reduced body size / Positive and Negative / F1 / Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) / Gilchrist & Huey (2001); Zamudio et al. (1995); Crill et al. (1995) / [3-5]
Increased temperature / Germination, biomass and seed production / Positive / F1 / Arabidopsis thaliana(Mousear Cress) / Bloedner et al. (2007) / [6]
Increased temperature / Seed longevity / Negative / F1 / Wahlenbergiatumidifructa(bluebell) / Kochanek et al. (2010) / [7]
Increased temperature / Development, body weight, fecundity, flight ability / Negative / F1 / Grapholitamolesta(oriental fruit moth) / Ferrer et al. (2013) / [8]
Increased temperature / Increased tolerance / Positive / F1 / Orchesellacincta(springtail) / Zizzari et al. (2014) / [9]
Salt and heat stress / Time of flowering, salt tolerance / Positive / F1 / Arabidopsis thaliana(Mousear Cress) / SuterWidmer (2013a). See also SuterWidmer(2013b) / [10-11]
Increased CO2 / Escape response / Negative (some evidence for acclimation) / F1 / Amphiprionmelanopus(cinnamon anemone fish) / Allan et al. (2014) / [12]
Hypoxia / Tolerance / Positive / F1 / Daniorerio(zebrafish) / Ho & Burggren (2012) / [13]
Toxins
Cocaine / Resistance (delayed self-administration) / Positive / F1 / Rattusnorvegicus(brown rat) / Vassoler et al. (2012) / [14]
17α-ethinylestradiol or bisphenol A / Anxiety / Negative / F1 / Daniorerio(zebrafish) / Volkova et al. (2015) / [15]
Other Abiotic
Pollution stress (copper) / Increased body size, increased resistance, increased dispersion, decreased survival, reduced predation / Positive and negative / F1 / Bugulaneritina (bryozoan), / Marshall (2008), Moran et al. (2010) / [16-17]
Pollution stress (multiple) / Body size, growth rate, RNA:DNA ratios / Positive / F1 / Fundulusheteroclitus (mummichog) / Nye et al. (2007) / [18]
BIOTIC
Nutrition
Undernourishment / Size, glucose intolerance / Negative / F1-F2 (in utero exposure of F1) / Musmusculus (mice) / Radford et al. (2014) / [19]
Dietary composition (high-fat) / Size, insulin sensitivity / Negative / F1-F2 (in utero exposure of F1) / Musmusculus (mice) / Dunn & Bale (2009) / [20]
Dietary composition (diet quality; feed quality) / Offspring size / Positive / F1 / Callosobruchusmaculatus (seed beetle) / Hallsson et al. (2012) / [21]
Dietary composition (high-fat diet) / Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity / Negative / F1 / Rattusnorvegicus(brown rat) / Ng et al. (2010) / [22]
Dietary composition (diet quality/male condition) / Offspring size / Positive / F1 / Telostylinusangusticollis (neriid fly) / Crean et al. (2014) / [23]
Dietary composition (high-fat diet) / Offspring size / Positive / F1 / Telostylinusangusticollis (neriid fly) / Bonduriansky and Head (2007) / [24]
Social environment
Sex ratio / Offspring size and viability / Positive / F1 / Telostylinusangusticollis (neriid fly) / Adler & Bonduriansky (2013) / [25]
Social defeat stress / Depressive-like behaviour and anxiety / Negative / F1 / Musmusculus (mice) / Dietz et al. (2012) / [26]
Male competition / Increased hatching rate, decreased survival / Positive and negative / F1 / Daniorerio(zebrafish) / Zajitschek et al. (2014) / [27]
Other Biotic
Parental care (deprived of paternal care) / Anxiety / Negative / F1 / Gasterosteusaculeatus (stickleback) / McGee et al. (2014) / [28]
Maltreatment (maternal abuse) / Maternal behaviour, anxiety / Negative / F1 / Rattusnorvegicus(brown rat) / Roth et al. 2009 / [29]
Altered habitat / Novel foraging technique / Positive / F1 / Rattusrattus(black rat), Tursiops sp. (bottlenose dolphin) / Aisner and Terkel (1992); Krutzen et al. (2005) / [30-31]
Predation / Survival / Positive / F1 / Grylluspennsylvanicus (field cricket) / Storm & Lima (2010) / [32]
Predation / Antipredator response / Positive / F1 / Gasterosteusaculeatus (stickleback) / Stein & Bell (2014) / [33]
- See also tables in following references:Burton & Metcalfe 2014 [34] (Table 1); Ho & Burrgen 2012 [13](Table 2); Holeski et al. 2012 [35](Table 1); Skinner 2010[36] (Table 3); Zhang et al. 2015 [37](Table 5.1 and 5.2); JablonkaRaz 2009 [38](Table 1); Schaefer & Nadeau 2015 [39] (Table 1 and 2).
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