Table A.1 Land Use Land Cover Classifications Product

Table A.1 Land Use Land Cover Classifications Product

Supplementary Material to:

Table A.1 Land use land cover classifications product.

LULC Code / LULC Description
1 / Artificial surfaces and associated areas (Urban areas >50%)
2 / Closed to open (>15%) herbaceous vegetation (natural and artificial annual pastures, agricultural areas with different crops such as wheat or oats)
3 / Closed to open (>15%) shrubland (< 10% tree cover, result of natural succession or native forest logging).
4 / Closed to open secondary forest, (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest (>5m) secondary growth native.
5 / Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Coastal areas.
6 / Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Andes areas.
7 / Productive exotic forest plantation (Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus sp.)
8 / Bare areas
9 / Water bodies
10 / Areas without land cover information due to clouds and shadows, masked by Fmask

Table A.2 Carbon model input for aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, soil organic carbon and dead organic matter carbon by LULC type (Gayoso 2001; Schlegel 2001; Gayoso and Schlegel 2003; Gayoso and Guerra 2005; Gonzalez and Gayoso 2005; Schlegel and Donoso 2008; Keith et al. 2009)

LULC Description / Aboveground Biomass / Belowground Biomass / Soil Organic Carbon / Dead
Organic
Matter
Mg ha-1
Artificial surfaces and associated areas (Urban areas >50%) / 5.5 / 0.6 / 15.0 / 0.5
Closed to open (>15%) herbaceous vegetation (natural and artificial annual pastures, agricultural areas with different crops such as wheat or oats) / 4.0 / 5.0 / 166.0 / 2.0
Closed to open (>15%) shrubland (< 10% tree cover, result of natural succession or native forest logging). / 8.0 / 48.0 / 164.0 / 20.0
Closed to open secondary forest, (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest (>5m) secondary growth native. / 161.2 / 43.6 / 148.5 / 50.5
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Coastal areas. / 284.9 / 79.5 / 180.91 / 59.4
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Andes areas. / 387.3 / 103.8 / 149.7 / 102.8
Productive exotic forest plantation (Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus sp.) / 133.7 / 33.7 / 117.9 / 14.7
Bare areas / 2.3 / 0.5 / 21.7 / 0.5
Water bodies / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0
Areas without land cover information due clouds
and shadows / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0

Table A.3 Sediment retention input table. USLE cover and management factor (C) and USLE support practice factor (P) and Sediment filtration by LULC type (Renard and Freimund 1994; Bonilla et al. 2010; Bonilla and Johnson 2012).

LULC Description / USLE C / USLE P
Artificial surfaces and associated areas (Urban areas >50%) / 0.01 / 1
Closed to open (>15%) herbaceous vegetation (natural and artificial annual pastures, agricultural areas with different crops such as wheat or oats) / 0.038 / 1
Closed to open (>15%) shrubland (< 10% tree cover, result of natural succession or native forest logging). / 0.13 / 1
Closed to open secondary forest, (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest (>5m) secondary growth native. / 0.004 / 1
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Coastal areas. / 0.003 / 1
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Andes areas. / 0.003 / 1
Productive exotic forest plantation (Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus sp.) / 0.006 / 1
Bare areas / 1 / 1
Water bodies / 0.0 / 1
Areas without land cover information due clouds
and shadows / 0.0 / 1

Table A. 4 Phosphorous retention input table. Evapotranspiration coefficient (ETcoeff), Rooting depth, P export coefficients and vegetation filtration by LULC type (Oyarzun et al. 1997; Cuevas et al. 2006; Oyarzún et al. 2007; Cuevas et al. 2014; Oyarzun et al. 2015).

LULC Description / ETcoef / Root depth
(mm) / Load P
(kg ha -1 yr-1) / Filtering Capacity (%)
Artificial surfaces and associated areas (Urban areas >50%) / 0.3 / 1 / 0.1 / 5
Closed to open (>15%) herbaceous vegetation (natural and artificial annual pastures, agricultural areas with different crops such as wheat or oats) / 0.65 / 2000 / 0.05 / 40
Closed to open (>15%) shrubland (< 10% tree cover, result of natural succession or native forest logging). / 0.7 / 2500 / 0.05 / 75
Closed to open secondary forest, (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest (>5m) secondary growth native. / 0.8 / 6000 / 0.05 / 75
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Coastal areas. / 1 / 7000 / 0.011 / 80
Closed to open old-growth forest (>15%) broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest from Andes areas. / 1 / 7000 / 0.011 / 80
Productive exotic forest plantation (Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus sp.) / 1 / 7000 / 0.011 / 75
Bare areas / 0.2 / 1 / 0.001 / 5
Water bodies / 1 / 1 / 0.001 / 5
Areas without land cover information due clouds
and shadows / 0.3 / 1 / 0.0 / 0.0

Table A.5 Annual export (sediment + solution) of phosphorous (mg m-2 yr-1) from watersheds of the Rupanco lake (1994-1995) (modified from Oyarzun et al. 1997)

Watershed / Land use in the watershed (%) / PO4-P / Ptot
Forest / Grassland / Agricultural / Shrubland / Lake
Forest / 98.4 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.6 / 0.0 / 16.3 / 64.8
Forest / 100.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 14.3 / 104.5
Shrubland-grassland / 0.0 / 54.8 / 2.0 / 27.5 / 15.7 / 12.6 / 66.0
Grassland / 17.0 / 72.5 / 6.9 / 3.6 / 0.0 / 12.3 / 117.9
Grassland / 31.0 / 67.5 / 1.5 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 19.3 / 118.5
Agricultural grassland / 23.3 / 56.2 / 18.5 / 1.8 / 0.0 / 12.9 / 93.5

Table A.6 Description of degree of naturalness used no assess Aesthetic value (modified from (Machado 2004).

Degree of naturalness code / Degree of naturalness description / LULC code
1 / Artificial surfaces and associated areas were the vegetation has been deliberately determined by humans with loss of the previous habitat / 1-7
2 / Semi-natural areas with changes but the structure of the vegetation is basically the same / 2-3-4
3 / Natural areas with non or minimal disturbance by human activities (maintain structure and species composition) / 5-6-9
no apply / 8-10

Site index description

We use the site index developed by the Forest Research Institute in Chile. The index was obtained from extensive and intensive forest inventory were basic data from height and age were measured in different geographic areas. The geographical areas were stratified considering homogeneous soil and climatic areas to avoid distortions on estimators due different age distributions. The empirical equations for the site index were fitted base on a regression model (height and age variables) for the species (García 1970; Schlatter and Gerding 1995; Pinilla S. 1998; INFOR 1999). The equation obtain for the index curves were:

,

Where A is the mean height of dominant and codominant trees and E is the age, for Pinus radiata and

H=75.3 (l-e-bt)1/0.863

Where H is the height dominant in meters T is the age in years, b depend of the site quality, for Eucalyptus sp. (Garcia 1995).

Figure A.1 Validation of modeled sediment export InVEST (black bars) versus field data obtained from the Chilean national water agency (DGA, Dirección Nacional de Aguas, grey bars).

Reference

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