Table E2: Heart rate and respiratory rate variability results before and during sedation interruptions

Variability Measures / All HRV analyzed sedation interruptions / All RRV analyzed sedation interruptions
n = 31 / n = 42
Before / During / p-value* / Before / During / p-value*
mean / sd / mean / sd / mean / sd / mean / sd
Time Domain
Mean (s) / 0.606 / ± / 0.087 / 0.578 / ± / 0.082 / 0.02 / 4.09 / ± / 1.3 / 3.95 / ± / 1.3 / 0.22
Standard Deviation (s) / 0.00787 / ± / 0.004 / 0.00977 / ± / 0.0061 / 0.016 / 0.868 / ± / 0.54 / 1.04 / ± / 0.67 / 0.51
RMSSD (s) / 0.00437 / ± / 0.004 / 0.00619 / ± / 0.0072 / 0.02 / 1.16 / ± / 0.77 / 1.37 / ± / 0.95 / 0.76
Skewness / -0.37 / ± / 0.99 / -0.207 / ± / 0.87 / 0.15 / 0.582 / ± / 0.69 / 0.583 / ± / 0.6 / 0.5
Kurtosis / 9.78 / ± / 19 / 8.26 / ± / 16 / 0.18 / 4.21 / ± / 1.7 / 4.21 / ± / 2.3 / 0.78
CV / 0.0127 / ± / 0.006 / 0.0165 / ± / 0.0093 / 0.0025 / 0.21 / ± / 0.12 / 0.253 / ± / 0.13 / 0.017
Scale Invariant
Power Law Slope / -0.668 / ± / 0.088 / -0.658 / ± / 0.11 / 0.6 / -0.286 / ± / 0.14 / -0.264 / ± / 0.1 / 0.61
Power Law Y-Int / -4.7 / ± / 0.54 / -4.57 / ± / 0.57 / 0.085 / -2 / ± / 0.57 / -1.88 / ± / 0.31 / 0.53
Power Law X-Int / -7.16 / ± / 0.33 / -5.68 / ± / 7 / 0.26 / -1.1E+12 / ± / 7E+12 / 2E+12 / ± / 1E+13 / 0.038
DFA AUC / -3.16 / ± / 0.41 / -3.08 / ± / 0.45 / 0.088 / -0.308 / ± / 0.4 / -0.221 / ± / 0.28 / 0.61
DFA α (overall) / 1.14 / ± / 0.41 / 1.13 / ± / 0.22 / 0.95 / 0.619 / ± / 0.15 / 0.652 / ± / 0.14 / 0.14
DFA α1 / 1.02 / ± / 0.16 / 0.994 / ± / 0.29 / 0.56 / 0.646 / ± / 0.16 / 0.679 / ± / 0.15 / 0.12
DFA α2 / 1.14 / ± / 0.25 / 1.16 / ± / 0.2 / 0.37 / 0.194 / ± / 0.54 / 0.327 / ± / 0.44 / 0.056
Entropy Domain
Approximate Entropy / 1.02 / ± / 0.12 / 0.995 / ± / 0.13 / 0.41 / 0.453 / ± / 0.16 / 0.449 / ± / 0.15 / 0.88
Frequency Domain
LF/HF ratio / 2.63 / ± / 2.1 / 2.98 / ± / 3.6 / 0.56 / n/a
LF Power (ms2) / 9.47 / ± / 11 / 14 / ± / 23 / 0.7
HF Power (ms2) / 6.34 / ± / 9.6 / 16.4 / ± / 46 / 0.034
Time Frequency
Wavelet AUC / -39.9 / ± / 6.2 / -39.4 / ± / 6.5 / 0.64 / -3.21 / ± / 5.8 / -1.96 / ± / 4.1 / 0.56
Non-linear
Poincare SD1 / 3.09 / ± / 2.5 / 4.38 / ± / 5.1 / 0.02 / 825 / ± / 550 / 979 / ± / 680 / 0.76
Poincare SD2 / 10.5 / ± / 5.5 / 12.7 / ± / 7.3 / 0.019 / 896 / ± / 540 / 1080 / ± / 670 / 0.21
FWE / 0.00159 / ± / 8E-04 / 0.00139 / ± / 0.0006 / 0.02 / 0.736 / ± / 0.79 / 0.698 / ± / 0.78 / 0.32
Activity (s2) / 0.375 / ± / 0.11 / 0.342 / ± / 0.1 / 0.018 / 20 / ± / 14 / 19.1 / ± / 13 / 0.38
Mobility / 0.00696 / ± / 0.005 / 0.0103 / ± / 0.011 / 0.0065 / 0.26 / ± / 0.15 / 0.307 / ± / 0.16 / 0.051
Complexity / 345 / ± / 170 / 284 / ± / 170 / 0.014 / 56.4 / ± / 150 / 21.4 / ± / 58 / 0.086

sd: standard deviation, RMSSD: root-mean square of successive differences, CV: coefficient of variation, DFA: detrended fluctuation analysis, AUC: area under curve, LF: low frequency, HF: high frequency, SD1,2: standard descriptor, FWE: frequency weighted energy

*p-values for Wilcoxon signed-rank paired t-test.

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