Table 1. Localities and voucher and EMBL/GenBank accession numbers of the species examined.
Taxon / Voucher no. / 28S / COIROGADINAE
Clinocentrini
Anachyra sp., Cameron Highlands, Malaysia b / – / AY935463* / –
Artocella askewi Shaw, Zaragoza, Spain d / – / AY935451* / AY935379*
Clinocentrus cunctator (Haliday), Ascot, Berkshire, UK b / Jo-702 / AJ784962* / AY935378*
Tebennotoma sp., Taiwan e / AJ784933* / AY935380*
Aleiodini nov.
Aleiodes
Subgenus Aleiodes
albitibia group
Aleiodes albitibia (Herrich-Schäffer), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-58 / EU854323 / –
Aleiodes albitibia, Threepwood Moss, Roxburghshire, UK d / MRS-210 / – / EU979574
circumscriptus group
Aleiodes sp. near borealis (Thomson), Ascot, Bershire / AL-120 / EU854326 / EU979578
Aleiodes circumscriptus (Nees), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-62 / EU854327 / EU979579
Aleiodes nigricornis Wesmael, Loch Kinnordy, Angus, UK d / MRS-216 / AJ784934* / EU979585
Aleiodes pictus (Herrich-Schäffer), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / AL-119 / EU480587* / EF115464*
Aleiodes similis (Curtis), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / AL-169 / EU854338 / EU979589
compressor group
Aleiodes compressor (Herrich-Schäffer) [ex Hydriomena furcata (Thunberg)], Witherslack, Cumbria, UK d / MRS-170 / EU854328 / EU979580
coxalis group
Aleiodes coxalis (Spinola), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-80 / EU480588* / EF115460*
gastritor group
Aleiodes cf. gastritor (Thunberg)-agg. [ex Operophtera brumata (L.)], Aldclune, Perthshire, UK d / MRS-26 / EU854331 / EU979583
Aleiodes testaceus (Telenga), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / AL-058 / EF115439* / EF115454*
pallidator group
Aleiodes pallidator (Thunberg) [ex Leucoma salicis (L.)], Beynam, Ankara, Turkey d / MRS-1 / EU854333 / EU979586
pilosus group
Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) sp., Sonora, Mexico c / – / EU854353 / –
praetor group
Aleiodes (Neorhorgas) praetor (Reinhard), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-67 / EU854334 / –
seriatus group
Aleiodes seriatus (Herrich-Schäffer), St. Alvère, Dordogne, France d / MRS-136 / EU854337 / AY935368*
“mummified hosts” group
Aleiodes barnardae Quicke and Shaw [ex ennomine geometrid], Kibale, Uganda d / AL-324 / EF115431* / EF115446*
Aleiodes mubfsi Quicke and Shaw [ex ennomine geometrid], Kibale, Uganda d / AL-323 / EF115432* / EF115447*
Aleiodes trevelyanae Quicke and Shaw [ex ennomine geometrid], Kibale, Uganda d / AL-226 / EF115433* / EF115448*
Aleiodes sp. 7, Naivasha, Kenya d / AL-468 / EF115437* / EF111452*
unplaced taxa
Aleiodes apiculatus (Fahringer), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-28 / EF115440* / EU979576
Aleiodes esenbeckii (Hartig), Salla, Finland d / MRS-180 / EU854329 / EU979581
Aleiodes punctipes (Thomson), Loch Kinnordy, Angus, UK d / MRS-212 / EU854335 / EU979587
Aleiodes (Cordylorhogas) trifasciatus n. comb. Enderlein, Nyika N.P., N. Malawi c / Jo-874 / EU854354 / EU979604
Aleiodes sp. 1, Madagascar d / AL-014 / EU854339 / EU979590
Aleiodes sp. 2, Phuna Suna, Thailand d / AL-033 / EU854340 / EU979591
Aleiodes sp. 3, Osaka, Japan d / AL-304 / EU854341 / EU979592
Aleiodes sp. 4, Chillan, Chile d / AL-310 / EU854342 / EU979593
Aleiodes sp. 5, Cameroun d / AL-045 / EU854343 / EU979594
Aleiodes sp. 6, Cameron Highlands, W. Malaysia d / AL-079 / EU854344 / EU979595
Aleiodes sp. 8, Abernethy, Inverness-shire, UK d / MRS-135 / EU854345 / EU979596
Aleiodes sp. 9 [ex Eupithecia pusillata (Denis & Schiffermüller)], Inverness-shire, UK d / MRS-18 / EU854346 / EU979597
Aleiodes sp. 11, Abedares Country Club, Mweiga, Kenya d / AL-451 / EU854348 / EU979599
Aleiodes sp. 12, Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Indonesia d / AL-187 / EU854349 / EU979600
Aleiodes sp. 13, Canberra, Australia d / AL-141 / EU854350 / EU979601
Aleiodes sp. 15, Shizuoka, Atami, Japan d / AL-298 / EU854352 / EU979603
Subgenus Arcaleiodes
Arcaleiodes aglaurus (Chen & He), China e / – / AY167657* / –
Subgenus Chelonorhogas
apicalis group
Aleiodes apicalis (Brullé), Beynam, Ankara, Turkey d / MRS-8 / EU854324 / EU979575
gasterator group
Aleiodes gasterator (Jurine), Val de Restonica, Corsica, France d / MRS-46 / EU854330 / EU979582
Aleiodes grassator (Thunberg) [ex Tholera decimalis (Poda)], Veszprém, Hungary d / MRS-163 / EU854332 / EU979584
Aleiodes ruficornis (Herrich- Schäffer), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / AL-144 / EU854336 / EF115477*
Aleiodes unipunctator (Thunberg), Loch Kinnordy, Angus, UK d / MRS-211 / EU480584* / EF115456*
melanopterus group
Aleiodes aestuosus (Reinhard), Sivas, Turkey d / MRS-4 / EU854322 / EU979573
rugulosus group
Aleiodes dissector (Nees) [ex Orthosia incerta (Hufnagel)], Aldclune, Perthshire, UK d / MRS-146 / EU480585* / EF115471*
unplaced taxa
Aleiodes aterrimus (Ratzeburg) [ex Amphipyra sp.], Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / MRS-147 / EU854325 / EU979577
Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) sp., Madagascar f / CAS 10481 / EU854375
Aleiodes sp. 10, Sivas, Turkey d / MRS-126 / EU854347 / EU979598
Aleiodes sp. 14, Costa Rica d / AL-490 / EU854351 / EU979602
Subgenus Pholichora
Aleiodes (Pholichora) sp., Lapalala Wilderness, Transvaal, South Africa c / BF000887 / EU854383 / –
Heterogamus
Heterogamus dispar (Haliday), Ascot, Berkshire, UK d / AL-201 / AJ784935 / EU979605
Heterogamus sp. 1, Australia d / AL-055 / EU854355 / EU979606
Heterogamus sp. 2, Chiang Mae, Ban Mae Wan, Thailand d / AL-091 / EU854356 / EU979607
Heterogamus sp. 3, Mt. Izumi Katsuragi, Japan d / AL-305 / EU854357 / EU979608
Heterogamus fasciatipennis Ashmead, Duvberg, Härjedsdalen, Sweden d / MRS-394 / EU854358 / EU979609
Rogadini
Batothecoides yakushimensis, Taiwan c / – / EU854360 / –
Canalirogas sp. 1, Cameron Highlands, W. Malaysia d / AL-190 / EU854361 / EU979610
Canalirogas sp. 2, Phuna Suna, Thailand c / AL-112 / EU854362 / –
Canalirogas sp. 3, no data d / AL-165 / EU854363 / –
Canalirogas sp. 4, Sulawesi, Indonesia c / BF000633 / EU854364 / –
Canalirogas sp. 5, Sulawesi, Indonesia c / BF000640 / EU854365 / –
Colastomion concolor (Szépligeti) 1, Benin b / AL-125 / AY935446* / AY935370*
Colastomion concolor (Szépligeti) 2, Benin c / – / EU854366 / –
Conspinaria sp. 1, [ex Chalosia thaivana owadai Wang], Taitung Hsien Lanyu Island, Taiwan d / AL-198 / AJ509014* / EU480586*
Conspinaria sp. 2, [ex Chalcosia diana Butler], Taipei City, Taiwan c / AL-307 / EU854367 / EU979611
Conspinaria sp. 3, [ex Erasmia pulchella hobsoni Butler], Taipei City, Taiwan d / AL-199 / AJ509015* / –
Conspinaria sp. 4, Chantaburi, Thailand d / AL-083 / EU854368 / EU979612
Conspinaria sp. 5, Taiwan c / – / EU854369 / –
Cornutorogas javensis Achterberg, Mt. Halimun, Java, Indonesia c / – / EU854370 / –
Cystomastax sp. 1, Las Cuevas, Belize d / MRS-391 / EU854371 / EU979613
Cystomastax sp. 2, Padrón, Caucagua, Venezuela b / Jo-574 / AY935445* / AY935369*
Darnilia sp. 1, Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong N.P., N.Vietnam c / BF000917 / EU854403 / –
Darnilia sp. 2, Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong N.P., N.Vietnam c / BF000935 / EU854404 / –
Gyroneuron testaceator Watanabe, China c / MMF16 / EU854372 / EU979614
Gyroneuron sp., Tun Yun, Taiwan c / AL-318 / EU854373 / –
Gyroneuronella sp., Gunung Buda, Sarawak, E. Malaysia (Borneo) c / Jo-802 / EU854374 / –
Macrostomion sp. 1, Chiang Dao, Chiang Mai, Thailand c / AL-110 / EU854376 / –
Macrostomion sp. 2, Taiwan c / BF002192 / EU854377 / –
Megarhogas maculipennis Chen & He, Chanta Bari, Pong Nani Ron, Thailand d / AL-138 / EU854379 / EU979615
Megarhogas sp. No data c / – / EU854378 / –
Myocron sp. 1, Amani Hills, Tanzania d / AL-131 / EU854380 / EU979616
Myocron sp. 2, Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda d / AL-216 / EU854381 / EU979617
Myocron sp. 3, IITA compound, Ibadan, Nigeria c / BF000612 / EU854382 / –
Rectivena sp. 1, Benin d / AL-204 / EU854384 / EU979618
Rectivena sp. 2, Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda c / AL-218 / EU854385 / EU979619
Rogas sp., Amani Gate, Tanzania a / AL-170 / AJ784931* / AY935364*
Rogasella sp. 1, Negara, W. Bali, Indonesia c / BF000920 / EU854397 / –
Rogasella sp. 2, Thanh Son, Thuong Cuu, Vietnam c / BF000921 / EU854398 / –
Spinaria albiventris Cameron, Taiwan c / BF000801 / EU854401 / –
Spinaria armator 1 Fabricius, Sulawesi, Indonesia e / – / Z97964 / –
Spinaria flavipennis, Cameron, Taiwan c / F000802 / EU854402 / –
Spinaria suliana Westwood, Sulawesi c / BF000792 / EU854400 / –
Spinaria sp., Cameron Highlands, West Malaysia c / AL-173 / EU854399 / EU979623
Triraphis sp. 1, Las Cuevas Belize c / AL-004 / EU854386 / EU979620
Triraphis sp. 2, Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda c / AL-219 / EU854387 / EU979621
Triraphis sp. 3, Costa Rica d / AL-493 / EU854388 / EU979623
Triraphis sp. 4, Manu N. P., Madre de Dios, Peru c / AL-022 / EU854389 / –
Triraphis sp. 5, Manu N. P., Madre de Dios, Peru d / AL-062 / EU854390 / –
Triraphis sp. 6, Manu N. P., Madre de Dios, Peru c / AL-280 / EU854391 / –
Triraphis sp. 7, Las Cuevas, Belize d / AL-114 / EU854392 / –
Triraphis sp. 8, Las Cuevas, Belize c / BF000275 / EU854393 / –
Triraphis sp. 9, Manu N. P., Madre de Dios, Perú d / AL-064 / EU854394 / –
Triraphis sp. 10, Costa Rica d / AL-499 / EU854395 / –
Triraphis sp. 11, Kamarang, Guyana c / BF000698 / EU854396 / –
Stiropiini
Choreborogas sp., Costa Rica d / AL-508 / AY935447* / –
Polystenidea sp., Magdalena, Colombia b / Jo-821 / AY935448* / AY935374*
Stiropius sp., Costa Rica a / Jo-730 / AJ784961* / AY935373*
Yeliconini
Asiabregma sp., Malaysia c / – / AY935462* / –
Bulborogas sp. 1, Montagne de Kaw, French Guyana e / AL-203 / EU854359 / AY935372*
Bulborogas sp. 2, Caquetá, Chiribiqueta, Colombia c / AL-202 / AJ784930* / –
Facitorus sp., Hoa Binh, Mai Chau District, Vietnam a / Hym-011 / EU450765 / EU450766
Pseudoyelicones limonensis Areekul & Quicke, Quepos Province, Costa Rica h / Jo-738 / AJ784929* / –
Yelicones spectabile Areekul & Quicke, Tollara Province, Madagascar f / Jo-734 / AJ784319* / AY935375*
Yelicones nipponensis Togashi, Taiwan c / AJ784324* / –
Yelicones fischeri Areekul & Quicke, Tollara Province, Madagascar f / Jo-735 / AJ784318* / –
Yelicones zitanae Areekul & Quicke, La Selva Biological Station, Heredia, Costa Rica g / AL-116 / AJ784325* / –
Yelicones belokobylskiji, Quicke, Chisti & Chen, Chon Buri, Khao Kheon, Thailand c / AL-124 / AJ784322* / –
ALYSIINAE
Phaenocarpa ruficeps (Nees), Ascot, Bershire, UK b / Jo-641 / AY935424* / AY935344*
BETYLOBRACONINAE
Aulosaphobracon capitatus Belokobylskij & Long, Mai Chau, Hoa Binh, Vietnam a / – / EU450764 / –
Betylobracon waterhousi Tobias, Australia e / – / AJ245686* / –
Mesocentrus sp., Canberra, Australia b / Jo-645 / AY935461* / –
BRACONINAE
Bracon sp., Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda b / Jo-775 / AY935436* / AY935353*
Pseudoshirakia sp., South Korea c / – / AY935438* / AY935359*
Megacoeloides sp., Columbia c / – / AY935939* / AY935360*
Spinadesha sp., Malaysia c / – / AY935440* / AY935361*
DORYCTINAE
Aivalykus arawak Marsh, Costa Rica a / Jo-725 / AY935471* / AY935398*
Aivalykus cornicoxa (Braet & Barbalho), French Guyana (holotype) b / Jo-840 / EF645757* / EF645790*
Aivalykus sp., Costa Rica a / Jo-741 / EF645758* / EF645791*
Stenocorse sp., Belize a / Jo-750 / AY935475* / AY935402*
Heterospilus prosopidis Viereck, ex Silwood culture, UK e / Jo-601 / AY935469* / AY935396*
EXOTHECINAE
Colastes sp., Ascot, Berkshire, UK b / Jo-698 / AY935431* / AY935350*
Xenarcha abnormis (Wesmael), Primorski Krai, Russia a / Jo-883 / AY935434* / AY935352*
GNAMPTODONTINAE
Gnaptogaster astrachanica Belokobylskij, Astrakhan’ Province, Russia a / Jo-894 / AY935441* / AY935363*
HORMIINAE
Hormius sp., Mahajanga Province, Madagascar b / Jo-582 / AY935455* / AY935385*
Parahormius sp., Mt. Coupe, Cameroon a / Jo-576 / AY935456* / AY935386*
Pentatermus sp., Benin a / Jo-695 / AY935453* / AY935383*
LYSITERMINAE
Acanthormius sp., Madagascar a / Jo-692 / AJ302883* / AY935381*
Atritermus pedestris Belokobylskij, Zaldivar-Riverón & Quicke, Madagascar (paratype) a / – / DQ414401* / –
Carinitermus reticulatus, Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda c
Cedria sp., Madagascar a / Jo-579 / AY935460* / AY935390*
Katytermus sp., Honshu Hyogo, Kobe, Rokko Mts., Japan a / Hym-08 / EU854406 / EU979624
Lysitermus, sp., Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda a / AL-220 / EU854405 / –
Platyrmus maichaui, Lac Thinh Cuc Phuong N. P., Hoa Binh, Vietnam a / Hym-12 / EU854407 / –
Tetratermus sp., Kibale Forest N. P., Uganda a / Jo-703 / AY935452* / AY935382*
PAMBOLINAE
Pambolus sp., Choroni, Venezuela b / Jo-597 / AY935458* / AY935388*
Pseudorhysipolis sp., Costa Rica b / Jo-758 / AY935450* / AY935377*
Notiopambolus depressicauda Achterberg & Quicke, Canberra, Australia b / Jo-651 / AY935459* / AY935389*
RHYSSALINAE
Oncophanes sp., Ascot, Berkshire, UK e / – / AY935481* / AY935407*
Rhyssalus clavator Haliday, Kazimierz, Poland a / Jo-890 / AY935482* / AY935409*
RHYSIPOLINAE
Noserus flavicoxa (Tobias), Russia b / Jo-696 / AY935454* / AY935384*
Rhysipolis temporalis Belokobylskij, Primorskii Krai, Russia a / Jo-886 / AY935449* / AY935376*
Parachremylus sp., Nigeria c / BF000619 / EU854408 / EU979625
MESOSTOINAE
Andesipolis sp., Flor de Lago, Chile a / Jo-753 / AY935485* / AY935411*
Aspilodemon sp., Colombia a / Jo- 688 / AY935487* / AY935413*
Mesostoa kerri Austin & Wharton, Australia b / Jo-664 / AJ302930* / AY935415*
UNPLACED GENERA
Allobracon sp., Brazil e / – / AJ302886* / AY935391*
The given classification within Rogadinae presented is based on the results obtained in this study. Aleiodes species are grouped into the species-groups proposed by Fortier & Shaw (1999). * = Sequences obtained from previous works. Voucher specimens: a = Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia; b = Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, Netherlands; c = Natural History Museum, London, UK; d = National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland; e = not retained/unknown; f = California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA; g = University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA; h = Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica. 1 On GenBank as S. fuscipennis Brullé; this species was synonymised with S. armator Fabricius by van Achterberg (2007).