Supplementary Table 1: Knockdown of -catenin in astrocytes alters expression of 150 genes involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. PDA were transfected with -catenin siRNA or scrambled control. 72 h post-transfection, total RNA was isolated, converted to cDNA and subjected to microarray gene analysis as described in materials and methods. Table includes all genes with a fold-change in expression ≥ 1.5 relative to scrambled siRNA control (p<0.05).

Gene / Refseq / Name / Direction
CTNNB1 / NM_001904 / catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1 / down
IFI44L / NM_006820 / interferon-induced protein 44-like / down
IFIT1 / NM_001548 / interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 / down
IFI44 / NM_006417 / interferon-induced protein 44 / down
LIX1 / NM_153234 / Lix1 homolog (chicken) / down
SENP2 / NM_021627 / SUMO1/sentrin/SMT3 specific peptidase 2 / up
LAMC1 / NM_002293 / laminin, gamma 1 (formerly LAMB2) / up
SAR1B / NM_001033503 / SAR1 gene homolog B (S. cerevisiae) / up
MOBKL2B / NM_024761 / MOB1, Mps One Binder kinase activator-like 2B (yeast) / down
PMP2 / NM_002677 / peripheral myelin protein 2 / down
ACTR3B / NM_020445 / ARP3 actin-related protein 3 homolog B (yeast) / down
PPP1R1C / NM_001080545 / protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1C / down
FAM129A / NM_052966 / family with sequence similarity 129, member A / up
OTUD1 / AB188491 / OTU domain containing 1 / up
SNORA73A / NR_002907 / small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A / up
SCN3A / NM_006922 / sodium channel, voltage-gated, type III, alpha subunit / down
NAP1L5 / NM_153757 / nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 5 / up
AHR / NM_001621 / aryl hydrocarbon receptor / down
MOBKL1B / NM_018221 / MOB1, Mps One Binder kinase activator-like 1B (yeast) / down
PDE1C / NM_005020 / phosphodiesterase 1C, calmodulin-dependent 70kDa / up
GNG3 / NM_012202 / guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 3 / down
C14orf1 / chromosome 14 open reading frame 1 / up
ARHGAP29 / NM_004815 / Rho GTPase activating protein 29 / up
KIF5C / NM_004522 / kinesin family member 5C / down
MTDH / NM_178812 / metadherin / up
LANCL1 / NM_006055 / LanC lantibiotic synthetase component C-like 1 (bacterial) / down
LARP7 / NM_016648 / La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7 / up
BNIP2 / NM_004330 / BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 2 / up
C6orf115 / NM_021243 / chromosome 6 open reading frame 115 / up
CD2AP / NM_012120 / CD2-associated protein / up
HYDIN|HYDIN2 / NM_032821 / hydrocephalus inducing homolog (mouse) / down
SNORD82 / NR_004398 / small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 82 / up
REEP3 / NM_001001330 / receptor accessory protein 3 / up
ABAT / NM_020686 / 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase / down
NME5 / NM_003551 / non-metastatic cells 5, protein expressed in (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) / down
METTL7B / NM_152637 / methyltransferase like 7B / up
CDO1 / NM_001801 / cysteine dioxygenase, type I / down
C8orf40 / chromosome 8 open reading frame 40 / up
GABPA / NM_002040 / GA binding protein transcription factor, alpha subunit 60kDa / up
GALNT1 / NM_020474 / UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 (GalNAc-T1) / up
RGS4 / NM_001102445 / regulator of G-protein signaling 4 / up
RAB1A / NM_004161 / ras-related protein Rab-1A / up
DNAH7 / NM_018897 / dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 7 / down
TAGLN3 / NM_013259 / transgelin 3 / down
ABCD2 / NM_005164 / ATP-binding cassette, sub-family D (ALD), member 2 / down
B3GNT5 / NM_032047 / UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5 / down
DNER / NM_139072 / delta/notch-like EGF repeat containing / down
SYT1 / NM_005639 / synaptotagmin I / down
HERC6 / NM_017912 / hect domain and RLD 6 / down
CALU / NM_001219 / calumenin / down
LAMA4 / NM_001105206 / laminin, alpha 4 / up
REEP3 / NM_001001330 / receptor accessory protein 3 / up
NPNT / NM_001033047 / nephronectin / down
PIP4K2A / NM_005028 / phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase, type II, alpha / down
RBMS1 / BC051889 / RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein 1 / up
PEA15 / NM_003768 / phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 / down
RPL10 / NM_006013 / ribosomal protein L10 / down
LYN / NM_002350 / v-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homolog / down
XIRP1|FLJ43080 / xin actin-binding repeat containing 1 | hypothetical protein LOC642987 / down
TMEM108 / NM_023943 / transmembrane protein 108 / down
CLASP2 / NM_015097 / cytoplasmic linker associated protein 2 / down
M6PR / NM_002355 / mannose-6-phosphate receptor (cation dependent) / down
LPAR4 / NM_005296 / lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 / down
MAP2 / NM_002374 / microtubule-associated protein 2 / down
TMTC3 / NM_181783 / transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 3 / up
SAMD9L / NM_152703 / sterile alpha motif domain containing 9-like / down
PGD / NM_002631 / phosphogluconate dehydrogenase / down
PRPS1 / NM_002764 / phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 / up
RAP1B|hCG_1757335 / NM_015646 / RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family | hCG1757335 / up
NUCKS1 / NM_022731 / nuclear casein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 / up
C12orf23 / chromosome 12 open reading frame 23 / down
DCX / NM_000555 / doublecortex; lissencephaly, X-linked (doublecortin) / down
ARHGAP18 / NM_033515 / Rho GTPase activating protein 18 / down
SORL1 / NM_003105 / sortilin-related receptor, L(DLR class) A repeats-containing / up
FHL1 / NM_001449 / four and a half LIM domains 1 / down
FUT9 / NM_006581 / fucosyltransferase 9 (alpha (1,3) fucosyltransferase) / down
SNORD47|GAS5 / NR_002746 / small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 47 | growth arrest-specific 5 / up
MAOA / NM_000240 / monoamine oxidase A / down
RAP1B|hCG_1757335 / NM_015646 / RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family | hCG1757335 / up
SGTB / NM_019072 / small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-containing, beta / down
IDH1 / NM_005896 / isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), soluble / up
GOT2 / NM_002080 / glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, mitochondrial (aspartate aminotransferase 2) / down
G3BP2 / NM_203505 / GTPase activating protein (SH3 domain) binding protein 2 / down
CENPQ / NM_018132 / centromere protein Q / up
COPS2 / NM_004236 / COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 2 (Arabidopsis) / up
FLJ20160 / NM_017694 / major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 6 / down
LRRC49 / NM_017691 / leucine rich repeat containing 49 / down
TMEM2 / NM_013390 / transmembrane protein 2 / down
FAM70A / NM_017938 / family with sequence similarity 70, member A / up
C6orf165|SLC35A1 / chromosome 6 open reading frame 165 | solute carrier family 35 (CMP-sialic acid transporter), member A1 / down
WASL / NM_003941 / Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome-like / up
NEK4 / NM_003157 / NIMA (never in mitosis gene a)-related kinase 4 / down
CDC26|LOC729948|LOC730314 / NM_139286 / cell division cycle 26 homolog (S. cerevisiae) | similar to CDC26 subunit of anaphase promoting complex / down
SAMHD1 / NM_015474 / SAM domain and HD domain 1 / down
C1orf88 / NM_181643 / chromosome 1 open reading frame 88 / down
EBAG9 / NM_198120 / estrogen receptor binding site associated, antigen, 9 / up
FKBP2 / NM_004470 / FK506 binding protein 2, 13kDa / up
ABCA1 / NM_005502 / ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1 / up
IFITM1 / NM_003641 / interferon induced transmembrane protein 1 (9-27) / down
DCUN1D1 / NM_020640 / DCN1, defective in cullin neddylation 1, domain containing 1 (S. cerevisiae) / up
UXS1 / NM_025076 / UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase 1 / up
LSAMP / NM_002338 / limbic system-associated membrane protein / down
TMEM184B / NM_012264 / transmembrane protein 184B / up
C20orf69 / chromosome 20 open reading frame 69 / up
RNF180 / NM_001113561 / ring finger protein 180 / down
OLFML2B / NM_015441 / olfactomedin-like 2B / up
C20orf69 / chromosome 20 open reading frame 69 / up
SLC17A5 / NM_012434 / solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5 / down
BEX1 / NM_018476 / brain expressed, X-linked 1 / up
LRRC6 / BC030276 / leucine rich repeat containing 6 / down
CTNNAL1 / catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha-like 1 / up
KLHL4 / NM_019117 / kelch-like 4 (Drosophila) / down
NSMCE1 / NM_145080 / non-SMC element 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae) / down
RSHL3 / NM_001010892 / radial spokehead-like 3 / down
UBE2B / NM_003337 / ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2B (RAD6 homolog) / up
GCNT1 / NM_001490 / glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 1, core 2 (beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase) / up
CLCN3 / chloride channel 3 / down
GRK4 / NM_182982 / G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 / down
ADAMTS9 / NM_182920 / ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 / down
LOC100130425|GCRG224 / hypothetical protein LOC100130425 | GCRG-P224 / down
PAR5|SNRPN|SNORD64|PAR-SN / Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome-5 | small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N | small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 64 | paternally expressed transcript PAR-SN / up
PLOD1|LOC100130069 / procollagen-lysine 1, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 | hypothetical protein LOC100130069 / up
LOC554203 / Homo Sapiens hypothetical LOC554203 / up
NEDD4 / NM_006154 / neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4 / up
MUT / NM_000255 / methylmalonyl Coenzyme A mutase / down
SHC4 / NM_203349 / SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) family, member 4 / down
PROX1 / NM_002763 / prospero homeobox 1 / down
GBP3 / NM_018284 / guanylate binding protein 3 / down
GLUL / NM_002065 / glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthetase) / down
PAPSS1 / NM_005443 / 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1 / down
AKT3 / NM_181690 / v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma) / up
COPG / NM_016128 / coatomer protein complex, subunit gamma / down
LOC442228 / similar to dJ22I17.2 (novel protein with EGF-like and laminin G domains) / down
SAMD8 / NM_144660 / sterile alpha motif domain containing 8 / down
SLC7A11 / NM_014331 / solute carrier family 7, (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system) member 11 / down
ORMDL2 / NM_014182 / ORM1-like 2 (S. cerevisiae) / up
IFIT3 / NM_001031683 / interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 / down
SPATA6 / NM_019073 / spermatogenesis associated 6 / down
QTRTD1 / NM_024638 / queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase domain containing 1 / up
PRRC1 / NM_130809 / proline-rich coiled-coil 1 / down
ZNF761 / NM_001008401 / zinc finger protein 761 / down
BEX4 / NM_004330 / BEX family member 4 / up
STMN4 / NM_030795 / stathmin-like 4 / down
TBC1D14 / NM_020773 / TBC1 domain family, member 14 / down
SOX5 / NM_152989 / SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 5 / down
MIPEP / NM_005932 / mitochondrial intermediate peptidase / down
GOLT1B / NM_016072 / golgi transport 1 homolog B (S. cerevisiae) / up
PTN / NM_002825 / pleiotrophin (heparin binding growth factor 8, neurite growth-promoting factor 1) / down
C10orf118 / chromosome 10 open reading frame 118 / up
STX2 / NM_194356 / syntaxin 2 / up

Supplementary Table 2: Knockdown of -catenin in astrocytes alters expression of genes involved in inflammation, amino acid uptake and catabolism, apoptosis/cellular stress and cytoskeletal organization/trafficking. PDA were transfected with -catenin siRNA or scrambled control. 72 h post-transfection, total RNA was isolated, converted to cDNA and subjected to microarray gene analysis as described in materials and methods. All reported genes showed a significant fold-change in expression relative to scrambled control (p<0.05).

Gene / Refseq / Name / Direction
Inflammation/Immunity:
DDX58 / NM_014314 / DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 58; RIG-I / Down
MTDH / NM_178812 / Metadherin; astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) / Up
TNFRSF1A / NM_001065 / Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1A / Up
Uptake/transporters:
GRIA1 / NM_000827 / Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA1 / Up
GRIN2D / NM_000836 / Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2D / Down
GRM8 / NM_001127323 / Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (Group III) / Down
Neurotransmitter biosynthesis/catabolism:
GLUL / AY513283 / Glutamine synthetase; glutamate-ammonia ligase / Down
ABAT / NM_020686 / 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase; GABA transferase / Down
Vesicular transport/Exocytosis:
SDC2 / NM_002998 / Syndecan 2 / Up
SDCBP / NM_080489 / Syndecan binding protein; Syntenin / Down
SYT1 / NM_005639 / Synaptotagmin 1 / Down
STX2 / NM_194356 / Syntaxin 2 / Up
STX12 / NM_177424 / Syntaxin 12 / Up
Apoptosis/Cellular stress:
CALU / NM_001219 / Calumenin / Down
BNIP2 / NM_004330 / BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 2 / Up
NME5 / NM_003551 / Inhibitor of p53-induced apoptosisb (IPIAb) / Down
PEA15 / NM_003768 / Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15; HMAT1 / Down
Cytoskeletal/Trafficking:
CLASP2 / NM_015097 / Cytoplasmic linker associated protein 2 / Down
DCX / NM_000555 / Doublecortin/Doublecortex / Down
SNX2 / NM_003100 / Sorting nexin 2 / Down
WASL / NM_003941 / Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome-like / Up

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