SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
FIRE INJURY REDUCES THE INDUCIBLE RESPONSE OF LODGEPOLE PINE AGAINST MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE
Erinn N. Powell1 and Kenneth F. Raffa1
1University of Wisconsin, Departments of Entomology and Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Madison, WI 53706
TABLE 1. EFFECT OF FIRE INJURY CATEGORY, INDUCTION TREATMENT, AND BOLE ASPECT ON TOTAL MONOTERPENE AND ADDITIONAL VOLATILE CONCENTRATIONS (mg/g PHLOEM).
Unburned / Low / Moderate / HighConstitutive / Induced / Constitutive / Induced / Constitutive / Induced / Constitutive / Induced
North / South / North / South / North / South / North / South / Un-burn / Burn / Un-burn / Burn / Un-burn / Burn / Un-burn / Burn
Mean / 6440a / 2880a / 12700 / 13900 / 4190 / 3780 / 4750b / 10200b / 4810 / 2670 / 5630 / 8670 / 4860 / 4090 / 9980 / 4730
St. error / 687 / 429 / 1060 / 1810 / 513 / 457 / 548 / 1030 / 587 / 296 / 902 / 1213 / 710 / 554 / 1410 / 772
N / 50 / 50 / 50 / 50 / 48 / 50 / 50 / 50 / 49 / 50 / 47 / 48 / 50 / 50 / 42 / 50
a Statistically significant difference between unburned, constitutive north aspect and south aspect, T-test: t = 4.09, P < 0.001;
b Statistically significant difference between low, induced north aspect and south aspect, T-test: t = -4.03, P < 0.001
TABLE 2. MEAN AND STANDARD ERROR OF TREE HEIGHT, HILLSIDE SLOPE STEEPNESS, UTM-EASTING, AND UTM-NORTHING FOR TREES OF EACH FIRE INJURY CATEGORY.
Mean / Std. Error / Mean / Std. Error / Mean / Std. Error / Mean / Std. Error
Height (m) / 23 / 0.32 / 19 / 0.52 / 23 / 0.5 / 18 / 0.59
Slope Steepness (degrees) / 7.3 / 0 / 17 / 0.32 / 17 / 1.2 / 24 / 0.6
UTM-Easting / 548328 / 0 / 548464 / 4.2 / 548739 / 65 / 548340 / 4.8
UTM-Northing / 4938992 / 0 / 4938782 / 8.7 / 4938207 / 31 / 4938571 / 14
TABLE 3. EFFECTS OF FIRE INJURY ON CONCENTRATIONS OF CONSTITUTIVE MONOTERPENE AND ADDITIONAL VOLATILES (mg/ g DRY PHLOEM) BY KRUSKAL-WALLIS RANK SUM.
(-) α-Pinene / 121.0 ± 13.47 / 135.0 ± 13.77 / 145.7 ± 18.34 / 223.2 ± 30.65 / 6.95 / 3 / 0.073
(+) α-Pinene / 35.78 ± 6.246 / 50.58 ± 6.390 / 50.76 ± 7.741 / 79.61 ± 14.29 / 8.77 / 3 / 0.032
Myrcene / 205.6 ± 42.83 / 173.6 ± 35.80 / 109.8 ± 18.74 / 80.43 ± 16.13 / 7.49 / 3 / 0.058
(-) Camphene / 2.580 ± 1.898 / 1.354 ± 0.6784 / 0.4804 ± 0.4804 / 1.946 ± 1.053 / 2.65 / 3 / 0.448
(+) Camphene / 2.550 ± 2.011 / 3.634 ± 1.906 / 0.4655 ± 0.4655 / 0.3889 ± 0.3889 / 9.95 / 3 / 0.019
(+) 3-Carene / 0 / 0.2142 ± 0.2142 / 0 / 0 / 3.00 / 3 / 0.392
(+) β-Pinene / 672.9 ± 129.4 / 415.9 ± 107.8 / 345.9 ± 75.56 / 606.6 ± 141.5 / 11.40 / 3 / 0.010
α-Terpinene / 0.5909 ± 0.4354 / 0.3743 ± 0.3743 / 0 / 0.7036 ± 0.7036 / 2.01 / 3 / 0.570
(-) β-Pinene / 427.6 ± 45.76 / 515.1 ± 64.73 / 482.7 ± 69.17 / 697.9 ± 92.35 / 5.10 / 3 / 0.165
(+) Limonene / 2.336 ± 1.500 / 8.152 ± 4.225 / 20.79 ± 7.198 / 33.64 ± 6.565 / 36.77 / 3 / < 0.001
β-Phellandrene / 2972 ± 294.3 / 2427 ± 246.3 / 2387 ± 249.1 / 2632 ± 345.0 / 23.95 / 3 / 0.494
Terpinolene / 99.60 ± 21.26 / 59.96 ± 13.72 / 34.05 ± 7.047 / 19.15 ± 3.856 / 19.77 / 3 / < 0.001
Linalool / 0.3454 ± 0.3106 / 0.8789 ± 0.4551 / 1.367 ± 1.367 / 0.1990 ± 0.1224 / 3.46 / 3 / 0.326
4-Allylanisole / 35.73 ± 7.688 / 22.11 ± 4.822 / 17.37 ± 4.684 / 11.31 ± 4.674 / 14.49 / 3 / 0.002
α-Terpineol / 0 / 1.401 ± 0.9869 / 1.585 ± 0.8614 / 32.48 ± 19.61 / 9.14 / 3 / 0.027
Borneol / 0.6618 ± 0.5804 / 0.9060 ± 0.7058 / 5.439 ± 2.949 / 0.3744 ± 0.3744 / 2.41 / 3 / 0.492
Geraniol / 1.117 ± 0.6354 / 3.274 ± 2.217 / 7.624 ± 4.818 / 0.5271 ± 0.5271 / 2.83 / 3 / 0.419
(-) trans-Caryophyllene / 82.55 ± 20.64 / 79.00 ± 18.01 / 48.99 ± 15.37 / 1.977 ± 1.977 / 45.47 / 3 / < 0.001
Bbornyl Acetate / 0.0324 ± 0.0324 / 1.359 ± 1.0563 / 0 / 0 / 3.73 / 3 / 0.292
TABLE 4. EFFECTS OF FIRE INJURY ON CONCENTRATIONS OF INDUCED MONOTERPENES AND ADDITIONAL VOLATILES (mg/ g DRY PHLOEM) BY KRUSKAL-WALLIS RANK SUM.
(-) α-Pinene / 420.7 ± 38.23 / 263.5 ± 20.49 / 278.2 ± 31.04 / 323.2 ± 647.57 / 12.21 / 3 / 0.007
(+) α-Pinene / 211.9 ± 21.33 / 129.3 ± 13.57 / 110.5 ± 12.67 / 117.6 ± 21.85 / 23.97 / 3 / < 0.001
Myrcene / 333.1 ± 35.83 / 221.2 ± 26.52 / 174.9 ± 28.65 / 119.6 ± 30.56 / 44.23 / 3 / < 0.001
(-) Camphene / 15.16 ± 4.578 / 12.69 ± 3.764 / 6.565 ± 2.782 / 0 / 18.99 / 3 / < 0.001
(+) Camphene / 15.27 ± 4.720 / 17.50 ± 4.639 / 1207 ± 4.234 / 0 / 20.34 / 3 / < 0.001
(+) β-Pinene / 2036 ± 304.7 / 991.8 ± 155.0 / 850.2 ± 180.1 / 900.8 ± 204.1 / 30.46 / 3 / < 0.001
(-) β-Pinene / 1135 ± 120.7 / 917.2 ± 102.4 / 857.5 ± 107.1 / 1102 ± 155.4 / 3.06 / 3 / 0.382
(+) Limonene / 5.002 ± 3.001 / 20.87 ± 4.857 / 39.08 ± 9.109 / 58.47 ± 17.78 / 20.14 / 3 / < 0.001
β-Phellandrene / 8762 ± 831.3 / 4724 ± 419.3 / 4486 ± 520.1 / 3738 ± 524.0 / 33.91 / 3 / < 0.001
Terpinolene / 174.4 ± 26.14 / 77.75 ± 11.99 / 59.80 ± 11.99 / 16.74 ± 7.480 / 71.99 / 3 / < 0.001
Linalool / 0 / 4.827 ± 1.610 / 0.4221 ± 0.4221 / 0 / 30.07 / 3 / < 0.001
4- Allylanisole / 72.30 ± 10.82 / 32.58 ± 5.761 / 18.45 ± 6.653 / 25.91 ± 16.52 / 60.02 / 3 / < 0.001
α-Terpineol / 9.458 ± 7.534 / 2.563 ± 1.226 / 3.938 ± 6.653 / 0 / 6.09 / 3 / 0.107
Borneol / 0 / 5.762 ± 3.427 / 9.810 ± 9.810 / 23.33 ± 17.63 / 6.93 / 3 / 0.074
Geraniol / 0.5292 ± 0.5292 / 4.415 ± 2.211 / 0.6211 ± 0.5027 / 0 / 5.30 / 3 / 0.152
(-) trans-Caryophyllene / 50.69 ± 15.18 / 49.37 ± 12.99 / 33.19 ± 12.89 / 7.544 ± 7.544 / 32.57 / 3 / < 0.001
Bornyl Acetate / 1.925 ± 1.396 / 1.137 ± 0.7322 / 0.7186 ± 0.7186 / 1.749 ± 1.535 / 0.94 / 3 / 0.816
trans-β-Ocimene / 0 / 0 / 0 / 7.144 ± 7.144 / 2.98 / 3 / 0.395