Study, Study, Study Name ______

  1. NAFTA was designed to promote freeTrade between Mexico, Canada and United States.
  1. The Aztec Empire was in modern Mexico. They were defeated because the Spanish had superior weapons and carried European diseases that spread throughout the Empire killing many of the indigenous people.
  1. The Spanish Conquistadors came to the Americas looking for gold, glory and to spread Christianity to the indigenous people.
  1. The Incan Empire was in the AndesMountains. They had to build terracesto farm high in the mountains. Their leader,Atahualpa, was captured by Pizarro. Atahualpa offered Pizarro a room full of gold for his freedom. He was killed anyway.
  1. List three ways the Spanish affected the Native people of the Americas.

-died of European diseases

-changed religion

-made into slaves

  1. Usually the higher the literacy rate the higher the standard of living.
  1. Toussaint L’Ouverture led Haiti to independence.
  1. Spain changed the countries of Latin America forever. This is evident because their main language is Spanish and their main religion is Catholic.
  1. Miguel Hidalgo helped to lead Mexico to independence.
  1. Slaves were brought over from Africa to take the place of Native Americans that had died from overwork and European diseases.
  1. The slaves came on ships. Their journey was called the Middle Passage. They were usually chained in the bottom of the ship with very little food and water.
  1. Canada is a bilingual nation because they were colonized by the French and British.
  1. The people of Canada mostly live in the southern region because of the milder climate.
  1. Quebec is a province of Canada that wants to become independent. They are afraid their French language and culture will be replaced with the English language and culture. They are called separatist.
  1. Canada received their independence from Britain through a series of Peaceful negotiations.
  1. The original settlers of Australia were the Aborgines.
  1. Australia was colonized by the British, therefore they speak English. It was used as a Penal colony until gold was discovered.
  1. Goods, ideas, diseases, animals, and plants went back and forth between the Americas and Europe. This exchange was known as the Columbian Exchange.
  1. Most of the agriculture centers of Europe are located on the Northern European Plains because of the fertile soil.
  1. Throughout history, the four things that have had the most impact on where people have chosen to live include closeness bodies of water, access to natural resources, availability of flat, fertile farmland and mild climate.
  1. Wind currents carry toxic smoke from other countries’ factories into Germany causing their main environmental issue acid rain.
  1. Chernobyl, Ukraine was the location of the worst nuclear disaster.
  1. If a country has a high literacy rate it can be assumed they will have a high standard of living.
  1. European explorers first began to find a direct trade route to Asia for their spices and silks.
  1. In the 1400’s Prince Henry the Navigator helped Portugal take an early lead in exploration by providing money to study navigation, develop better boats and encourage voyages along the coast of Africa.
  1. List 3 reason Europeans colonized other nations

1) Gold

2) God

3) Glory

  1. Militarism, nationalism, alliances and colonialism are all indirect caused of World War I.
  1. The European Union was developed in the 1990s; its main goal was to improve trade among its member countries.
  1. Describe an Autocratic government. A government with one person in change and the citizens have little to not rights and freedoms.
  1. Describe a democratic government. A government where the citizens make the decisions through voting.
  1. Explain the structure of a unitary government. Strong central government with weak regional government. The Central government runs the country. They can be democratic or autocratic.
  2. Explain the structure of a federal government.Government where the central government and the regional government works together to run the country.
  1. In 1918, the Czar of Russian was overthrown resulting in Russia becoming a communist nation. This

event was known as the Russian Revolution

  1. Germany was punished severely by the Treaty of Versallies so they would not be able to start another war in the future.
  1. Adolf Hitler became very popular in Germany because he attempted to restore the pride in Germany. He completely ignored the conditions of the Treaty of Versallies and created more jobs.
  1. Explain how Jews were treated while the Nazis were in power. (more than concentration camps)

Forced from their homes, schools and jobs.

  1. The Holocaust is the term used to describe the systematic murder of more than six million Jews, Gypsies, Slavs, disabled people and political opponents.
  1. After WWII Germany was divided; the United States, France and the United Kingdom occupied West Germany and the Soviet Union occupied East Germany.
  1. Most Western European countries were constitutional monarchies or democracies. Most Eastern European countries had Soviet controlled communist governments.
  1. The Cold War was a time of great political tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union which never resulted in the two countries fighting against one another.
  1. The Berlin Wall located in Germany was the real-world structure that symbolized the “Iron Curtain” and the separation of East from West.
  1. The people in East Germany risked their lives trying to cross over into West Germany because there was a higher standard of living a freedom in West Germany.
  1. The people in countries under the control of the Soviet Union were poor and hungry because a great deal of money/resources were wasted in putting animals/people in space and building up nuclear weapons.