Study PROBLEMS 2016
Population Change,
1.Population Change = (Births + Immigration) – ( Deaths + Emmigration)
. Globally: Crude BR (birth rate) =22, crude DR(death rate) = 9 determine r, the %increase or decrease. = ?
22-9=13 13/10= 1.3
2. More Developed Countries (MDCs) crude BR (birth rate) = 11 (that is 11 out of 1000)crude DR(death rate) = 10 (that is 10 out of 1000). Determine r, the %increase or decrease
11-10 = 1 1/1000 *100 =.1% increase
3. Given the global r =3, what is the current doubling time for the population?
70/3=23.3 so after 231/3 years…. Population will double.
4. If a city of population of 10,000 experiences 200 births, 80 deaths, 20 immigrants, and 60 emigrants in the course of a year, what is its net annual percentage growth rate?
(200+ 20)- (80+60) is the percent change…. 80 new people per year
80 is what percent of 10,000
80= r *10,000 = growth rate is .008 or .8%
5. A country currently has a population of 200m and an annual growth rate of 3.0%. If the growth rate remains constant, after 70 years, the population will be approximately?
70/3 = 23.33 (rule of 70) There will be 3 doublings over 70 years.
200m + 200 m is one doubling
400m + 400m a second doubling
800m +800m is a third doubling that would be 1600m
6. Globally, over the past 100 years, which has dropped more dramatically? The BR (birth rate) or DR(death rate)? Offer 3 reasons why.
DR dropped more dramatically because better Medicine, nutrition, health care, education. Rise in population is caused largely by the decline in death rate.
7. What are five major factors that affect TFR? Explain them briefly.
Education, urbanization, cost of child rearing, culture, religion, avail of contraceptives,
8. In 1999, Australia had a crude birth rate of 16 and a crude death rate of 8. Based on these figures, the annual rate of increase or decrease, expressed as a percent, equals?
16-8 = 8 8/10= .8 because crude birth and death rates are based on 1000 people and 1000/100 10 Ans. . 8%
9. In 1999, Denmark had a crude birth rate of 16 and a death rate of 13. Based on these figures, the annual rate of increase or decrease, expressed as a percent is what?
16-13=33/10=.3%
10. Determine the growth rate of apopulation of 100,000 people when there were 550 births, 90 deaths, 70 immigrants and 50 emigrants in a given year.
(550 + 70) – (90+50) = 620 – 140 = 480480/100,000 =.0048 or Ans .48%
11. If a city of population of 10,000 experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants in the course of a year, what is its net annual percentage growth rate?
(100+ 10)- (40+30) is the percent change…. 40 new people per year
40 is what percent of 10,000
40= r *10,000 = growth rate is .004 or.4%
12. Define crude birth rate-The number of live biths per 1000 people.
Define crude death rate- The number of deaths per 1000 people
Define fertility rate, (TFR) The average number of children each woman has over her lifetime, expressed as a rate based on fertility occurring during a particular year.
13. Give 3 reasons why humans would be considered K strategests and 3 they might be considered r strategists.
K- low reproductive potential, fewer offspring, care for young, remain close to carrying capacity, long life spans, older age at first reproduction,
r- high reproductive potential, breed rapidly, many young, short life span, exponential growth, quite adaptable in variety of habitats
14. A country currently has a population of 200m and an annual growth rate of 3.0%. If the growth rate remains constant, after 70 years, the population will be approximately?
70/3 = 23.33 (rule of 70) There will be 3 doublings over 70 years.
200m + 200 m is one doubling
400m + 400m a second doubling
800m +800m is a third doubling that would be 1600m
15. What are five major factors that affect TFR? Explain them briefly.
Education, urbanization, cost of child rearing, culture, religion, avail of contraceptives,
16. The Demographic Transition – some form of braking mechanism must operate to control totally unregulated population
The 1st Stage = of process – and demographic transition model – characterized by high birth and high but fluctuating death rates. When births only slightly exceed deaths – the population will grow only slowly.
From 1 AD to 1650 – for population to increase from 250 million to 500 million = Doubling Time of over millenium and a half. Offset by sometimes catastrophic decline – like bubonic plague. This 1st Stage no longer found in any country
Western Europe entered 2nd Stage with industrialization 1750 – it’s effects – declining death rates with high birth rates have dispersed worldwide without universal industrial economies
Third Stage = when birth rates decline as people begin to control family size.
Urban, industrialized societies may view kids as economic liabilities, instead of assets as agrarian societies do.
When birth rate falls and death rate remains low – population size begins to level off.
4th Stage – End of model – final stage – characterized by very low birth and death rates. This results in very slight % increases in population and doubling times stretching to l,000 years or more.
Extension of 4th Stage into 5th Stage – population decrease has so far been confined to rich, industrialized countries
17. Consider the demographic pyramids below
Compare Kenya with Sweden… discuss differences you notice.
a)Analyze the Population pyramids
How would you describe each country’s population dynamics. Use terms such as stable, growing, declining.
b)What conclusion could you mak about US requirements in 2030?
Population pyramids also foretell future problems from present population policies or practices.
Kenya growing population with most people in growing stages
Country with high % of young has high demand for educational facilities and health delivery services. Women die about the age of 50
Sweden stable with higher percentage of women
Percentage in older age groups declines successively with markedly sloping sides.
Proportion of females greater than Kenya
12.What conclusion can you make about the US requirments in 2030?
The % of a country’s population in each age group strongly influences demand for goods and services within that national economy.
18. The population of the city of Greenfield is approximately 13,800 in 2007. If 100 people move out of town, 60 people move in, 75 die and 25 are born, what is the population in 2008.
(25 + 60) – (75 + 100) = (85 -175) = -90 a loss of 90 people in 2007
Population would be 13,710
19.
. The population in Greenfield grew from 13,768 in2007 to 17, 486 in 2015, What is the average number of people per year.What was the percent increase over that period of time?
17,486- 13,768= 3718 =
3718/13768 = .27/8 = .034 *100 =3% growth rate
Greenfield Census information
Population in July 2007: 13,768.
Males: 6,491 / (47.1%)Females: 7,277 / (52.9%)
Median resident age: / 38.4 years
Massachusetts median age: / 36.5 years
Estimated median household income in 2009: $37,224 (it was $30,939 in 2000)
Greenfield: / $37,224Massachusetts: / $64,081
Estimated per capita income in 2009: $23,441
Estimated median household income in 2013: $39,720 (it was $30,939 in 2000)
Greenfield: / $39,720MA: / $66,768
Estimated per capita income in 2013: $26,480 (it was $18,108 in 2000)
Greenfield CDP income, earnings, and wages data
Estimated median house or condo value in 2013: $180,486 (it was $99,100 in 2000)
MA: / $327,200
17,486 / In 2015