Study Guide- Tools of Astronomy

Study Guide- Tools of Astronomy

Note- this is a guide only and in no way constitutes all items on the test.

Answer all questions in complete sentences on your own paper.

Figure 1

1. Look at figure 1 . The figure at the top is a star. The 10 figures below are possible elements in the star. List all elements present in the star.
2. Which is brighter, a -9 magnitude star or a +10 magnitude star? Explain your answer.

3. A. What are the 7 spectral classes B. How do they relate to the temperature and color of a star.

4. Analyze an H-R diagram (figure 2):

a. What is the placement of a star that is hot and bright?

b. What is the placement of a star that is cool and bright?

c. What is the placement of a star that is hot and moderate temperature?

5. Distinguishamong types of electromagnetic radiation.

A. Which forms of light has the highest and lowest frequencies and wavelengths?

B. Which forms of visible light has the highest and lowest frequencies and wavelengths?

6. Describecharacteristic in common with all types of electromagnetic radiation.

7. a. What type of lens is used in telescopes? B. What is the difference between an objective lens and an eyepiece lens?

8. Make a Venn diagram to compare and contrast telescopes and spectroscopes.

9. Make a Venn diagram to distinguishbetween refracting and reflecting telescopes.

10. A. Distinguishamong the units of space measurement AU, Kilometers, light year.

B. Which units are most and least helpful for distances in the Solar system? Explain your reasoning.

11. A. List AND Explain the steps of stellar evolution. B. List the type of fuel associated with each step. C. List the sequence of evolution for high and low mass stars.

12. List,in order, the steps of hydrogen fusion. Figure 2

13. Compare and contrast the planets.

a. What are the largest and smallest planets.

b. Which planets have the longest and shortest periods of rotation?

c. Which planets are most and least dense?

d. Which planets have no moons, have two or fewer moons, have more than 10 moons.

e. List a major feature of each planet.

14. Calculate and make a scale model of the solar system. What is the scale distance of a planet 9.54AU from the Sun if the scale is 2 AU per 4 cm?

15. Pollox is a red star. In this star 3 Helium are converted to 1 Carbon. If Helium has an atomic mass of 4.003 and Carbon has an atomic mass of 12.00…

1. How much mass is converted to energy during Helium fusion? Show your work
2. How many watts of energy is produced?

SHOW YOUR WORK

Formula- E=mc2 (hint- c = speed of light 300,000km/sec) figure 3

16. What is the difference between, bright line spectra, absorption spectra, and continuous spectra?

17. Make a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the Big Bang and steady state theories.

18. What is a nebula, what is a nebula composed of, and what are the percentages of each component?

19. What causes the temperature of a star to increase?

20. What fuel is being burnt in a main sequence star, what fuel is being produced?

21. How is star size related to length of life cycle?

22. Use figure 3 to answer the following

a. Compare the temperature and brightness of Mira to Rigel.

b. Compare the temperature and brightness of Procyon B to Procyon A.

c. Compare the temperature and brightness of Achernar to Almach.

23. Why can our star not become a supergiant?