Study Guide 3 Bio 4 C. Shannon (9th edition) Summer 2012
Chapters: 14, 15, 20, 23, 46, 47, 21
Ch. 14 Mendelian Genetics
Mendel, pea plants, P generation, F1, F2 generation, karyotype, genes, trait, Punnett square, dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, monohybrid, dihybrid, allele, genotype, phenotype, punnett square, testcross, incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and ABO blood groups, Rh factor, pedigree, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, Huntington's disease, sickle-cell disease, carriers, amniocentesis, chorionic villi, ultrasound, fetoscopy
Be able to work genetics problems (make punnett squares for monohybrid and dihybrid crosses) and be able to correctly list genotypic and phenotypic RATIOS.
Ch. 15 Inheritance
Morgan and white eyed vs. wild type fruit flies, mutant phenotype, sex-linked genes, examples like hemophilia, sex-influenced trait, nondisjunction, aneuploidy, translocation, Down Syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, metafemale, XYY syndrome
Ch. 20 DNA Technology
genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, biotechnology, restriction enzymes (endonuclease), restriction fragments, gene therapy, DNA ligase, gel electrophoresis, what is PCR and how is it used?, RFLP, applications of RFLP, forensic uses of DNA technology, DNA fingerprinting, agricultural uses of DNA technology, safety and ethical issues (p.422-423) and other areas of this chapter), genomics, human genome project, bioinformatics, DNA microarrays, proteomics, stem cells, cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cells, cloning
Ch. 23 Population Genetics
smallest units that can evolve--why?, species, population, genome, gene pool, microevolution, Hardy-Weinberg Law (Theorem), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, p2 + 2pq +q2 = 1, 1-p = q and vice versa, How is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium relevant to a study of microevolution, conditions for Hardy-Weinberg, problems such as the ones on the handout involving H-W law, 5 agents of microevolution, genetic drift, bottleneck effect, Founder Effect, mutation , nonrandom mating, natural selection, assortive mating, gene flow, adaptive evolution, fitness, female choice, stabilizing selection, directional selection, diversifying selection, sexual dimorphism, the 4 reasons evolution doesn't make perfect organisms
Ch. 46 Animal Reproduction
sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, budding, fragmentation, gametes, zygote, ovum, spermatozoan, parthenogenesis,
hermaphroditism, cloaca, testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland), seminiferous tubule, interstitial cells, urethra, acro-
some, hernia, semen, follicle, ovary, vagina, uterus, cervix, fallopian tube, endometrium, perineum, fimbriae, labia majora, labia minora, vulva,
ovarian cycle, menstrual cycle, menstruation, follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases, LH, FSH, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, gametogensis, human sexual physiology, organogenesis, conception, placenta, amniotic fluid, contraceptive sponge, diaphragm, IUD, condom, pill (oral contraceptive), ovulation, tubal ligation, vasectomy, spermicide, implantation, gestation, trimesters, conception, placenta, blastocyst, mammary glands, lactation, menopause, corpus luteum, HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), umbilical cord, chorionic villi sampling, amniocentesis, ultrasound, fetoscopy, parturition, birth, afterbirth, in vitro fertilization
Ch. 47 Animal Development
differentiation, fertilization, endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm, gastrula, blastula, morula, blastomeres, blastocoel, blastopore, blastocyst, inner cell mass, trophoblast, cleavage, archenteron, chorion, amnion, allantois, yolk sac, gastrulation, meroblastic vs. holoblastic cleavage, involution
Ch 21 Differential Gene Expression
Genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, homeobox, Hox genes, apoptosis
You may have multiple choice, true/false, matching, definitions, short answer, essays and fill-in-the-blanks, and "yes" spelling counts!!!!
Sample Essays
1. It is very likely you will have genetics problems on this exam, so be prepared! In place of essay some questions you will have to figure out genetics problems--showing Punnett squares and correct ratios.
2. List and discuss 3 of the safety and ethical issues on page 422-423. Give the explanation from the book and also include your opinion.
3. Summarize the main points of the article, "Ecological and genetic factors in Conservation: A Cautionary Tale."
4. Summarize a process discussed in chapter 20 and explain why it is a technological advancement.
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