Station Port Aransas, Texas

Reserve Study Guide

Boat Crewmen Study Guide

Crew Efficiency Factors and Team Coordination

Crewman Responsibilities

Crew members safely perform their duties under the supervision of a coxswain. They stand:
Helm.
Lookout
Towing watches.
Anchor watch.

They also:
Rig towing and mooring lines.
Act as the surface swimmer.
Administer first aid.
Operate damage control equipment.

This position provides valuable training for future duties and responsibilities

Fatigue

Fatigue Causes

Operating in extreme hot or cold conditions
Eye strain
Effort of holding and maintaining balance
Stress
Exposure to noise
Exposure to sun
Poor physical conditioning
Lack of sleep
Boredom

Crewmen Responsibility

Watch each other’s condition to prevent excessive fatigue from taking its toll.

Symptoms

Inability to focus
Mental confusion or judgment error
Decreased motor skills and sensory ability
Increased irritability
Decreased performance
Decreased concern for safety

Prevention

Adequate rest
Appropriate dress for conditions
Rotate crew duties
Provide food and refreshments
Observe other crewmembers for signs

Motion Sickness

Motion sickness is nausea caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear that senses motion

Causes

Mental and physical stress from the rolling or pitching motion of a boat.
Chart work or other tasks that require close attention.

Symptoms

Nausea and vomiting
Increased salivation
Unusual paleness
Sweating
Drowsiness
Weakness
Stomach discomfort

Prevention

Stay out of confined spaces
Stay above deck in fresh air
Look towards the horizon or shoreline
Avoid smoking

Medication

Scopolamine patches

Team Coordination

Seven Team Coordination Skills
Mission Analysis
Communication
Situational Awareness
Assertiveness
Leadership
Adaptability and Flexibility
Decision Making

First Aid and Survival

Bleeding Control

Control of severe hemorrhage is always urgent. With only 10 pints of blood in the human body, arterial bleeding can cause death in a short time.

Types of Bleeding

Arterial
Blood coming from an artery, bright red, gushes in jets with pulse
Venous
Blood coming from a vein, dark red, steady flow
Capillary
Blood coming from smaller vein, bright red, oozes from wound

Control of Bleeding

Bandage
Direct Pressure
Pressure Points
Facial
Temporal
Subclavian
Carotid
Axiillary
Brachial
Child pulse
Radial
Femoral
Popliteal
DoralisPedis
Tourniquet

Burns

Causes of burns

Thermal
Chemical
Sunburn
Electric Shock
Radiation

Burn Classification /Burn First Aid

First-Degree
Outer layer of skin, redness, warmth, tenderness and mild pain.
Immerse in cool water
Flush chemical for 20 min
Cover with clean sterile dressing
Second- Degree
Inner Layers of skin, not prevent rapid regeneration, blisters, severe pain, redness and warmth.
Same a 1st
Don’t break blisters
Third-Degree
Penetrate full thickness of skin, possible white and lifeless to black.
Same as 1st and 2nd
Cover burn reduce air exposure
Don’t remove clothing unless smoldering
Treat for shock
Assess vitals every 5 min.
No ice
No ointment

CPR

CPR Procedures

Area safe
PPE, Gloves etc.
Check responsiveness “Are you OK?”
Notify EMS
Put on their back
Tilt head back
Look, Listen & Feel for 5-10 sec.
2 breaths 2 sec. each
Look, Listen & Feel
2 breaths to 30 compressions

Hypothermia & Cold Water Survival

Hypothermia Symptoms

Pale
Skin cold
Pupils are dilated
Poor coordination
Slurred speech
Incoherent thinking
Unconsciousness
Muscle rigidity
Weak pulse
Labored breathing
Irregular hear beat

(HELP) Heat Escape Lessoning Position

Heat Exhaustion

Symptoms

When suffering from heat exhaustion, a person collapses and sweats profusely. The victim has pale skin, a pounding heart, nausea, headache, and acts restless

Heat Stroke

Symptoms

Red skin, hot and dry to the touch (cessation of sweating).
Characteristic body temperature above 105° F (40.5° C).
Headache.
Weak and rapid pulse.
Confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, and/or unconsciousness.
Brain damage (if immediate medical treatment is not given).

Survival Vest and Contents

Survival Vest

Type V PFD
6 pockets

Contents

Signaling Mirror
Great Distances
Signal Whistle
Heard up to 1,100 yards
Smoke and Illumination Signal, MK-124
20 sec. burn time, day end orange smoke, night end red flair, 45°
Illumination Signal Kit, MK-79
250-650 feet, 4.5 sec burn time, 12,000 candle power, 7 MK-80s & 1 MK-31
Distress Signal Light
Intermittent flashing white, 100,000 candle power, 9hr cont. 18hr inter., vis. 5 miles
Survival Knife
Personal Locator Beacon
406 MHz & 121.5 MHz, within 3NM in 90min.,

Capsizing & Emergency Egress

Egress Procedures

Brace for impact
Remain strapped in until motion has subsided
Plan egress with crew
Best swimmer first then the weakest swimmer

Swim clear and away
Muster account for missing
Remain upwind/up current
Attempt to climb on hull
Check injuries provide first aid
Inventory signaling equipment, PLB
Check for gas before lighting off pyro
Stay with the boat

Marlinspike Seamanship, Boat Nomenclature, and Stability

Boat Nomenclature & Terminology

Boat Outfit List & Stowage Plan

Anchor Compartment
Fortress 7lb Anchor
200ft Anchor line
3/8” Galvanized anchor shackle (4 ea)
3/8” Galvanized swivel
¼”x4’ PVC coated anchor chain
5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)
25’ Mooring Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
FWD Compartment
Fire Extinguisher
FWD Compartment (B Class)
Spare kill switch lanyard
3/16” T-Allen wrench
90° Phillips screwdriver
FWD STBD Seat
Nav. Kit
Briefcase w/ CG logo
Pencils
China Markers
Gum Eraser
Note Pad
Stop Watch
Compass / Dividers
Parallel Rule
Weems Plotter
Search Pattern Slide Rule
Nautical Slide Rule
Coast Pilot
Nav. Rules
Light List
Chart One
Anemometer
Red Flash Light
AOR Charts
Pencil Lead Sharpening Pad
STBD Seat
First aid kit
Hand bilge pump
Electronics
Nav. Lights
Blue Lights
Flood Lights
Interior / Exterior Deck Lights
Instrument Lights
Fathometer
Radar
GPS
VHF Radios
Loudhailer / Horn
Port FWD Seat
12 Volt gel cell Batteries (3 ea)
PortCenter Seat
Tool Kit
10w30 Lube Oil (2 qts)
Phillips & Slotted Screwdriver
Metric Wrench Set (10mm-20mm)
Pliers
Rags
Hub Kit
Spare Kill Switch (2 ea)
3/16” T-Allen Wrench
90° Phillips Screw Driver
Spark Plug Wrench w/ 4” extension
Prop Nut Wrench
Port Aft Seat
Gear Bag
1 ½” DBN Skiff Hook Line 9’
SS Shackles (3/8” & ½”)
Mousing Wire Ties (4 ea)
Flashlight
Dewatering Pump Tie Down Strap
5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)
25’ Mooting Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
35’ Alongside Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
Main Deck
National Ensign
CG Ensign
150’ Towline DBN 2 ¼” w/ cover (B Class)
24” Throwable Life Ring
Life Ring Strobe Light
406 MHz CAT II EPIRB
Throw Line Bag
8’ Boat Hook w/ skiff hook
STBD Deck Locker
Fire Extinguisher (Type B-1)
Various
Type V PFD (4 ea)
Binoculars
Lighting Rod
Towing Mast Light

Boat Characteristics and Specifications

Design
Deep-V, rigid mono-hull
Hull and Deck
¼inch 5086 Marin grade aluminum
Cabin
5052 Marine grade aluminum
Collar
Polyethylene
Manufacturer
SAFE Boat International
Windows

Cabin Dewatering Pump
Rated 1100 gallons per hour @ 2 ½inch of water

located starboard aft passenger seat

Manual Bilge Pump
10 strokes per gallon and 6 gallons per minute
Heading Sensor
Located centerline aft bulkhead under the step
Number of Frames
20
Water Tight Bulkhead
Frame 16
Diesel Fuel Heater Tank

2.5gal starboard aft deck locker

Engine Weight
633 pound
Horn
106 dB
Throw Line Bag
70-100ft work load 500lb 3/8”
Life Ring Strobe Light
36hr continuous
EPIRB
0.05NM, with in 5 min
Steering Wheel
Mono ® 16” 3 spoke
Searchlight

180,000 candle power,tilt 9° up and 17° down

Fuel Consumption

46kts 44gph

Physical Characteristics

Design Length of Hull

25’ 2 ½”

Length Overall

29’ 6 ½”

Length at Waterline

22’ 8 ½”

Beam Overall

8’ 6”

Operational Draft

39”

Draft Engines Tilted Up

23 ¼”

Height of Nav. Mast on Trailer

12’ 8”

Height of Radar Dome Trailer

11’ ½”

Height of Search Light Trailer

9’ 7”

Highest Fixed Point Trailer

9’ ½”

Crew Capacity

Seating Total = 10

Passenger Capacity

Fuel Tank Capacity

105gal @ 95% = 100 gal

Propulsion
2 Honda 225-HP 4 Stroke
Propeller
14x19 Mercury Offshore or Vensura
Boat Weight – empty
7400
Max Weight –Fully loaded with crew
9200
Weight – Fully Loaded on Trailer
9450

Operational Characteristics

Max Speed
46kts @ 6000RPM
Cruise Speed
35kts @ 4500RPM
MaxRange
150NM
Wind
25kts
Sea
6ft
Towing
10 displacement tons
Operation Offshore
10NM
Air Temp
0 – 105°F
Water Temp
28 – 95°F

Stability

Center of Gravity
Weight of the boat acts vertically downward, lower center of gravity more stable. When weight is add the center of gravity moves with the direction of the weight being add.
Buoyancy
Upward force of water displaced by the hull
Equilibrium
Buoyancy over gravity

Rolling
Downward force of gravity is offset by upward force of buoyancy
Heeling
The center of gravity is no longer in line with the center of buoyancy

Listing
Center of gravity is not on the centerline, boat will heel until equilibrium is reached
Types of Stability
Longitudinal
Fore & Aft, preventing it from pitching end-over-end
Transverse
Athwartships, Keeps the boat from rolling over
Static & Dynamic Forces
Static
Internal forces
Dynamic
External forces

Boat Handling

Anchoring

1.) Shank – Aids in setting & weighing the anchor. Attachment point for the anchor for the anchor line

2.) Flukes – Dig in the bottom & bury the anchor, providing holding power

3.) Crown – Lifts the rear of the flukes, & forces the flukes into the bottom

4.) Stock – Prevents the anchor from rolling or rotating

Scope of Line

Ratio range between 5:1 & 7:1
(Example: for the 5:1 ratio, anchoring in 20ft of the rope should be 100ft)

Anchor Description

Fair - Clean
Fouled – Hung up / Caught on bottom
Shawed - Muddy/ Dirty

Common Navigation Lights

Port Light

Starboard Light

Green

Light Configuration

Sidelight – 112.5*
Masthead Light – 225*
Stern Light – 135*
All around – 360*

Navigation Lights

Sailing
Red / Green
Trawling
Green / White
Fishing
Red / White
Restricted in Ability to Maneuver
Red / White / Red
Not Under Command
Red / Red
Constrained by Draft
Red / Red / Red
Pilot
White / Red
Anchor
Masthead Lights
Aground
Red / Red

Common Navigation Shapes

Sailing
Fishing

Not Under Command
Restricted in Ability to Maneuver
Middle row of image below (BALL/ DIAMOND/BALL)
Engaged in Dredging or Underwater Operations
Constrained by Draft
Anchor
Aground

Sound Signals

International

* Alter course to starboard
** Alter course to port
*** Astern propulsion
-*-* Agree to overtaking
-Bend signal
***** Danger
--*Intend to overtake on starboard side
--** Intend to overtake on port side

Inland

*I intend / agree to port to port passing
**I intend / agree to starboard to starboard passing
***Astern propulsion
*****Danger
-Underway

Distress Signals

Inland Only

High Intensity White Light

Communication

Radio Communication

CH (6) / 156.3 MHz SAR Ship – Ship

CH (12) / 156.6 MHz Ship – Ship

CH (13) / 156.65 MHz Bridge – Bridge

CH (16) / 156.8 MHz International Distress

CH (21) / 157.05 MHz Intra CG (Secondary)

CH (22A) / 157.1 MHz CG – Non

CH (23A) / 157.15 MHz (Primary)

CH (81) 157.075 MHz

CH (83) 157.175 MHz

Navigation

Variation and Deviation

Variation - Magnetic variation is the difference between true bearings and magnetic bearings and is caused by the different locations of the Geographic North Pole and the Magnetic North Pole plus any local anomalies such as iron deposits. Variation is the same for all compasses in the same location and is usually stated on good quality maps and charts, along with the date it was measured.

Deviation - Magnetic deviation is the difference between magnetic bearings and compass bearings. Deviation varies for every compass in the same location and depends on such factors as the magnetic field of the boat, wristwatches, etc. The value will also vary depending on the orientation of the boat. Magnets and/or iron masses can be used to correct for deviation so that a particular compass will accurately give magnetic bearings. More commonly, however, a correction card will be drawn up listing errors for the compass which can then be compensated for arithmetically.

Correcting & Uncorrecting for Compass Error

“Correcting” is going from magnetic direction (M) to true (T), or going from the compass direction (C) to magnetic (M). To apply compass error to correct course or direction:

• Take the compass course.

• Apply deviation to obtain the magnetic course.

• Apply variation to obtain true course.

The sequence of the procedure is outlined below:

• Compass (C).

• Deviation (D).

• Magnetic (M).

• Variation (V).

• True (T).

MEMORY AID

Applying compass error:

Can Dead Men Vote Twice At Election

(Compass) (Deviation) (Magnetic) (Variation) (True) (Add) (Easterly error)

Add easterly errors - subtract westerly errors

For the compass course is 127°, variation from the compass rose is 4° W, and the deviation from the boat’s deviation table is 5° E. Then, the true course (T) is obtained as follows:

Step Procedure

1.) Write down the correction formula:

• C = 127°

• D = 5° E

• M = 132°

• V = 4° W

• T = 128°

2.) Compute the information opposite the appropriate letter in the previous step.

3.) Add the easterly error of 5° E deviation to the compass course (127°) and obtain the magnetic course of 132°.

4.) Subtract the westerly error of 4° W variation from the magnetic course (132°).

5.) The true course is 128°.

Converting from true (T) direction to magnetic (M), or going from magnetic (M) to compass

• Obtain the true course.

• Apply variation to obtain the magnetic course.

• Apply deviation to obtain the compass course.

MEMORY AID

Converting true course to compass course:

True Virtue Makes Dull Company After Wedding

(True) (Variation) (Magnetic) (Deviation) (Compass) (Add) (Westerly error)

Subtract easterly errors - add westerly errors

Dead reckoning (DR)

Dead reckoning is the determination of approximate position by advancing aprevious position for course and distance only, without regard to otherfactors, such as, wind, sea conditions and current.

Mission Oriented Operations

Man Overboard

Rescue Swimmer

Stokes Litter

1.) Gray
2.) Blue
3.) Red
4. )Green
5.) Black

Towing

Dewatering Pump (USCG-P6)

Description

6 ½hp 4 cycle engine
3inch suction and discharge hoses
Priming at 12ft in less than a minute
250 gpm
4 gallon fuel tank

Damage Control

The RBS does not contain a damage control kit. However, most items can be used to plug holes on a sinking boat if needed. Use various shocks and wedges and makeshift items to stop the sea from coming into a space that would effect a vessels stability.

Fire Fighting

Fire fighting is not performed from the RBS unless a Certified Fire Officer is in direction of the crew and permission has been given by the Chain of Command.

BECCE (Basic Engineering Casualty Control Exercise)

All BECCE drills will result in a crewmen to rig and ready the anchor. This will be the first sentence with most BECCE’s for any other crewman underway unless otherwise specified.

FIRE

The other crewmen should grab the fire extinguisher from the cuddy cabin. This is the primary extinguisher on the RBS for anything on the aft of the boat.
Attempt to extinguish the flames by putting the extinguisher through the air intake vents on the cowling
If the extinguisher is depleted, use the second extinguisher if accessible in the starboard deck locker.
If the fire is still out of control, the coxswain may back down hard on the other engine to wash water over the aft end.
Contact Station

Loss of Steering

Check space behind steering console.
Check fluid levels in helm
Check for kinks in hoses near outboards
Contact Station

Collision with a Submerged Object

Check all spaces starting from the Bow and working your way aft.
Check for sheen on water.
Inspect each prop.
Feel for cavitation and vibration.
Contact Station