Chemistry
Standard 1, Objective 2
a1. How did the early ideas about atoms Democritus and Aristotle discussed differ from the work of scientists that came later?
a. They did not use experiments to test their ideas.
b. They correctly measured the size and shape of atoms.
c. They worked in groups with others.
d. They used a variety of technology to aid their research.
a2. Rutherford used an experiment that showed how particles pass through a single layer of gold atoms in gold foil. Occasionally, one of the particles bounced back off the gold foil but most went through. What did Rutherford prove?
a. gold atoms are larger than many other atoms..
b. gold atoms have 79 protons and 79 electrons.
c. gold atoms have a small positively charged nucleus.
d. gold atoms have electrons embedded in a “plum pudding” around the nucleus.
a3. Bohr proposed that electrons occur it orbits which have energy levels. How does the quantum mechanical model predict where the electrons will be?
a. creating known shells
b. by guessing
c. using probabilities
d. looking as far from the nucleus as possible.
a4. Which of the following is modern technology used to study the nature of the atom?
a. super colliders
b. telescopes in space
c. light microscopes
d. electric generators
b5. Why must models be made to help study atoms?
a. they cannot be captured.
b. they are difficult to find
c. they do not have parts.
d. they to small to see
b6. Which of the following is a way the picture on
the right can correctly describe an atom? The model:
a. is the right size
b. has moving electrons
c. is three dimensional
d. shows the charges on atomic particles
b7. Which of the following most accurately models the nature of atoms and their movement?
a. a frozen bag of peas
b. a pan of water
c. shaking a box of marbles
d. pouring a liquid from container to another
c8. How is a proton different from a neutron?
a. a proton is negatively charged, a neutron is neutral.
b. a proton is positively charged, a neutron is neutral.
c. a proton has a mass of 1, a neutron is much less.
d. a proton is found in the nucleus, a neutron is not.
c9. Which is the most accurate model comparing an electron compared to a proton?
a. like a mosquito to a house.
b. like a person in a truck
c. like a tree growing in Earth.
d. like a page torn from a book.
c10. Where would you expect to find protons?
a. in the outer shells
b. in the “d” orbital
c. in the nucleus
d. attached to the electrons
c11. If an atom were the size of a football stadium, how big would the nucleus be at the center? As large as:
a. a pea
b. a basketball
c. a house
d. a grocery store
c12. Which statement best describes the position and charge of an electron?
a. Located in the nucleus and has a negative charge
b. Located in the nucleus and has a positive charge
c. Located outside the nucleus and has a negative charge
d. Located outside the nucleus and has a positive charge
c13. How does the relative size of an electron compare to a proton?
a. Protons and electrons are about the same size
b. A proton is nearly 2,000 times more massive than an electron
c. An electron is nearly 2,000 times more massive than a proton
d. Electrons have energy, not mass
d14. What does the proton number indicate about the atom?
a. the mass of the atom
b. the atomic number of the atom
c. the number of neutrons in the atom
d. the number of electron orbitals
d15. Carbon the atomic number of carbon is 6. What information does that provide?
a. carbon has 6 neutrons.
b. carbon is a solid, black substance.
c. carbon has 6 electrons and 6 protons
d. carbon can bond with many other substances.
d16. A radioactive atom loses protons from its nucleus during radioactive decay. What is the result?
a. it becomes a different element
b. it gains atomic weight
c. it will react with more kinds of elements
d. it has more electrons
d17. Which of the following would be most useful in determining the identity of an element?
a. The number of electrons
b. The number of protons
c. The number of neutrons
d. The shape of electron orbits
d18. How many protons are in a Sulfur atom?
a. 8
b. 16
c. 32
d. 6.02 x 1023
e19. Which of the following is the best an analogy for a mole?
a. describing eggs by the dozen.
b. the sun holding the planets in orbit.
c. measuring NaCl by the gram.
d. opening surprise packages.
e20. Carbon has a mass of 12. How many atoms of carbon are in a 12 gram sample?
a. an unknown quantity
b. 12 million
c. 12 billion
d. 6.02 x 1023
e21. What is the molar mass of H2O?
a. 6 g
b. 16 g
c. 18 g
d. 24 g
e22. How many atoms are in one mole of Iron?
a. 8
b. 16
c. 6.626 x 10-34
d. 6.02 x 1023
e23. What is the mass of one mole of Oxygen gas (O2)?
a. 8 grams
b. 16 grams
c. 32 grams
d. 6.02 x 1023 grams
Essay.
1. How would you build the most accurate model of the atom possible?
2. How will you remember what a mole is?
Key
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. C
11. A
12. C
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. A
17. B
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. C
22. D
23. C