SSUSH11 the Student Will Describe the Growth of Big Business and Technological Innovations

SSUSH11 The student will describe the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction.

SSUSH 11a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on theorganization of big business.

In response to growth in the railroad industry, large steel mills were built in Pennsylvania and Ohio during the 1870s. Growth in the railroad and steel industries led to the development of

A. gold mines in California

B. the cotton industry

C. monopolies and trusts

D. western ghost towns

Growth in the railroad and steel industries led to the development of monopolies and trusts.

SSUSH 11b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West, including the transcontinental railroad, and the use of Chinese labor.

In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railway Act to allow for construction of the transcontinental railroad. What was the impact of this legislation?

A. regulation of the railroad industry

B. rapid western expansion

C. an end to Chinese immigration

D. a decline in big city growth

The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 allowed for construction of the transcontinental railroad which led to rapid western expansion.

The Pacific Railway Act authorized the Central Pacific Railroad to build a railroad eastward from the Pacific Ocean and the Union Pacific Railroad was given the authority to build westward from Omaha, Nebraska. What was one result of the transcontinental railroad?

A. repeal of the Missouri Compromise

B. use of and discrimination against Chinese labor

C. the growth of sectionalism in the West

D. migration of rural workers to East Coast cities

One result of the transcontinental railroad was the use of and discrimination against Chinese labor.

SSUSH 11c.Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts andmonopolies.

Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890. What prompted this legislation?

A. growth of small businesses

B. deregulation of the railroad industry

C. large-scale employment of immigrants

D. growth of monopolies such as Standard Oil

Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890 to stop the growth of monopolies such as Standard Oil

SSUSH 11d Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison, including the electric light bulb, motionpictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life.

How did inventions such as Thomas Edison’s phonograph and electric light change American life?

A. They inspired such inventions as the John Deere plow.

B. They affected American leisure activities and industry.

C. They resulted in an expanded railroad network.

D. They encouraged the building of canals.

Thomas Edison’s phonograph and electric light affected American leisure activities and industry.

SSUSH12 The student will analyze important consequences of American industrial growth.

SSUSH 12a. Describe Ellis Island, the change in immigrants’ origins to southern and eastern Europe,and the impact of this change on urban America.

Between 1860 and 1925, some 25 million immigrants came to the United States, many through Ellis Island functioned as a reception center to screen immigrants. Many settled and worked in New York City. Where did most immigrants come from during this time?

A. western Europe

B. South America

C. southern and eastern Europe

D. Japan and China

Most of the 25 million immigrants who came to the U.S. between 1860 and 1925 came from southern and eastern Europe and then settled in big cities.

SSUSH 12bIdentify the American Federation of Labor and Samuel Gompers.

What was the purpose behind the formation of the American Federation of Labor, led by Samuel Gompers, in 1881?

A. to plan social gatherings for laborers

B. to improve labor relations with management

C. to create small unions specific to each trade

D. to fight for better working conditions in America’s industries

The American Federation of Labor, led by Samuel Gompers, was formed in 1881 to fight for better working conditions in America’s industries.

SSUSH 12cDescribe the growth of the western population and its impact on Native Americans withreference to Sitting Bull and Wounded Knee.

What happened as a result of gold being discovered in the Black Hills of present-day South Dakota?

A. The provisions of the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 were strengthened.

B. Congress passed legislation restricting settlement in the Black Hills to the Sioux Nation.

C. Several years of armed conflict followed ending with the massacre at Wounded Knee.

D. The U.S. army pledged to protect the rights of Native Americans.

As a result of gold being discovered in the Black Hills of present-day South Dakota, several years of armed conflict followed between the U.S. government and Native Americans ending with the massacre at Wounded Knee.

SSUSH 12dDescribe the 1894 Pullman strike as an example of industrial unrest.

Of what significance was the 1894 Pullman Strike?

A. It bolstered the labor union movement.

B. It was an isolated case of worker discontent.

C. It showed the ability of management and labor to work cooperatively.

D. It is one of several examples of late 19th century industrial unrest.

The 1894 Pullman Strike is one of several examples of late 19th century industrial unrest when the government supported management over striking workers.

SSUSH13 The student will identify major efforts to reform American society and politics in the Progressive Era.

SSUSH 13aExplain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry.

What resulted from the outrage caused by the publication of Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle?

A. The book was banned form libraries.

B. There was a backlash against labor union organizers.

C. There were further restrictions placed on civil liberties.

D. The federal government began regulation of the meat-packing industry.

Because of the outrage caused by Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle, the federal government began regulation of the meat-packing industry.

SSUSH 13bIdentify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements.

Jane Addams established Hull House in 1889. This and other settlement houses like it provided child care and medical services

A. for families living on homesteaded land

B. for children living in poor urban areas

C. for the wives of wealthy robber barons

D. for women waiting for government services

Jane Addams established Hull House in 1889. This and other settlement houses like it provided child care and medical services for children living in poor urban areas.

SSUSH 13cDescribe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP.

In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the U.S. Supreme Court established that “separate but equal” laws did not violate the United States Constitution. This decision allowed states to enact

A. zoning laws

B. Jim Crow laws

C. immigration quotas

D. the Chinese Exclusion Act

In Plessy v. Ferguson, the U.S. Supreme Court established that “separate but equal” laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution. This decision allowed states to enact Jim Crow laws.

SSUSH 13d Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.

Muckrakers, like Ida Tarbell, hoped to

A. oversee the Tennessee Valley Authority

B. stop ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment

C. expose abuses in business and corruption in politics

D. improve methods of mass production

Muckrakers, like Ida Tarbell who wrote about Rockefeller and Standard Oil, hoped to expose abuses in business and corruption in politics.

*SSUSH 13eDescribe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, andreferendum direct election of senators; reform of labor laws; and efforts toimprove living conditions for the poor in cities.

Which of the following progressive reforms allows voters to accept or reject legislative proposals?

A. recall

B. initiative

C. referendum

D. Seventeenth Amendment

Voters can accept or reject legislative proposals through the use of a referendum, which was a Progressive Era reform.

**SSUSH 13E Describe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, andreferendum direct election of senators; reform of labor laws; and efforts toimprove living conditions for the poor in cities.

gatp.com

The direct election of Senators by a state’s population was a main agenda of

A. business owners, who found it difficult to influence Senators elected by state

legislatures

B. progressives, who wanted to reform a Senate that didn’t answer directly to citizens

C. governors, who by and large sought to wrest power away from the state legislatures

D. conservatives, who wanted to separate the interaction of federal and state

Governments

The direct election of Senators was a main agenda of progressives who wanted to reform a Senate that didn’t answer directly to citizens.

SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at theturn of the twentieth century.

*SSUSH 14aExplain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment onthe west coast.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 is an example of

A. labor unions embracing immigrant workers

B. discrimination against immigrants in the later half of the 19th century

C. increases in immigration quotas at the federal level

D. legislation at the national level to address unfair labor practices

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 is an example of discrimination against immigrants in the later half of the 19th century.

**SSUSH 14aExplain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment onthe west coast.

gatp.com

What was a major reason for Congress passing the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

A. fierce job competition in the West caused by a surplus of low-paid Chinese labor

B. sour diplomatic relations between the United States and China at the time

C. constant rioting in Chinese neighborhoods due to poor living conditions

D. the discovery of vast gold deposits on Chinese-owned lands in the southwest

Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 mainly because of fierce job competition in the West caused by a surplus of low-paid Chinese labor.

*SSUSH 14bDescribe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.

Which event sparked the Spanish-American War?

A. the sinking of the USS Maine

B. Roosevelt’s Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

C. the building of the Panama Canal

D. the Platt Amendment

The sinking of the USS Maine sparked the Spanish-American War.

**SSUSH 14bDescribe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.

gatp.com

At the end of the nineteenth century, America fought a war in the Philippines in order to

A. resolve the Spanish-American War, as many Spanish soldiers were there.

B. set up a democracy there by overthrowing the Japanese military presence.

C. put down an independence movement there and initiate an overseas empire.

D. open up trade routes to Asia but not establish a long-lasting presence there.

At the end of the nineteenth century, America fought a war in the Philippines in order to put down an independence movement there and initiate an overseas empire.

SSUSH 14cExplain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary tothe Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.

President Theodore Roosevelt used the “Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to

A. allow other countries to form independent governments

B. justify U.S. intervention in Latin America

C. create a spirit of cooperation between the countries of the Western Hemisphere

D. establish the principle of self-reliance for Central America

President Theodore Roosevelt used the “Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to justify U.S. intervention in Latin America.

SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in WorldWar I.

SSUSH 15aDescribe the movement from U.S. neutrality to engagement in World War I, withreference to unrestricted submarine warfare.

All of the following contributed to American involvement in World War I EXCEPT

A. isolationism

B. anti-German propaganda

C. unrestricted submarine warfare

D. the Zimmerman telegram

Factors contributing to American involvement in World War I included anti-German propaganda, unrestricted submarine warfare, and the Zimmerman telegram.

*SSUSH 15bExplain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the GreatMigration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.

The belief in economic opportunity in the North and a desire to escape the difficulties of life in the South led to

A. the Great Migration of African-Americans between 1914 and 1920

B. the wave of immigrants from Eastern Europe in the early 1900s

C. the settlement of thousands of Irish following the Irish potato famine

D. an influx of Chinese workers who built the transcontinental railroad

The belief in economic opportunity in the North and a desire to escape the difficulties of life in the South led to the Great Migration of African-Americans between 1914 and 1920.

**SSUSH 15bExplain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the GreatMigration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.

gatp.com

World War I contributed to the Great Migration by prompting millions of African Americans to

A. leave the country in order to avoid being drafted.

B. relocate to farms, which paid much more in wartime.

C. settle on the east coast as for purposes of national defense.

D. move into urban areas to fill newly available industrial jobs.

WWI contributed to the Great Migration by prompting millions of African Americans to move into urban areas to fill newly available industrial jobs.

***SSUSH 15bExplain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the GreatMigration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.

What did the Espionage Act of 1917 forbid?

A. grade agreements with Great Britain

B. interference in Army recruiting

C. speaking out against the government

D. travel by ship to Europe

The Espionage Act of 1917 forbade interfering with Army recruiting.

SSUSH 15cExplain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.

President Wilson sacrificed his health to a long and hard campaign for ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, which included the formation of a League of Nations. Several Senators, led by Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts

A. agreed with Wilson and lobbied hard for the treaty’s passage

B. were unconvinced that participation in a League of Nations would benefit the U.S.

C. wanted to wait until conflict ended in Europe before joining a League of Nations

D. worked with European nations for quick agreement on the treaty

The U.S. Senate, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles because they were unconvinced that participation in a League of Nations would benefit the U.S.

SSUSH 15cExplain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.

gatp.com

Woodrow Wilson supported the creation of the League of Nations in order to

A. form an alliance against the new, expanding Soviet Union

B. prevent another global conflict like the first World War

C. colonize unconquered territories in Asia and Africa

D. establish an American military presence in Europe

Woodrow Wilson supported the creation of the League of Nations in order to prevent another global conflict like the first World War.

SSUSH 15dDescribe passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, establishing Prohibition, and the NineteenthAmendment, and establishing woman suffrage.

What right was granted by ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment?

A. the right of the people to elect U.S. senators

B. the right to due process

C. a woman’s right to vote

D. the right of workers to form unions

The Nineteenth Amendment granted a woman’s right to vote.

SSUSH16 The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I.

SSUSH 16aExplain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scareand immigrant restriction.

In the 1920s, labor unions were wary of Eastern European immigrants in part because of

A. Black Thursday

B. the Jazz Age

C. the Red Scare

D. the Great Depression

In the 1920s, labor unions were wary of Eastern European immigrants in part because of the Red Scare.

*SSUSH 16bIdentify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.

Which of the following describes an arrangement of workers or machines where each performs a repetitive task?

A. assembly line

B. cotton gin

C. interchangeable parts

D. factory

The assembly line is an arrangement of workers or machines where each performs a repetitive task.

**SSUSH 16bIdentify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.

gatp.com

Henry Ford had a great impact on American society by

A. further dividing the classes by making only a few cars for wealthy buyers.

B. discovering a way refine crude oil into cheap gasoline for automobiles.

C. developing numerous railroad systems that connected the entire country.

D. using an assembly line to mass-produce cheap and efficient cars.

Henry Ford had a great impact on American society by using an assembly line to mass-produce cheap and efficient cars.

SSUSH 16cDescribe the impact of radio and the movies.

What does the growth of the movie industry indicate about the 1920s?

A. a growing sense of nationalism

B. a conservative movement

C. a disinterest in radio

D. a time of prosperity

The growth of the movie industry indicates a time of prosperity in the 1920s.

SSUSH 16dDescribe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and theorigins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, andTin Pan Alley.

Which BEST describes the Harlem Renaissance?

A. a time when the architecture of Harlem was copied by other cities

B. a time when the past success of Harlem was highlighted

C. a time when jazz music lost in popularity

D. a time when the literary work of African-Americans flourished