Supplementary Table 1. Twenty-one cultivars and two breeding lines for which molecular marker data confirmed the TTT of their previously reported female parent, their male parent being unknown
Accession / Source / Female parentAlwa / 4 / Macoun
Cortland / 10 / McIntosh
Helios / 7,9 / Geheimrat Dr Oldenburg
Ingrid Marie / 7 / Cox’s Orange Pippin
James Grieve / 7 / Cox’s Orange Pippin
Kurz Cox / 7 / Cox’s Orange Pippin
Lobo / 9,10 / McIntosh
Melba / 7 / McIntosh
Paulared / 9 / McIntosh
Realka / 7 / Carola
Reanda / 7 / Clivia
Regia / 7 / Clivia
Regine / 7 / Kurz Cox
Reka / 7,8 / James Grieve
Remo / 7 / James Grieve
Renora / 7 / Clivia
Resi / 7,8 / Clivia
Rewena / 7 / 67-47
Sandow / 9 / Northern Spy
Summerred / 9 / Summerland
U211 / 4,9 / Primula
Undine / 7,10 / Jonathan
X-4355 / 4 / Z185
Source of accessions coded as follows: 4= INRA, Angers, France, 7= JKI, Dresden, Germany, 8= CRA, Gembloux, Belgium, 9= Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland, 10= RIPF Skierniewice, Poland
Supplementary Table 2. Twenty-six cultivars for which molecular marker data confirmed the TTT of one of their previously reported parents (presented in bold), the second parent could not be confirmed as it was not part of the HiDRAS germplasm (in italics).
Accession / Source / Female parent / Male parentAngold / 7,8 / A28/39 / Golden Delicious
Ariwa / 7 / Golden Delicious / A849-5
Auralia / 9 / Cox’s Orange Pippin / Schöner von Nordhausen
Bancroft / 7 / McIntosh / Forest
Britemac / 9,10 / Melba / Kildare
Cortland / 10 / McIntosh / Ben Davis
Delblush / 4 / Golden Delicious / Blushing Gold
Delorina / 2,7,8 / Grifer / Florina
Early McIntosh / 7 / Yellow Transparent / McIntosh
Geheimrat Dr Oldenburg / 7 / Minister von Hammerstein / Bauman Reinette
Haralson / 9 / Malinda / Wealthy
Helios / 7,9 / Geheimrat Dr Oldenburg / unknown
Initial / 8 / Gala / Redfree
Jerseymac / 7,10 / NJ24 / Julyred
Jonagram / 8 / Ingram / Jonathan
Kendall / 7 / McIntosh / Zusoff
Korei / 10 / Golden Delicious / Ido
Macfree / 9,10 / McIntosh / PRI 148-177
Macoun / 7,10 / McIntosh / Jersey Black
Melba / 7,10 / McIntosh / Liveland Raspberry
Milton / 7 / Yellow Transparent / McIntosh
Mio / 7 / Worcester Pearmain / Oranie
Mutsu3n / 2,4,7,9 / Golden Delicious / Indo
Rosana / 8,9,10 / Jolana / Lord Lambourne
Spartan / 2,4,7,9 / McIntosh / Yellow Newton
Vice President Roulin / 8 / Joseph de Brichy / Bismarck
Source of coded as follows: 2= University of Bologna, Italy, 4= INRA, Angers, France, 7= JKI, Dresden, Germany, 8= CRA, Gembloux, Belgium, 9= Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland, 10= RIPF Skierniewice, Poland
3n: triploids
Supplementary Table 3. Twenty-eight founders (26 cultivars and two breeding lines) where the trueness-to-type of the DNA used could be confirmed through consistency of their marker scores with that of descending cultivars and breeding lines
Accession / Source / Number of descending cultivars & breeding lines testedBeauty of Bath / 7 / 1
Bismarck / 8 / 1
Braeburn / 2,4,7,9 / 1
Clochard / 4,8 / 3
Cox’s Orange Pippin / 4,6a,7,9 / 17
Delicious / 4,7,10 / 11
Esopus Spitzenburg / 4 / 1
F2 26829-2-2 / 2 / 2
Golden Delicious / 2,4,7,9 / 50
Granny Smith / 2,4,7,9 / 3
Jonathan / 2,4,7 / 17
Jongrimes / 7 / 1
Lady Williams / 7 / 2
McIntosh / 2,4,7,9 / 20
Northern Spy / 9 / 1
O53T136 / 4 / 1
Primula / 4,10 / 8
Ralls Janet / 6a / 3
Red Winter / 4 / 3
Reinette du Mans / 4 / 2
Rome Beauty / 4 / 2
Siewka Gorjaczkowskiego / 9 / 1
Vanda / 8,9 / 1
Wagenerapfel / 7 / 2
Wealthy / 4,9,10 / 2
Weisse Winter Glockenapfel / 7 / 1
White Transparent / 9 / 1
Winesap / 4 / 3
Source of accessions coded as follows: 2= University of Bologna, Italy, 4= INRA, Angers, France, 6a=Brogdale orchards, UK, 7= JKI, Dresden, Germany, 8= CRA, Gembloux, Belgium, 9= Warsaw Agricultural University, Poland, 10= RIPF Skierniewice, Poland
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Supplementary Table 4. Two cultivars and one breeding line for which one of the reported parents or both are not tested, but of which the pedigree is shown to be inconsistent through marker scores of earlier generations. Pedigrees that are fully consistent with marker scores are suggested. Confirmed ancestors are in bold, lacking ancestors are in italics and accessions with inconsistent scores are underlined.
Accession / Source / Female parent / Male parent / Suggested new pedigree of male parentDayton / 4 / NJ 123249 (NJ 12 [Red Rome×Melba] ×NJ 117637 [Melba× NJ 130{Wealthy × Starr}]) / PRI 1235-100 (NJ 123249 [NJ 117637 {Melba× NJ 130Wealthy x Starr>} ×NJ 12 {Red Rome x Melba}] ×PRI 47-147 [Jonathan×F2 26829-2-2]) / PRI 1235-100 (NJ 123249 [NJ 117637 {Melba× NJ 130Wealthy × Starr>} ×NJ 12 {Red Rome×Melba}] ×PRI 47-147a [Golden Delicious×F2 26829-2-2])
Liberty / 4,8, 10 / Macoun / PRI 54-12 (Jonathan×F2 26829-2-2) / Wealthy × F2 26829-2-2
X-2773 / 4 / Golden Delicious / PRI 14-152 (Golden Delicious×F2 26829-2-2) / PRI 47-? (Jonathan×F2 26829-2-2)
Source of accessions coded as follows 4= INRA, Angers, France, 8= CRA, Gembloux, Belgium, 10= RIPF Skierniewice, Poland
Supplementary Table 5. Three cultivars for which it is not certain whether the examined DNA samples are TTT, but for which inconsistencies could be solved through alternative parentages. Confirmed ancestors are in bold and accessions with inconsistent scores are underlined.
Accession / Source / Female parent / Male parent / Suggested new parentageDukat / 7, 10 / Golden Delicious / Cox / Dr Oldenburg × Cox
Elan / 7 / Golden Delicious / James Grieve / Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie
Melfree / 10 / Melrose / Freedom / Melrose × Tydeman’s Early
Source of accessions coded as follows: 7= JKI, Dresden, Germany, 10= RIPF Skierniewice, Poland
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