Solutions Review Worksheet

  1. What factors determine whether one substance will dissolve in another (solubility)?
  1. What three factors influence the rate of dissolution?
  1. What are the two components of a solution? Define each component.
  1. What is boiling point elevation?
  1. How does one create a supersaturated solution? An unsaturated solution?
  1. On what are colligative properties dependent?What are the colligative properties discussed in the book?
  1. As the temperature increases, what happens to the solubility of a solid? Of a gas?
  1. Explain the meaning of the phrase “like dissolves like”?
  1. Ethanol dissolves in water, but carbon tetrachloride does not. What can you conclude about ethanol and carbon tetrachloride?
  1. What is freezing point depression and how is it similar to boiling point elevation?
  1. Compare the properties of solutions, suspensions, and colloids?
  1. How does the surface tension of water compare to other liquids?
  1. In a concentrated solution, how much solute is dissolved?
  1. What are the bonds (intermolecular forces) between different water molecules called?
  1. What is solubility?
  1. How does temperature effect solubility of a liquid? A gas?
  1. How can increase the rate at which a solute will dissolve in a solvent?
  1. What is a supersaturated solution? What happens when a crystal is added?
  1. Know the following terms.

Osmosis Tyndall effect solution capillarity saturated solution molarity supersaturated solution colloids Specific heat insoluble Hydrogen bonding unsaturated solution surface tension polar

  1. How would you prepare 100.ml of a 0.500M HNO3 solution if you have a 12.0M stock solution of HNO3?
  1. What volume of a 6.0M NaCl solution can be made from 3.51g of NaCl?
  1. How many grams of KOH are needed to make a 250ml 1.5M solution of KOH?
  1. How many grams of solvent are necessary to dissolve 325g of lithium bromide at 50˚C if the solubility of LiBr is 203g/100g water at this temperature?
  1. The solubility of an unknown gas in water is 0.45g/L at 50˚C and 1.6atm. At what pressure could the solubility be increased to 0.75g/L at the same temperature?
  1. What is the freezing point of a solution containing 275g of NaOH dissolved in 7850g of water? The molal freezing point constant for water is -1.86˚C/m.
  1. What is the boiling point of the same solution in the above problem if the molal boiling point constant is 0.512˚C/μ?
  1. How much energy would be absorbed by the dissolution of 62.7g magnesium sulfate at 25˚C? The molar enthalpy of dissolution for MgSO4 is +15.9kJ/mol.
  1. What volume of 1.500M NaCl is needed for a reaction that requires 146.3g NaCl?
  1. Find the mass of Mg(OH)2 in 150ml of 2.0M Mg(OH)2 solution.
  1. What is the molar concentration (molarity) of a 125ml solution made by dissolving 34.2g of sucrose, C12H22O11, in water?
  1. Calculate the molal concentration (molality) of a solution made by dissolving 346g of copper (II) chloride in 2500ml of water?
  1. What mass of water is needed to make a 1.35m solution with 8.20mol NaOH?