Sample 1

SOLID TUMOURS

AAdenocarcinoma

BChondrosarcoma

CEsthesioneuroblastoma

DGlioblastoma

EMedullary cell carcinoma

FMedulloblastoma

GNephroblastoma

HOsteosarcoma

IParaganglioma

JPlasmacytoma

KRhabdomyosarcoma

LSquamous cell carcinoma

MTeratoma

From the options shown above, choose the single most likely diagnosis for each of the scenarios below. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 20 year old man complains of a sensation of blockage of his left nasal airway, reduced sense of smell and epistaxis.
  2. An 8 year old girl has left sided nasal obstruction, blood-stained discharge and swelling of the left cheek.
  3. A 24 year old pregnant woman reaches term and is due to deliver imminently. An ultrasound scan of the baby shows a large complex mass of the neck compressing the trachea.

Sample 2

STATISTICAL TESTS

AFriedman test

BKruskal Wallis test

CMann-Whitney U test

DOne-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)

EPaired t test

FTwo-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)

GUnpaired t test

HWilcoxon signed rank test

From the list above choose the most appropriate statistical test to perform in the following situations. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. The systolic blood pressure measurements of four independent groups (n=80/group) of subjects.
  2. Linear analogue scale responses of a group of subjects (n=15) asked to report their perceived pain on two consecutive days.
  3. The variation in body mass index (kg/m2) over a period of three months in 720 subjects on a calorie controlled weight reducing diet.

Sample 3

DYSPHAGIA

AAchalasia

BAortic aneurysm

CBenign stricture

DBulbar palsy

EChagas disease

FDiffuse oesophageal spasm

GFood bolus obstruction

HGlobus hystericus

ILung cancer

JMyasthenia gravis

KOesophageal cancer

LOesophageal leiomyoma

MParaoesophageal hiatus hernia

NReflux oesophagitis

OTracheo-oesophageal fistula

In each of the following scenarios, choose which of the above options is the most likely diagnosis. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 25 year old obese carpet fitter with heartburn and intermittent dysphagia.
  2. A 70 year old man with recent weight loss and worsening dysphagia for solids.
  3. A 90 year old woman with several years of stable dysphagia.

Sample 4

PAEDIATRIC INFECTIONS

AExcision of the affected area

BIncision and drainage

CIV benzyl penicillin

DIV co-amoxiclav

EObserve and review in 24 hours

FOral amoxicillin

GOral analgesia

HSurgical biopsy

From the list of options above, choose the treatment option which is the most appropriate initial management in each of the following scenarios. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. An 18 month old child has a twenty four hour history of otalgia and a mild pyrexia. He is teething. The right tympanic membrane is red.
  2. A 14 year old girl presents with her first episode of tonsillitis. She is able to eat and drink and she is currently apyrexial. There is a creamy exudates on the tonsils. She has lymphocytosis.
  3. A 2 year old boy presents with a six week history of a swelling in the submandibular region. The child is systemically well and apyrexial. A violet discolouration of the skin is now beginning to appear with early signs of fluctuance.

Sample 5

HEARING LOSS

ABenign intracranial hypertension

BCochlear hydrops

CCochlear otosclerosis

DCogan’s syndrome

EInner ear conductive presbyacusis

FHereditodegenerative disease of the cochlea

GLarge vestibular aqueduct syndrome

HNeural presbyacusis

ISensory presbyacusis

JStrial presbyacusis

KSyphilitic ear

LUsher’s syndrome

For each of the clinical scenarios below, choose the single most likely diagnosis from the list above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 56 year old woman with a gradual hearing loss showing a moderate slope towards the high frequencies but disproportionately severe decrease in speech discrimination.
  2. A 54 year old man with a bilateral symmetrical sensorineural loss showing an upward slope towards the high frequencies and well-preserved speech discrimination.
  3. A 7 year old child presenting with progressive sensorineural hearing loss which suddenly worsens following head trauma.