SMP Stage 1: Data Collation, Analysis, Interpretation and Objective Setting 96M477/3/C
Organisation / Responsibility / DefencesCopeland Borough Council / 12.2 / 1.6
Allerdale Borough Council / 76.5 / 9.6
Carlisle City Council / 31.2 / -
Environment Agency / 119.9 / 18.4
National Rivers Authority / - / 18.2
Cumbria County Council / - / 4.4
Private Frontages:-
- Railtrack plc
- Maryport Harbour Commission
- Maryport Golf Course
- British Steel
- Port of Workington
- Whitehaven Harbour Commission
- Associated British Ports
- National Coal Board
- Others / 3.0
1.0
1.3
0.3
0.2
0.7
1.0
0.1
1.53
Table 1.1: Lengths (km) of Coastal Responsibilities and Defences
Ownership / Approximate Foreshore Length (km)Lonsdale
Allerdale Borough Council
Curwen
Cumbria County Council
Crown Estates
Senhouse
Standish Estates
Castletown Estates
Other / 27.8
5.5
5.8
2.8
1.8
2.0
26.0
20.6
70.0
Table 1.2 : Lengths (km) of Foreshore Ownership
Note: Lengths of foreshore ownership have been measured along the mean high water mark (MHWM).
DOCUMENT
NO. / SCALE
1 : / TITLE AND PARTICULARS OF DOCUMENT
Solway Firth / AUTHORITY / DATE
K9222 / 25 000 / Approaches to Rough Firth / HMS Fox / 1983
K9091/1-2 / 7 500 / Silloth / HMS Fox / 1982
K8869/1-8 / 25 000 / St Bees Head to Solway Firth / HMS Fawn / 1981
K7992* / 20 000 / Approaches to Silloth / British Transport Dock Board / 1976
K6565* / 10 000 / Approaches to Silloth / British Transport Dock Board / 1972
K4850* / 25 000 / Solway Barrage Study - bottom contours / Babtie Shaw and Morton / 1966
E5245 / 75 000 / Southerness Point to Abbey Head / HMS Gleaner / 1938
E4993 / 75 000 / Workington Bank to Silloth Channel / HMS Flinders / 1937
B2651 / 73 000 / Allonby Bay to Annon Foot, resounded / Archdeacon / 1890
A5093 / 75 000 / St Bees Head to Abbey Head to Carlisle / Kerr / 1876
A5092/1-2 / 24 100 / St Bees Head to Abbey Head to Annan Railway Bridge / Kerr / 1875
A4556 / 73 000 / Workington to Skinburness, resounded / Kerr / 1875
A1859 / 73 000 / Solway Firth, corrections / Geddes / 1869
D1523 / 24 300 / Maryport and Southerness to Carlisle / Wright / 1855
D1243 / 6 200 / Silloth Channel Bar / Tucker / 1855
D1707 / 24 100 / Silloth Channel / Robinson / 1854
D1706 / 6 100 / Silloth Road / Robinson / 1854
L4146 / 73 000 / Robin Rigg and Channel / Robinson / 1844
L4116 / 24 100 / Robin Rigg and Channel / Robinson / 1844
L1221 / 24 300 / Maryport to Port Carlisle / Robinson / 1836/7
24 100 / St Bees Head and Abbey Head to Carlisle / Robinson / 1836/7
L1218 / 24 100 / St Bees Head and Abbey Head to Carlisle / Robinson / 1836/7
24 000 / Maryport to Port Carlisle / Robinson / 1836
63 500 / Walney Island to Carlisle including the Solway Firth / Mackenzie / 1775
Pg 1732 / 75 000 / Solway Firth / 1983
Pg 1643 / 7 500 / Silloth / 1982
Pg 1553/1-6 / 10 000 / Approaches to Workington / 1980
Pg 1359 / 50 000 / Solway Firth / 1973
Table 2.1 : Hydrographic Chart Information
/ 1. St Bees H. / 1863 / 1898 / 1923 / 1979 /
/ 2. Kells / 1863 / 1898 / 1923 / 1968 / 1979 /
/ 3. Whitehaven / 1863 / 1898 / 1924 / 1968 / 1979 /
/ 4. Parton / 1864 / 1898 / 1924 / 1956 / 1967 /
/ 5. Micklam / 1864 / 1898 / 1924 / 1956 / 1967 / 1993 /
/ 6. Harrington / 1864 / 1898 / 1923 / 1956 / 1968 / 1975 / 1991 /
/ 7. Workington / 1864 / 1898 / 1923 / 1956 / 1968 / 1975 / 1991 /
/ 8. Siddick / 1864 / 1899 / 1923 / 1938 / 1947 / 1957 / 1967 / 1979 / 1991 /
/ 9. Flimby / 1864 / 1899 / 1923 / 1957 / 1967 / 1979 / 1991 /
/ 10. Maryport / 1864 / 1899 / 1923 / 1938 / 1948 / 1967 / 1979 /
/ 11. Bank End / 1865 / 1898 / 1923 / 1967 / 1979 /
/ 12. Saltpans / 1865 / 1898 / 1923 / 1967 / 1971 / 1980 /
/ 13. Blue Dial / 1865 / 1898 / 1923 /
/ 14. Allonby / 1865 / 1899 / 1923 / 1971 /
/ 15. Dubmill Pt / 1866 / 1898 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 16. Mawbray / 1866 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 17. Beckfoot / 1866 / 1899 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 18. Wolsty Bank / 1866 / 1899 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 19. Silloth / 1866 / 1899 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 20. East Cote / 1866 / 1899 / 1923 / 1972 /
/ 21. Grune / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1972 /
/ 22. Calvo Marsh / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1973 /
/ 23. River Waver / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1973 /
/ 24. Cardurnock / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1973 /
/ 25. Herd Hill / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1973 /
/ 26. North Plain / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1973 /
/ 27. Bowness / 1866 / 1899 / 1924 / 1972 /
/ 28. Port Carlisle / 1866 / 1899 / 1945 / 1972 /
/ 29. Westfield / 1866 / 1899 / 1945 / 1972 /
/ 30. Drumburgh / 1866 / 1924 / 1972 /
Table 2.2 : O.S. Map Information
Coastal Length / Recession (-m/year)Moss Bay / 0.89+
Flimby / 1.32
Maryport Golf Course / 0.76
Saltpans, Crosscanonby / 1.00*
Mawbray Bank / 0.86
Blitterlees Bank / 0.64
The Grune / 1.50
Grey Havens, Bowness / 0.44
Easton Marsh / 2.81
Table 2.3 : Coastline Recession (1924-1972)
+ recession rate applies to period from 1956 to 1968
* recession rate based on figures from Posford Duvivier report (1994) and measurements taken during walkover survey (1991-1997)
Location / SourceWhitehaven / Bullen Consultants (1996)
Workington / Dixon and Tawn (1995)
Silloth / Coles and Tawn (1990)
Newbie / Extrapolation using Tidal Similarity Technique
Glasson / Extrapolation using Tidal Similarity Technique
Redkirk / Extrapolation using Tidal Similarity Technique
Table 2.4 : Sources of Extreme Sea Level Predictions
Return Period / Hs-95% / Hs / Hs+95%1 / 5.26 / 6.24 / 7.52
2 / 5.55 / 6.60 / 7.97
5 / 5.93 / 7.06 / 8.56
10 / 6.20 / 7.40 / 8.99
20 / 6.47 / 7.73 / 9.41
50 / 6.81 / 8.16 / 9.95
100 / 7.07 / 8.48 / 10.35
250 / 7.39 / 8.88 / 10.87
500 / 7.63 / 9.18 / 11.26
1000 / 7.87 / 9.48 / 11.63
Table 2.5: Extreme Wave Heights, Location 54.5°N, 4.1°W
Location / Years of Data / Rates of Changemm/year) / Period of
records
Milford Haven / 12 / -3.40 + /- 1.37 / 1964 - 1980
Holyhead / 20 / 1.62 + /-0.71 / 1960 - 1988
Birkenhead / 15 / 1.60 +/-1.46 / 1956 - 1972
Liverpool / 18 / 2.03 +/-0.94 / 1959 - 1981
Heysham / 17 / 2.02 +/0.81 / 1962 - 1988
Douglas / 32 / 0.26 +/-0.67 / 1938 - 1977
Portpatrick / 19 / 6.61 +/-1.23 / 1968 - 1987
Belfast / 12 / -0.99 +/-2.17 / 1957 - 1969
Belfast 2 / 45 / -0.25 +/-0.34 / 1918 - 1963
Dublin / 52 / 0.24 +/-0.34 / 1938 - 1989
Table 2.6 : Rates of Mean Sea Level Rise around the Irish Sea
Location / Years of Data / Rate of Changemm/yr / Period of Record
Silloth / 40 / 5.0 / 1928-1978
Whitehaven / 25 / 7.0 / 1967-1992
Heysham / 26 / 9.32 / 1964-1991
Fleetwood / 43 / 2.4 / 1930-1978
Georges Pier (Liverpool) / 42 / 2.6 / 1857-1903
Princes Pier (Liverpool) / 37 / 11.1 / 1941-1977
Table 2.7 : Rates of Annual Maximum Sea Level Change for the Eastern Irish Sea
Length of Coast / Estimated Rate of annual Coastline Movement (+seaward) / Anticipated future coastline position from present in metres.(No. years from present)
10 / 25 / 50 / 100
Moss Bay / -0.5 / -5 / -12.5 / -25 / -50
Flimby / -1.0 / -10 / -25 / -50 / -100
Maryport Golf Course / -0.3 / -3 / -7.5 / -15 / -30
Saltpans, Crosscanonby / -1.0 / -10 / -25 / -50 / -100
Mawbray Bank / -0.5 / -5 / -12.5 / -25 / -50
Blitterlees Bank / -0.5 / -5 / -12.5 / -25 / -50
The Grune / -1.0 / -10 / -25 / -50 / -100
Cardurnock Marsh / +1.0 / +10 / +25 / +50 / +100
Grey Havens, Bowness / -0.2 / -2 / -5 / -25 / -50
Easton Marsh / -1.0 / -10 / -25 / -50 / -100
Table 2.8 : Typical Rates of Future Coastline Advance or Retreat
TABLE 4.3 PROPOSED MANAGEMENT UNITS Version 1.0 477\2/A // Unit No. and Name / Land Use
Unit Coastline
Length
(km) / Unit Change / Coastal Processes Description / Land Use Description /
/ Coastal
Process / Land Use /
1. St Bees to Saltown Bay / Erosion of sandstone cliff and overlying boulder clay and spoil slag deposits to provide material to full south - north littoral drift. Material accumulated behind south breakwater arm at South Beach or swept offshore. Residual tidal currents and wave action head NE. / Sea cliffs within an area designated as Heritage Coast and within the St Bees Head SSSI, an area designated as a result of its importance for breeding birds. The area to the rear of the cliffs is arable.
2. Saltown Bay / Area formally used for quarrying sandstone. Largely recolonised quarry spoil with some acid grassland species. This area is within the St Bees SSSI.
3. Saltown Bay to Kells / Sandstone cliffs within the St Bees Head SSSI. Arable and improved grassland to the rear.
Kells to Whitehaven Harbour / Sandstone cliffs and areas of mining spoil seaward of reseeded pasture and a mire. There is a RIGS within this site.
5. Whitehaven Harbour to Redness Point / Exposed to full coastal processes generating northerly drift of material. Bed rock exposed with some cobbles/boulders. Shallow embayments and the lea of Whitehaven Harbour trap shingle size sediment as do a number of slag deposits which form artificial headlands and Harrington. Sediment drift to the north is restricted by all of these features. / Fronted by Whitehaven Harbour and an industrial facility. This area includes a County Wildlife Site.
6. Redness Point to Tanyard Bay / Coastal railway forms a coastal defence structure along this length of coast with improved grassland to the rear.
7. Tanyard Point to Lowca Beck / Coastal railway with some buildings to the seaward side. The village of parton lies to the landward side of the railway line. This unit includes a RIGS on the foreshore.
8a. Lowca Bank to Harrington Parks / Coastal railway with industrial installation to the landward side.
8b. Lowca Beck to Micklam Point / Coastal railway with improved grassland and arable land to the landward side.
9. Harrington / The coastal railway forms the most seaward feature for much of this unit although there is also a marina, a pier and a breakwater seaward of the railway. The inland area comprises farmland and land in urban use. There is a Local Nature Reserve (Harrington Reservoir) within ... km of the coast
10. Harrington to Moss Bay / Coastal Railway with hard cliffs and the residential area of Salterbeck to the landward side. The unit includes two county Wildlife Sites.
11. Moss Bay to River Derwent / Disused slag bank seaward of the industrial area of Workington. This unit also includes the Workington dock areas.
12. River Derwent to Siddick / Exposed to coastal processes although sheltered from SW by orientation of the coast and from N restricted by Scottish Coast. Artificial headlands formed of spoil deposits from old iron/steel works contain a landfill site which suffer erosion at the south of the unit. Little material is supplied to the beach from the slag deposits or supplies from further south are prevented by harbour areas and harbour channel maintenance. Further north the coast has been protected by the historic drift of eroded slag and spoil material. Land is low lying and liable to flooding if defences or railway line breach. Beach is steepening due to reduced supply of material. Maryport harbour arm restricts northerly drift of sediment. / A golf course fronts part of the coastal land use in this unit, along with an area of neutral grassland either side of the railway. Siddick Pond Local Nature Reserve and SSSI are situated approximately ... km from the coast, to the south of Siddick.
13. Siddick to Flimby / Seaward of the coastal railway is a strip of dune grassland and small patches of neutral grassland. the landward side of the railway comprises improved and semi improved grassland.
14. Flimby / Coastal railway fronted by a strip of dune grassland. Landward of the railway is the village of Flimby.
15. Fothergill to Maryport Harbour / Southern part of unit fronted by coastal railway with improved grassland inland. In the northern half of the unit the railway moves inland and the coast is fronted by mining spoil and dunes. Maryport docks and Maryport Harbour, including a SSSI, are situated within this unit.
16. North Maryport / This unit is generally sheltered from SW storm conditions due to orientation of the Coast becoming progressively more sheltered towards the north due to the closer proximity of the Scottish Coast and the incidence of coastal scars and estuary sand banks. The sediment drift is northward. The beach at the south of the unit informed of bed rock with only a light covering of coarse sediment. This is a result of lack of supply from further south and enhance erosive conditions due to sea wall. Further north a shingle beach ridge is fronted by sandy beach which merges with estuary sand banks and coastal scars. At Dubmill Point the shingle ridge is controlled by a groyne field and backed by a concrete revetment. Between Bank End and Allonby the coast is low lying and dune management techniques have been unsuccessful at stemming the erosion of this otherwise unprotected length.. / This unit comprises residential and recreational land uses.
17. Maryport to Allonby / Dune grassland and heathland form the seaward habitats, with the landward area being used for agriculture. There is a RIGS site within this landuse unit.
18. Allonby / The village of Allonby fronts part of this unit and landuse is largely residential and recreational. Open dunes front the northern area of this unit and there is a County Wildlife Site within this area.