Name______

Skeletal System Vocab

  1. pelvic girdle- bones of the hip, does not move

a. attachment for legs

b. spine attaches

  1. cranium- a.k.a. the skull
  2. protects the brain
  3. sternum- flat bone in the chest…aka, chest bone, chest plate, breast bone, breast plate.

a. protection

b. attachment for the ribs

  1. vertebrae- bones of the back, 33 total, 24 move, 9 do not move

Protects spinal cord.

Upper vert.

a.cervical7

b.thoracic12

c.lumbar5

Lower vert. (tail bone)

d.sacrum5

e.coccyx4

  1. femur (1) - bone in the upper leg, between the hip and the knee, largest and longest bone in the body
  2. cartilage- soft, flexible, connective tissue, cushions, beef jerky like or leather, can not break but can bend.

a. ears

b. nose

c. between joints (knee)

d. attaches ribs to the sternum

  1. tendon- connects bone to muscle (rubber bands)
  2. ligament- connects bone to bone (string/rope)
  3. joint- where 2 or more bones meet
  1. saddle joint (1) - allows free movement
  2. thumb
  3. pivot joint (2)- bones rotate around each other

a. neck

b. elbow

  1. ball & socket joint (2) - round end of a bone fits into a socket, these are the largest joints in da body!

a. shoulder

b. hip

  1. gliding joint (2) - bones slide over each other

a. ankle (7 tarsals bones)

b. wrist (8 carpals bones)

  1. hinge joint-(all of the rest) allows movement in 2 directions, like a door hinge

a. knee

b. phalanges (toes and fingers)

c. mandible (lower jaw)

d. elbow

Diseases & Disorders of the Skeletal System

  1. fracture- break in a bone
  2. greenstick fracture- bone breaks, chip, or cracks…but does not break all the way
  3. closed fracture- bone breaks and stays in the skin
  4. open fracture- (compound) bone breaks and comes out of the skin
  5. sprain- occurs at joints only, stretching or tearing of ligaments, ankle is the most common.
  6. strain- muscle pulls, hamstring or groin most common
  7. dislocation- bone comes out of socket or place (Shoulder, Hip, fingers, toes, or knee cap
  8. scoliosis- side to side S-shape curvature of the spine
  9. osteoporosis- bone disease where the bones are weak and brittle, common in women over 40.
  10. arthritis- swelling of the joints
  11. bursitis- swelling of the bursa sac
  12. tendonitis- swelling of the tendons
  13. Contusion- bruising of the brain
  14. Concussion- head injury, swelling of the brain
  15. R-rest

I-ice

C-compression

E-elevate

30. Bone Marrow – produces blood cells

30 Arm Bones (1 arm) (Circles)

5. Humerus- (1), aka funny bone, upper arm located between shoulder and elbow.

  1. Radius- (1), thumb-side bone in lower arm, located between elbow and wrist.
  2. Ulna – (1), pinky-side bone in lower arm, located between elbow and wrist.
  3. Carpals – (8), bones of the wrist
  4. Metacarpals- (5), bones of the hand
  5. Phalanges – (14), bones of the fingers/toes

Joints (see foldable)

Ball and Socket – hip and shoulder

Gliding – ankle and wrist

Pivot – elbow and neck

Hinge – knee, mandible, phalanges, elbow

Misc. Bones

#6 . Ribs

  1. True (7)
  2. False (3)
  3. Floating (2)

#7. Vertebrae

  1. Cervical (7)
  2. Thoracic (12)
  3. Lumbar (5)
  4. Sacrum (5)
  5. Coccyx (4)

1. Cranium – aka skull, protects brain

2. Mandible-lower jaw (hinge)

3. Clavicle- aka collar bone, most common broken bone. (seatbelt) Makes up the Socket with the Scapula.

4. Sternum- flat bone in the chest…aka, chest bone, chest plate, breast bone

a. protection

b. attachment for the ribs

6. Ribs – 7 true, 3 false, 2 floating…connect the spine to the Sternum.

7. Vertebrae – bones of spinal column, spine, backbone.

33 total, 24 move, 9 do not move (tailbone)

8. Pelvis – bones of the hip

21. Scapula – shoulder blade

Leg Bones (30)

  1. Femur – (1), bone located between hip and the knee, longest, largest, AKA thigh bone
  2. Patella – (1), aka knee cap, floating bone, protect the knee joint
  3. Tibia - (1), bone located between the knee and the ankle on the inside, it is weight bearing, shorter then fibula, AKA the Shin.
  4. Fibula – (1), bone located between the knee and the ankle on the outside, it is not weight bearing, longer then tibia
  1. Tarsals – (7), Bones of the ankle.
  2. Metatarsals – (5), Bones of the Foot.
  3. Phalanges – (14), Bones of the Toes.