Copyright 2016 AIAMasterSpec Premium03/16

PRODUCT MASTERSPEC LICENSED BY ARCOM TO POWERSMITHS INTERNATIONAL CORP.

Copyright 2016 by The American Institute of Architects (AIA)

Exclusively published and distributed by Architectural Computer Services, Inc. (ARCOM) for the AIA

This Product MasterSpec Section is licensed by ARCOM to Powersmiths International Corp. ("Licensee").

This Product MasterSpec Section modifies the original MasterSpec text, and does not include the full content of the original MasterSpec Section.

Revisions made to the original MasterSpec text are made solely by the Licensee and are not endorsed by, or representative of the opinions of, ARCOM or The American Institute of Architects (AIA). Neither AIA nor ARCOM are liable in any way for such revisions or for the use of this Product MasterSpec Section by any end user. A qualified design professional should review and edit the document to suit project requirements.

For more information, contact Powersmiths International Corp., Brampton, Ontario; Phone: 1-800-747-9627; Fax: 905-791-8870; Website: Email: .

For information about MasterSpec contact ARCOM at (800) 424-5080 or visit

SECTION 262213 - LOW-VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS

TIPS:

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To read detailed research, technical information about products and materials, and coordination checklists, click on MasterWorks/Supporting Information.

Revise this Section by deleting and inserting text to meet Project-specific requirements.

Verify that Section titles referenced in this Section are correct for this Project's Specifications; Section titles may have changed.

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1RELATED DOCUMENTS

Retain or delete this article in all Sections of Project Manual.

  1. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2SUMMARY

The transformers in this specification are high performance transformers whose efficiency and other characteristics substantially exceed the minimum requirements of DOE 2016.

  1. Section includes k-rated, distribution, dry-type transformers with a nominal primary and secondary rating of 600V and less, with capacities up to 1500 kVA.
  2. K-Rated Transformers: Model selection based on exceeding the minimum requirements of DOE 2016 by optimizing different load profiles to provide energy savings, contribute to LEED optimization credits, and qualify for utility incentives.

1.3ACTION SUBMITTALS

Products will only be considered for approval if the request is accompanied with the Attachment 1 – Low Voltage Transformer Performance Compliance Form filled out, in its entirety and signed by a company representative, authorized to certify the compliance information included. For the approval request to be considered complete, the required supporting documentation shall be provided.

  1. Products Data: Include completed "Low Voltage Transformer Performance Compliance Form" for each transformersigned by manufacturer's representative.
  2. Product Data: For each type of product.
  3. Include construction details, material descriptions, enclosure dimensions, dimensions of individual components and profiles, unit weight, and finishes for each type and size of transformer.
  4. Include rated nameplate data, capacities, weights, dimensions, minimum clearances, installed devices and features, and performance for each type and size of transformer.
  5. Include documentation that transformers comply with specification performance requirements.
  6. Include documentation forselected integrated transformer options.
  7. Include documentation for meter, and current transformerwith model numbers, serial numbers, accuracy and calibration information.
  8. Include insulation system data sheets as published by supplier.
  9. Include documentation for performance characteristics, insulation class, temperature rise, core materials, coil materials, impedances, and audible noise level.
  10. Include documentation that primary protection sizing at 125-percent of nominal full load amps will not result in nuisance tripping due to transformer inrush.
  11. Include documentation for transformer power and capacity ratings, primary voltage, secondary voltage, voltage taps, and basic insulation level (BIL). Include the following documentation:
  12. Inrush current (three cycle recovery).
  13. Short circuit current data forprimary and secondary.
  14. Efficiency, losses,and heat output.
  15. No load and full load losses according to NEMA ST20.
  16. Linear load data at 1/6,1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and full load.
  17. Linear load efficiency at 35-percent loading when tested according to DOE 10CFR Part 431, Subpart K.
  18. Efficiency under a K-7 load profile at 16.7-, 25-, 50-, 75-, and 100-percent of nameplate rating.
  19. Include documentation the transformers comply with UL listing for2-inch(51mm)clearance from ventilated surfaces.
  20. Include documentation describing nonlinear load test programfor factory ISO 9001 procedure.
  21. Include documentation that transformers comply with Special Warranty Paragraph below.
  22. Include ISO 14001:2004 Certificatefor manufacturer.
  23. Include ISO 9001:2008 Certificatefor manufacturer.
  24. Include ISO 17025 Certificate - Efficiency Test Lab for facility where transformers are tested.
  25. Include documentation that materials used for shipment packaging comply with environmental requirements.
  26. For LEED projects, optimize energy performance and include documentation of calculated energy savings compared to the DOE 2016 baseline reference.
  27. Shop Drawings:
  28. Vibration Isolation Base Details: Detail fabrication including anchorages and attachments to structure and to supported equipment.
  29. Include diagrams for power, signal, and control wiring.

1.4INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

Coordinate "Qualification Data" Paragraph below with qualification requirements in Section014000 "Quality Requirements" and as may be supplemented in "Quality Assurance" Article.

  1. Qualification Data: For testing agency.

Retain "Seismic Qualification Data" Paragraph below if required by seismic criteria applicable to Project. Coordinate with Section260548.16 "Seismic Controls for Electrical Systems." See ASCE/SEI7 for certification requirements for equipment and components.

  1. Seismic Qualification Data: Certificates, for transformers, accessories, and components, from manufacturer.
  2. Basis for Certification: Indicate whether withstand certification is based on actual test of assembled components or on calculation.
  3. Dimensioned Outline Drawings of Equipment Unit: Identify center of gravity and locate and describe mounting and anchorage provisions.
  4. Detailed description of equipment anchorage devices on which the certification is based and their installation requirements.
  5. Certification: Indicate that equipment meets [Project] [equipment] seismic requirements.
  6. Performance Validation Reports: For each transformer.
  7. Include documentation, signed and sealed by manufacturer's professional engineer (PE), identifying each product by model and serial number.
  8. Include documentation the transformers are tested in an ISO 17025 certified test lab.
  9. Include documentation that test report complies with DOE Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Distribution Transformers under Appendix A ofDOE 10CFR Part 431, Subpart K, identifying no-load losses, and efficiency at 35-percent loading.
  10. Include documentation for audible noise complying with NEMA ST20 Routine Test Report.
  11. Source quality-control reports.

Retain "Field quality-control reports" Paragraph below if Contractor is responsible for field quality-control testing and inspecting.

  1. Field quality-control reports.

1.5CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS

  1. Operation and Maintenance Data: For transformers to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals.
  2. Applicable wiring diagrams, including any modifications.
  3. Performance Validation Report and other completedfactoryandsitetestingreports.

1.6QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSURANCE

Retain "Testing Agency Qualifications" Paragraph below if Contractor or manufacturer selects testing agency or if Contractor is required to provide services of a qualified testing agency in "Field Quality Control" Article. Qualification requirements are in addition to those specified in Section014000 "Quality Requirements." Retain ISO certifications for manufacturer's processes and facilities.

  1. On-Site Testing Agency Qualifications: Accredited by NETA.
  2. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor: Certified by NETA to supervise on-site testing.
  3. Certified ISO 9001 Quality Management System.
  4. Certified ISO 14001 Environmental System.

1.7DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

  1. Inspection: On receipt, inspect for and note any shipping damage to packaging and transformer.
  2. If manufacturer packaging is removed for inspection, and transformer will be stored after inspection, re-package transformer using original or new packaging materials that provide protection equivalent to manufacturer's packaging.
  3. Storage: Store in a warm, dry, and temperature-stable location in original shipping packaging.
  4. Temporary Heating: Apply temporary heat according to manufacturer's written instructions within the enclosure of each ventilated-type unit, throughout periods during which equipment is not energized and when transformer is not in a space that is continuously under normal control of temperature and humidity.
  5. Handling: Follow manufacturer's instructions for lifting and transporting transformers.

1.8WARRANTY

When warranties are required, verify with Owner's counsel that warranties stated in this article are not less than remedies available to Owner under prevailing local laws.Obtain copies of warranty and guaranteelanguage from the manufacturer.

Powersmiths warrant aligns with DOE for the expected transformer lifecycle.

  1. Standard Warranty Period: Thirty-two (32) years, pro-rated from date of shipment.
  2. Warranty remains in effect through a qualified seismic event.
  3. Performance Guarantee: Manufacturer warrants that transformers will meet published performance data for the warranty period.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

Manufacturers and products listed in SpecAgent and Masterworks Paragraph Builder are neither recommended nor endorsed by the AIA or ARCOM. Before inserting names, verify that manufacturers and products listed there comply with requirements retained or revised in descriptions and are both available and suitable for the intended applications. For definitions of terms and requirements for Contractor's product selection, see Section016000 "Product Requirements."

2.1MANUFACTURERS

  1. Basis-of-Design Product: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide Powersmiths International Corp.; E-Saver Opal Series: E-SAVER-33L, E-SAVER-20M, E-SAVER-25H, T1000-30H,or a comparable product by one of the following:
  2. Powersmiths International Corp.
  3. Controlled Power Company; an Emerson company.
  4. Eaton.
  5. General Electric Company.
  6. SIEMENS Industry, Inc.; Energy Management Division.
  7. Sola/Hevi-Duty; a brand of Emerson Electric Co.
  8. Square D; by Schneider Electric.
  9. Insert manufacturer's name>.
  10. Source Limitations: Obtain each transformer type from single source from single manufacturer.

2.2PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

  1. Seismic Performance: Transformers shall withstand the effects of earthquake motions determined according to International Building Code - 2006/2009 Edition, California Building Code - 2007/2010 Edition, ASCE Standard 7-2005, OSHPD with OSHPD CAN 2-1708A.5 (Revised), and ICC-ES AC 156, Effective 01/01/2007.
  2. The term "withstand" means "the transformer will remain in place without separation of any parts when subjected to the seismic forces specifiedand the transformer will be fully operational after the seismic event."

2.3GENERAL TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENTS

  1. Description: Factory-assembled and -tested, air-cooled units for 60-Hz service.
  2. Three-phase, common core, ventilated, dry-type, isolation transformer, with terminals and changing taps accessible by removing front cover plate, 10-kV BIL.
  3. Comply with NFPA70.
  4. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA70, by a qualified testing agency, and marked for intended location and use.
  5. Comply with NEMA ST 20- 2014 "Dry Type Transformers for General Applications", and the standardsreferenced in this publication.
  6. Labeling for intended use by UL, ULc, CSA, or an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

Retain "Transformers Rated 15 kVA and Larger" Paragraph below for all single-phase transformers 15 to 333 kVA and three-phase transformers 15 to 1000 kVA in size, except for autotransformers, drive, grounding, machine-tool (control), nonventilated, rectifier, regulating, sealed, special-impedance (other than impedances of transformers complying with the DOE2016 rule), transformers with a tap of 20 percent or more, UPS, and welding transformers that are exempt from the DOE2016 rule.

Indicate transformer model on the Drawings with each transformer model number designation indicated on the electrical one-line diagram.

  1. Transformers Rated 15 kVA and Larger:
  2. Exceedefficiency levels established in U.S. Department of Energy, 10 CFR Part 431, April 18, 2013. Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Distribution Transformers; Final Rule (DOE 2016).
  3. Nameplate marked with efficiency levels and marked as exceeding DOE2016 efficiency levels established in DOE 2016.

Requirement in "Shipping Restraints" Paragraph below may not be available from all manufacturers. Verify with manufacturer.

  1. Shipping Restraints: Paint or otherwise color-code bolts, wedges, blocks, and other restraints that are to be removed after installation and before energizing. Use fluorescent colors that are easily identifiable inside the transformer enclosure.

Retain first paragraph below if seismic bracing is required. Coordinate with Parts1 and 3.

  1. Provide transformers that are constructed to withstand seismic forces specified in Section260548.16 "Seismic Controls for Electrical Systems" and comply with Paragraph 2.2, A, "Seismic Performance."
  2. Cores: Electrical grade, non-aging silicon steel with high permeability and low hysteresis losses.
  3. One leg per phase.

Optional feature in first subparagraph below may not be available from all manufacturers.

  1. Core volume shall allow efficient transformer operation at 10 percent above the nominal tap voltage.
  2. Grounded to enclosure.

Retaining "without splices" option below is good engineering practice; however, it may not be verifiable after the transformer is delivered, may result in increased cost, and may be contested by manufacturers interested in reducing manufacturing cost and maximizing raw materials usage.

  1. Coils: Continuous windings except for taps.
  2. Internal Coil Connections: Brazed or pressure type.
  3. Terminal Connections: Weldedorbolted.
  4. Enclosure: Ventilated with lockable hinged door.
  5. NEMA250, Type2, [Type3R], [Outdoor Pad Mounted] [Outdoor Publicly Accessible]:
  6. Lockable hinged doors to facilitate front access.Comply NFPA 70E/CSA-Z462 to minimize arc flash risk when opening the enclosure of live equipment.

The standard wall clearance for other manufacturers is 6-inches (152-mm).Powersmiths transformers are UL Listed for a 2-inch (51-mm) clearance.

  1. Rear Clearance: UL Listed for 2-inch(51-mm) clearance from wall, with clearance indicated on nameplate.
  1. KVA Ratings: Based on convection cooling only and not relying on auxiliary fans.

Retain "Finish" Subparagraph below for custom finish.

  1. Finish: Comply with NEMA250.
  2. Finish Color: Manufacturer's standard colorInsert color.
  1. Taps for Transformers 15 kVA and Larger: Two 2.5 percent taps above and four 2.5 percent taps below normal full capacity.

See "Insulation Ratings" Article in the Evaluations for discussion of insulation classes. See "Energy Considerations" Article in the Evaluations for discussion of relative efficiencies. Temperature rise of 115 or 80 degC only applies to transformers 15 kVA and larger.

  1. Insulation SystemClass: 220 degC, UL-component-recognized insulation system.See individual model description for associated operating temperature rise.
  2. Impedance:Four-percent or greater, to manage downstream fault, arc flash levels, and downstream component fault interrupting (kAIC) ratings.
  3. Inrush Currents: Suitable for a 125-percent-rated primary overcurrent protective device, documented by manufacturer.
  4. Grounding: Provide ground-bar kit or a ground bar installed on the inside of the transformer enclosure.

"K-Factor Rating" Paragraph below is required since transformer will supply significant nonsinusoidal load current.

  1. K-Factor Rating: Transformers are to be K-factor rated in compliance with UL1561 requirements for nonsinusoidal load current-handling capability to the degree defined by designated K-factor.
  2. The required K-Factor is defined within the specification section for each model.
  3. Unit shall not overheat when carrying full-load current with harmonic distortion corresponding to designated K-factor, without exceeding the indicated insulation class in a 40 degC maximum ambient and a 24-hour average ambient of 30 degC.
  4. Indicate value of K-factor on transformer nameplate.
  5. Neutral: Rated 200 percent of full load current.
  6. Listed and label as complying with UL1561.
  7. See individual models for associated K-factor rating.
  8. K-rating for the individual models to follow IEEE C57.110 "IEEE Recommended Practice for Establishing Transformer Capability When Supplying Nonsinusoidal Load Currents."

Indicate wall-mounted transformers on Drawings. Generally, factory-made wall-mounted brackets are available for transformers up to 75 kVA. High-efficiency, shielding, and K-factor construction increase transformer weight. Verify that wall brackets are available from specified manufacturers for specified sizes. Verify compliance with seismic requirements.

  1. Wall Brackets: At locations indicated on Drawings for transformers up to 75 kVA. [Manufacturer's standard brackets] [Wall brackets fabricated from design drawings signed and sealed by a licensed structural engineer].
  2. Low-Sound-Level Requirements: Maximum sound levels when factory tested according to NEMA ST 20-2014, applied to all transformers, including those with K-factor ratings up to 20, as follows:
  3. 9.00 kVA and Less:40 dBA.
  4. 9.01 to 30.00 kVA: 42 dBA.
  5. 30.01 to 50.00 kVA: 42 dBA.
  6. 50.01 to 150.00 kVA: 47 dBA.
  7. 150.01 to 300.00 kVA: 52 dBA
  8. 300.01 to 500.00 kVA: 57 dBA.
  9. 500.01 to 700.00: 59 dBA.
  10. 700.01 to 1000.00: 61 dBA.
  11. 1000.01 to 1500.00 kVA: 64 dBA.
  12. Factory Sound-Level Tests: Conduct soundlevel tests on equipment.Provide data for each serial number upon request.
  13. Test each transformer for required noise limit. Type testing is not acceptable.

2.4DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS – LOW LOAD OPTIMIZED

Application Note: This is the appropriate specification for the vast majority of installations. Typical low voltage dry-type transformers are not heavily loaded but they do feed mostly electronic equipment that predominate most work environments, and this is a non-linear load profile for which UL requires the transformer to carry a suitable K-Rating in order for the listing to be valid for the application.A K-7 rating has been found to be appropriate for this application. The transformer design needs to also minimize the operating losses in this application, which combines harmonics and light loading. Achieving very low losses under these conditions embeds significant energy savings compared to a typical DOE 2016 transformer.

A wide range of kVA ratings enables rightsizing to the electrical system, reducing capital cost, operating cost, and reduced cost of the surrounding electrical infrastructure including breakers, panels, conduits and conductors. Overall electrical physical footprint and carbon footprint are reduced.

  1. Basis-of-Design: E-SAVER-33L.
  2. Winding Material: Copper.
  3. K-Factor Rating:K-7.
  4. Operating Temperature Rise: 130 deg C in 40 deg C maximum ambient conditions.
  5. Continuous Duty Overload Capacity: 105-percent of nominal kVA rating.
  6. Efficiency: Exceed minimum efficiency requirements of U.S. Department of Energy, 10 CFR Part 431 (DOE 2016), by complying with the "Table of Maximum No-Load Losses Efficiency Requirements" at 1/6 load, efficiency at 35-percent load, and efficiency at 25-percent load under a K-7 load profile, when tested inan ISO 17025 certified efficiency test lab.

  1. Table of Maximum No-Load Losses and Efficiency Requirements:

kVA / Max. No-Load Losses (Watts) / Efficiency at 1/6 load (%) / Efficiency at 35% load (%) / Efficiency at 25% load under K-7 non-linear load
15 / 35 / 98.18 / 98.27 / 98.2
20 / 42 / 98.28 / 98.37 / 98.3
25 / 50 / 98.39 / 98.47 / 98.3
30 / 57 / 98.49 / 98.57 / 98.4
45 / 80 / 98.60 / 98.71 / 98.5
50 / 86 / 98.63 / 98.73 / 98.5
63 / 100 / 98.70 / 98.78 / 98.6
75 / 113 / 98.77 / 98.82 / 98.7
100 / 145 / 98.84 / 98.91 / 98.8
112.5 / 160 / 98.87 / 98.95 / 98.8
125 / 175 / 98.88 / 98.97 / 98.8
150 / 204 / 98.91 / 99.00 / 98.9
175 / 232 / 98.95 / 99.04 / 98.9
200 / 260 / 98.98 / 99.09 / 99.0
225 / 288 / 99.02 / 99.13 / 99.0
250 / 312 / 99.04 / 99.14 / 99.0
300 / 360 / 99.07 / 99.16 / 99.0
400 / 442 / 99.13 / 99.21 / 99.1
450 / 483 / 99.15 / 99.24 / 99.1
500 / 524 / 99.18 / 99.26 / 99.1
600 / 604 / 99.21 / 99.29 / 99.1
750 / 725 / 99.25 / 99.34 / 99.2

2.5DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS – HEAVY LOAD OPTIMIZED