Science 10 Chemistry Lab Name: ______
Types of Reactions
Follow the instructions at each station. Leave the station clean and ready for the next group. Keep a record of your observations of products and reactants and create the word equation and balanced chemical reaction for each reaction to your data sheet. Also, indicate what type of reaction each was and indicate (where possible) if the reaction was exo-or endo-thermic). Work carefully and quickly as you will need to leave the station within 10 minutes.
Station A: Butane gas reacts with oxygen
Light the butane lighter and observe the flame color. Obtain a cool dry beaker and invert it above the flame (try about 10 cm away) and watch for water condensing on the inside of the beaker.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station B: calcium metal with water produces hydrogen gas
· Part A: calcium reacts with water
Pick up a piece of calcium metal with the tongs and place it in the mortar dish. (Do not touch it with your fingers as it reacts with water and can damage your skin). Grind it with the pestle to try and remove some of the calcium oxide (white coating) so you can see some of the shiny calcium metal. Fill a test tube with water and invert it into the water trough so it stands up completely full of water. Using the tongs, place the cleaned piece of calcium into the water trough and cover it with the test tube without lifting the test tube above the surface of the water. As the calcium reacts with water the hydrogen gas given off should fill the test tube. Fill a second test tube in the same way if enough hydrogen is produced.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations
· Part B: hydrogen gas reacts with oxygen
Light a match. Carefully lift a test tube of hydrogen straight up out of the water, keeping it inverted so the hydrogen does not escape (hydrogen gas is lighter than air) as you bring the lit match close to the mouth of the test tube. Tilt the test tube gently so the hydrogen gas escapes into the flame. It should explode with a noticeable sound! (Never try this with large amounts of hydrogen).
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station C: Hydrolysis of water
Connect the battery so that the electric current will pass through the water, and notice the gas bubbles forming at each electrode. Oxygen gas forms at one electrode while hydrogen gas forms at the other. Disconnect the battery after you have made your observations.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station D: magnesium metal reacts with copper (II) chloride solution
Drop a small piece of magnesium metal into the blue copper (II) chloride solution and leave it for several minutes before making observations. Note any color change on the magnesium or with the copper solution. Leave your reaction tube for the next group to observe as the reaction will continue for some time. (look back later to see a more complete reaction)
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station E: lead (II) nitrate and sodium iodide solutions
Place a few drops of each solution into a well and observe. Leave it in the well after your observations.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station F: sodium carbonate and nickel (II) nitrate
Place a few drops of each solution into a well and observe. Leave it in the well after your observations.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
Station G: Baking soda and hydrochloric acid – pH recording
Note the pH of the hydrochloric acid solution and then start recording the pH as you drop in a scoopula-ful of the baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate). Clean up carefully when you’re finished so the next group can start. Note how the pH changes as you add more baking soda.
Word Equation:
Balanced Chemical Equation:
Reaction Type:
Observations:
pH at beginning: pH at ending:______