CARPENTRY LESSON PLAN

Module 27102-06BUILDING MATERIALS, FASTENERS, AND ADHESIVES

Lesson 1 of 3: Lumber and Plywood

This lesson is a classroom/lab session dealing with sources, sizes, and classifications of lumber and plywood.

Objectives

Upon completion of this lesson, the student should be able to:

  1. Identify the sources and uses of lumber.
  2. Identify various types of lumber defects and state how they affect the grading of lumber.
  3. Describe how lumber is graded and interpret a grade stamp.
  4. State the uses of plywood and explain how plywood is graded.

Performance Requirements

·  The students will calculate lumber quantities using industry-standard methods. This exercise corresponds to Module 27102 Performance Task 1.

Reading Assignment

·  Module 27102, Sections 1 through 5

Slide Presentation

·  Module 27102, Part 1 (Slides 1 through 12)

Suggested Equipment/Materials

·  Samples of hardwoods and softwoods

·  Samples of plywood with different cores and veneer grades

·  Samples of various building boards

Suggested Student Activity

·  Have students access building material manufacturer websites and write a report on sustainable construction.

Testing

·  Module 27102 Review Test, Questions 1 – 4

·  CONTREN™ Connect, Active Figure 3, Common Lumber Defects

Suggested Lab Activity

·  Have students view samples of graded lumber and plywood and interpret the grade stamp.

·  Have students measure pieces of dimension lumber to compare actual vs. nominal size. This exercise corresponds to Module 27102 Performance Task 1.

Additional Resources

www.gp.com (Georgia Pacific)

www.weyerhauser.com (Weyerhauser)

U.S. Dept of Commerce Publication Plywood Specification and Grade Guide

27102 LESSON 1

INSTRUCTOR NOTES

SLIDE 1

·  Explain the objectives of the module. Point out that it is divided into three lessons.

·  Explain that the performance objectives of the module will require the student to identify various types of building materials and fasteners and discuss how they are used.


SLIDE 2

·  Explain the reasons why it is essential for a carpenter must have knowledge of building materials and fasteners.

·  Explain what could happen if the wrong material or fastener is used.


SLIDE 3

·  Explain that the different parts of a tree produce lumber with different characteristics.

·  If possible, obtain a cross-sectional piece of a tree trunk and allow the students to examine it.


SLIDE 4

·  Discuss the difference between plain-sawed and quarter-sawed wood.

·  Explain the differences between hardwood and softwood.

·  Pass around sample pieces of hardwood and softwood and talk about the differences in color, texture, and density of different woods.

·  Explain that hardwoods are commonly used in building furniture and that softwoods such as fir and pine are used in frame construction, as well as in inexpensive furniture.

·  Refer the students to Appendix A of the module for a description of different woods and their uses.


SLIDE 5

·  Pass around samples of wood containing defects and allow the trainees to examine them.

·  As a class exercise, have the trainees identify the type of defect in each sample.


SLIDE 6

·  Explain that some lumber defects occur naturally, while others occur during the making of lumber.

·  Point out that grading of lumber is heavily based on the number, types, and severity of defects.

·  Discuss the proper methods for stacking and protecting lumber at the job site in order to prevent damage.


SLIDE 7

·  Use the grade stamp on the slide to explain how lumber is graded.

·  Point out that lumber defects can affect the load-bearing capacity of the lumber.

·  Explain that job specifications will usually state the quality of lumber required and that use of lumber that does not meet the specifications can result in expensive rework.


SLIDE 8

·  Explain the different appearance grades of softwood lumber and discuss how they are used.

·  Show students examples of the different appearance grades.


SLIDE 9

·  Explain the size classifications used by lumber grading agencies.

·  Discuss the uses of the different size classifications as shown on the table.


SLIDE 10

·  Explain the difference between the nominal size and dressed size of lumber.

·  Explain the three designations for end trim and show examples.


SLIDE 11

·  Briefly describe how plywood is manufactured.

·  Review the abbreviations commonly used in grading plywood (Appendix C in the module)

·  Discuss the differences in appearance and applications of the six grades of plywood, as listed in the table.

·  Show how grade stamps distinguish between interior and exterior plywood.

SLIDE 12 A - B

·  Point out that the veneer core is the most common type of plywood used.

·  Explain the letter system (A-A, B-B, etc) used to grade face veneers. Show samples of the different veneer grades.

·  Discuss the proper method for storing plywood on the site.

·  Explain how plywood can be affected by improper storage.

[Insert video 27102-1]