RQ EISENHOWER NOTES PART 1
THEMES
1 What three (3) “emerging” issues challenged the “spirit of national consensus” during the Eisenhower years?
A
B
C
Summary
2 What three developments “fueled” the prosperity of the Eisenhower Era?
A
B
C
3 What significant change begins for Women during the Eisenhower Era?
4 What is the new consumer culture “centered” on?
Quotes
5 C. Wright Mills in his “letter to the New Left,” discusses the beginnings of “grassroots’ movements—Who does he suggest are the “new” political heroes, perhaps?
6 The Military-Industrial Complex grows exponentially during Eisenhower’s period as President, 1953 -1961, According to this quote from his “Chance for Peace” speech does IKE support the growth of the Military-Industrial complex? Yes NO ?
7 According to Chief Justice Earl Warren’s opinion for the unanimous majority in the Brown Case---What is “inherently unequal?” AND-- due to the segregation what were the plaintiffs and others deprived of?
A
B
8 According to the map of “Educational Segregation in the US prior to the Brown decision (1954)--- How many states (in red) had “REQUIRED” school segregation of the races?
9 What do the Congressmen who signed the “The Southern Manifesto,” pledge to do?
10 The “The Southern Manifesto” was written and signed in response to what action?
Intro
11 “America yearned for a period of calm,” from what two events?
A
B
12 However America found itself combating what overseas? AND What two issues at home?
The Advent of Eisenhower
13 Who wins the Election of 1952?
14 Who was Ike’s VP running mate in both 1952 and 1956?
15 What famous TV speech does the VP make in 1952 that saves him from a scandal and foreshadows a future scandal when he becomes President?
16 What was the famous slogan for Eisenhower during his two victorious elections, 52 and 56?
17 How does Eisenhower use the “New Media,” TV in his campaign---the 1st President to do so?
18 How does TV affect politics beginning in the 1950’s and continuing still today?
“Ike” Takes Command
19 When Ike goes to Korea to “end” the Korean war--- what weapon does he threaten China with using that perhaps encouraged China and North Korea to end the war?
20 Korea was divided at the 38th parallel and war ceased--- Two important lessons will affect us going forward in Asia specifically Vietnam---Communism had been ______AND War had been ______--no nukes used?
21 What is the term used to describe the 2nd Red Scare of the 1950’s that tragically is later described as a “Witch Hunt?”
22 In which department within the Federal Government does McCarthy accuse of having 205 known communists employed—in his first speech attacking communists in Wheeling, WV, 1950?
23 How do the majority of the American People respond the McCarthy’s tactics?
24 What does Ike think of McCarthy?
25 McCarthy’s downfall came in front of a nationally televised audience when he attacks what group as being filled with communists in 1954?
Desegregating the South
26 10 Million Blacks lived everyday in the South having to cope with a complicated system of rules for living called “JIM CROW.” This system kept them insulated from ______, economically ______, and politically ______.
27 In the South what % of blacks were registered to vote?
28 What Black Attorney leads the Legal Defense Fund of the NAACP during this period and later becomes the first African-American on the Supreme Court of the United States (and is the lead counsel in the Brown Case in 1954)?
29 Whom does Ike appoint as the new Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?
30 It is claimed that many of the “Warren Court’s” rulings were actually “making law,” due to Congress ignoring or being blocked in taking action, ---these type of rulings made by the Supreme Court are called by what term---some say that this philosophy of the Court is unconstitutional in their nature due to the court acting beyond their power---?
31 Which Supreme Court case overturns the Plessy case, 1896, and sets of a crazy reaction in the South in response?
32 In the Brown II Supreme Court Case, 1955, what time table doe the Supreme Court set for implementation of the integration of all Southern Schools? (it is a quote highlighted in Yellow)
33 What three Southern Democratic Congressmen REFUSE to sign “The Southern Manifesto?”
a
b
c
34 Who led the “massive resistance” campaign in the state of Virginia?
35 What two (2) specific actions occur in Virginia to delay/fight the integration of schools?
A
B
36 What new group “springs up across the South,” to “defend the Southern (white master race) way of life?”
37 What two (2) groups do they claim are attempting to change their way of life?
38 Which Supreme Court case actually brings about the integration of schools in the South in 1971?
39 What did Emmett Till do in Mississippi that led to his murder in 1955?
40 What happens in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955 and how is it so significant to the Civil Rights movement?
41 What organization of ministers is created after the Montgomery Bus Boycott, in 1957---and which becomes the LEADING ORGANIZATION OF THE MODERN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN AMERICA—due to its strong ties to the powerful Black Churches?
42 Who is called “the most influential Woman in the Civil Rights Movement?”
43 Who said, “I do not believe, that prejudices, even unjustifiable prejudices, will succumb to compulsion?”
44 How does Ike, “execute the law,” (enforce the Brown decision), in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957?
45 Where do 4 Black students sit at a Woolworth’s lunch counter, in 1960, and asked to be served---later followed by thousands in this place and across the South in a very important development ---YOUTH LED DIRECT ACTION---- that begins to shape the Civil Rights Movement---from this point forward?
46 What is the name of NEXT BIG CIVIL RIGHTS ORGANIZATION formed?
Who leads this meeting?
Where is it held?
What two (2) student leaders are mentioned?
47 According the quote from Julian Bond---What does this organization “demonstrate?”
Eisenhower Republicanism at Home
“In all those things which deal with people, be liberal, be human, but when it comes to people’s money, or their economy, or their form of government, be conservative.” IKE, ‘53
48 The quote above defines which political philosophy?
49 What new department does Ike create to manage the many “New Deal” programs still in place from FDR?
50 What is the action of our government called that attempts to limit and return illegal immigrants to Mexico?
51 What group is affected by Ike’s “Termination” program, sadly but predictably, not in a good way?
52 -“should any political party attempt to abolish Social Security, unemployment insurance, and eliminate labor and farm programs, you would not hear of that party again in our political history.”Who said this—and due to his non-action---against these programs “stitches” them into the fabric of American Life permanently?
53 What is the name of the public works program larger than any in our history, including the many of the “New Deal,” that costs 27 Billion dollars, and has a dual purpose---to better defend our nation?